fix: mark expired incoming invoices as failed and add periodic cleanup (#3867 )

Co-authored-by: Vlad Stan <stan.v.vlad@gmail.com>
fix: payment filter for time range (#4023 )
2026-07-16 13:55:53 +03:00 · 2026-07-16 13:53:00 +03:00 · 2026-07-15 21:33:48 +03:00 · 2026-07-15 17:41:31 +01:00 · 2026-07-15 13:50:19 +03:00 · 2026-07-13 15:28:28 +02:00
361 changed files with 53640 additions and 33591 deletions
@@ -6,11 +6,21 @@
 # The following settings are ONLY set in your .env file.
 # They are NOT managed by the Admin UI and are not stored in the database.

+# === First Install Token ===
+# If set the user is required to enter this token on the /first_install page
+# FIRST_INSTALL_TOKEN="myaccesstoken"
+
+# === Security ===
+# When enabled (recommended), auth cookies require HTTPS and SSO will reject insecure HTTP.
+AUTH_HTTPS_ONLY=true
+
 # === Logging and Development ===

 DEBUG=False
 DEBUG_DATABASE=False
 BUNDLE_ASSETS=True
+# add `?profiler=true` to the url to enable the profiler for that request
+PROFILER=False

 # logging into LNBITS_DATA_FOLDER/logs/
 ENABLE_LOG_TO_FILE=true
@@ -20,6 +30,10 @@ LOG_ROTATION="100 MB"
 LOG_RETENTION="3 months"
 # for database cleanup commands
 # CLEANUP_WALLETS_DAYS=90
+# Hard limit for total created users. Set to 0 to disable the limit.
+# LNBITS_MAX_USERS=0
+# Hard limit for total installed extensions. Set to 0 to disable the limit.
+# LNBITS_MAX_EXTENSIONS=0

 # === Admin Settings ===

@@ -55,7 +69,7 @@ LNBITS_EXTENSIONS_DEFAULT_INSTALL="tpos"
 # LNBITS_EXT_GITHUB_TOKEN=github_pat_xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

 # which fundingsources are allowed in the admin ui
-# LNBITS_ALLOWED_FUNDING_SOURCES="VoidWallet, FakeWallet, CoreLightningWallet, CoreLightningRestWallet, LndRestWallet, EclairWallet, LndWallet, LnTipsWallet, LNPayWallet, LNbitsWallet, BlinkWallet, AlbyWallet, ZBDWallet, PhoenixdWallet, OpenNodeWallet, NWCWallet, BreezSdkWallet, BoltzWallet, StrikeWallet, CLNRestWallet"
+# LNBITS_ALLOWED_FUNDING_SOURCES="VoidWallet, FakeWallet, CoreLightningWallet, CoreLightningRestWallet, LndRestWallet, EclairWallet, LndWallet, LnTipsWallet, LNPayWallet, LNbitsWallet, BlinkWallet, AlbyWallet, ZBDWallet, PhoenixdWallet, OpenNodeWallet, NWCWallet, BreezSdkWallet, BoltzWallet, StrikeWallet, CLNRestWallet, SparkWallet, SparkL2Wallet"

 # uvicorn variable, allow https behind a proxy
 # IMPORTANT: this also needs the webserver to be configured to forward the headers
@@ -90,7 +104,7 @@ AUTH_SECRET_KEY=""
 ######################################

 AUTH_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES=525600
-# Possible authorization methods: user-id-only, username-password, nostr-auth-nip98, google-auth, github-auth, keycloak-auth
+# Possible authorization methods: user-id-only, username-password, nostr-auth-nip98, google-auth, github-auth, keycloak-auth, oidc-auth
 AUTH_ALLOWED_METHODS="user-id-only, username-password"
 # Set this flag if HTTP is used for OAuth
 # OAUTHLIB_INSECURE_TRANSPORT="1"
@@ -105,6 +119,8 @@ LNBITS_SITE_TAGLINE="Open Source Lightning Payments Platform"
 LNBITS_SITE_DESCRIPTION="The world's most powerful suite of bitcoin tools. Run for yourself, for others, or as part of a stack."
 # Choose from bitcoin, mint, flamingo, freedom, salvador, autumn, monochrome, classic, cyber
 LNBITS_THEME_OPTIONS="classic, bitcoin, flamingo, freedom, mint, autumn, monochrome, salvador, cyber"
+# Toggle the background styling on burger menus / drawers
+# LNBITS_DEFAULT_BURGER_MENU_BACKGROUND=true
 # LNBITS_CUSTOM_LOGO="https://lnbits.com/assets/images/logo/logo.svg"

 ######################################
@@ -187,6 +203,15 @@ BOLTZ_CLIENT_MACAROON="/home/bob/.boltz/macaroons/admin.macaroon"
 # HEXSTRING instead of path also possible
 BOLTZ_CLIENT_CERT="/home/bob/.boltz/tls.cert"

+# SparkL2Wallet (external sidecar: https://github.com/lnbits/spark_sidecar)
+SPARK_L2_NETWORK=MAINNET
+SPARK_L2_EXTERNAL_ENDPOINT=http://127.0.0.1:8765
+SPARK_L2_EXTERNAL_API_KEY=
+# optional tuning
+# SPARK_L2_PAY_WAIT_MS=4000
+# SPARK_L2_PAY_POLL_MS=500
+# SPARK_L2_STREAM_KEEPALIVE_MS=15000
+
 # StrikeWallet
 STRIKE_API_ENDPOINT=https://api.strike.me/v1
 STRIKE_API_KEY=YOUR_STRIKE_API_KEY
@@ -258,6 +283,50 @@ KEYCLOAK_DISCOVERY_URL=""
 KEYCLOAK_CLIENT_CUSTOM_ORG=""
 KEYCLOAK_CLIENT_CUSTOM_ICON=""

+# OIDC OAuth Config
+# Generic OIDC provider configuration
+# Make sure that the redirect URI in your OIDC provider is set to: https://{domain}/api/v1/auth/oidc/token
+# Required scopes: openid, email, profile
+# The discovery URL must be accessible from your LNbits server
+# Always use HTTPS in production environments
+# The CUSTOM_ORG and CUSTOM_ICON settings allow you to customize the login button
+# For example: "Login via Zitadel" with the Zitadel logo
+OIDC_DISCOVERY_URL=""
+OIDC_CLIENT_ID=""
+OIDC_CLIENT_SECRET=""
+OIDC_CLIENT_CUSTOM_ORG=""
+OIDC_CLIENT_CUSTOM_ICON=""
+
+# Example OIDC configurations for various providers:
+#
+# ZITADEL:
+# OIDC_DISCOVERY_URL=https://login.yourdomain.de/.well-known/openid-configuration
+# OIDC_CLIENT_ID=your-zitadel-client-id@project-id
+# OIDC_CLIENT_SECRET=your-zitadel-client-secret
+# OIDC_CLIENT_CUSTOM_ORG=Zitadel
+# OIDC_CLIENT_CUSTOM_ICON=/static/images/zitadel.png
+#
+# AUTHENTIK:
+# OIDC_DISCOVERY_URL=https://authentik.yourdomain.com/application/o/lnbits/.well-known/openid-configuration
+# OIDC_CLIENT_ID=your-authentik-client-id
+# OIDC_CLIENT_SECRET=your-authentik-client-secret
+# OIDC_CLIENT_CUSTOM_ORG=Authentik
+# OIDC_CLIENT_CUSTOM_ICON=/static/images/authentik.png
+#
+# AUTHELIA:
+# OIDC_DISCOVERY_URL=https://auth.yourdomain.com/.well-known/openid-configuration
+# OIDC_CLIENT_ID=your-authelia-client-id
+# OIDC_CLIENT_SECRET=your-authelia-client-secret
+# OIDC_CLIENT_CUSTOM_ORG=Authelia
+# OIDC_CLIENT_CUSTOM_ICON=/static/images/authelia.png
+#
+# OKTA:
+# OIDC_DISCOVERY_URL=https://your-domain.okta.com/.well-known/openid-configuration
+# OIDC_CLIENT_ID=your-okta-client-id
+# OIDC_CLIENT_SECRET=your-okta-client-secret
+# OIDC_CLIENT_CUSTOM_ORG=Okta
+# OIDC_CLIENT_CUSTOM_ICON=/static/images/okta.png
+

 ######################################

@@ -313,10 +382,12 @@ LNBITS_SERVICE_FEE=0.0
 # disable fees for internal transactions
 # LNBITS_SERVICE_FEE_IGNORE_INTERNAL=true

-# value in millisats
+# The minimum fee reserved per payment (millisats)
 LNBITS_RESERVE_FEE_MIN=2000
-# value in percent
+# The percentage of the payment amount to reserve for routing fees (percent)
 LNBITS_RESERVE_FEE_PERCENT=1.0
+# The default time to wait to for status response from the funding source when paying an invoice
+LNBITS_FUNDING_SOURCE_PAY_INVOICE_WAIT_SECONDS=5

 # limit the maximum balance for each wallet
 # throw an error if the wallet attempts to create a new invoice
@@ -7,10 +7,6 @@ on:
        description: 'The tag name for the release'
        required: true
        type: string
-      upload_url:
-        description: 'The upload URL for the release'
-        required: true
-        type: string

  workflow_dispatch:
    inputs:
@@ -18,10 +14,6 @@ on:
        description: 'The tag name for the release'
        required: true
        type: string
-      upload_url:
-        description: 'The upload URL for the release'
-        required: true
-        type: string

 jobs:
  build-linux-package:
@@ -69,7 +61,10 @@ jobs:
            --onefile \
            --name lnbits \
            --hidden-import=embit \
+            --hidden-import=bitstring.bitstore_bitarray \
            --collect-all embit \
+            --collect-all bitstring \
+            --collect-all bitarray \
            --collect-all lnbits \
            --collect-all sqlalchemy \
            --collect-all breez_sdk \
@@ -110,11 +105,6 @@ jobs:
        shell: bash

      - name: Upload Linux Release Asset
-        uses: actions/upload-release-asset@v1
-        with:
-          upload_url: ${{ inputs.upload_url }}
-          asset_path: ${{ env.APPIMAGE_NAME }}
-          asset_name: ${{ env.APPIMAGE_NAME }}
-          asset_content_type: application/octet-stream
        env:
          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        run: gh release upload "${{ inputs.tag_name }}" "${{ env.APPIMAGE_NAME }}" --clobber
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+name: bundle
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+
+jobs:
+  bundle:
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository && github.head_ref || github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+      - uses: lnbits/lnbits/.github/actions/prepare@dev
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.10"
+          node-version: "24.x"
+          npm: true
+      - name: Build and commit bundle (same-repo PR)
+        if: github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository
+        run: |
+          make bundle
+          git config user.name "alan"
+          git config user.email "alan@lnbits.com"
+          git add lnbits/static
+          if git diff --cached --quiet; then
+            exit 0
+          fi
+          git commit -m "chore: make bundle [skip ci]"
+          git push
+      - name: Check bundle is up-to-date (fork PR)
+        if: github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name != github.repository
+        run: make checkbundle
@@ -1,14 +1,9 @@
 name: LNbits CI
 on:
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - main
-      - dev
  pull_request:


 jobs:
-
  lint:
    uses: ./.github/workflows/lint.yml

@@ -16,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
    needs: [ lint ]
    strategy:
      matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12"]
+        python-version: ["3.10", "3.12"]
        db-url: ["", "postgres://lnbits:lnbits@0.0.0.0:5432/lnbits"]
    uses: ./.github/workflows/tests.yml
    with:
@@ -30,7 +25,7 @@ jobs:
    needs: [ lint ]
    strategy:
      matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12"]
+        python-version: ["3.10", "3.12"]
        db-url: ["", "postgres://lnbits:lnbits@0.0.0.0:5432/lnbits"]
    uses: ./.github/workflows/tests.yml
    with:
@@ -44,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
    needs: [ lint ]
    strategy:
      matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12"]
+        python-version: ["3.10", "3.12"]
        db-url: ["", "postgres://lnbits:lnbits@0.0.0.0:5432/lnbits"]
    uses: ./.github/workflows/tests.yml
    with:
@@ -58,7 +53,7 @@ jobs:
    needs: [ lint ]
    strategy:
      matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12"]
+        python-version: ["3.10", "3.12"]
    uses: ./.github/workflows/migration.yml
    with:
      python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
@@ -74,7 +69,7 @@ jobs:
    uses: ./.github/workflows/regtest.yml
    strategy:
      matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.10"]
+        python-version: ["3.12"]
        backend-wallet-class:
          - BoltzWallet
          - LndRestWallet
@@ -94,7 +89,11 @@ jobs:
    needs: [ lint ]
    strategy:
      matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.10"]
+        python-version: ["3.12"]
    uses: ./.github/workflows/jmeter.yml
    with:
      python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+
+  bundle:
+    needs: [ lint, test-api, test-wallets, test-unit, migration, openapi, regtest, jmeter ]
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/bundle.yml
@@ -55,11 +55,21 @@ jobs:
      - name: Build and push boltz
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
        with:
-            context: .
-            file: Dockerfile.boltz
+            context: docker/boltzclient
            push: true
            tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}/lnbits-boltz:${{ inputs.tag }}
            platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
            cache-from: type=local,src=/tmp/.buildx-cache
            cache-to: type=local,dest=/tmp/.buildx-cache
            build-args: LNBITS_TAG=${{ inputs.tag }}
+
+      - name: Build and push sparkl2
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
+        with:
+            context: docker/sparkl2
+            push: true
+            tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}/lnbits-sparkl2:${{ inputs.tag }}
+            platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
+            cache-from: type=local,src=/tmp/.buildx-cache
+            cache-to: type=local,dest=/tmp/.buildx-cache
+            build-args: LNBITS_TAG=${{ inputs.tag }}
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: run LNbits
        env:
          LNBITS_ADMIN_UI: true
+          AUTH_HTTPS_ONLY: false
          LNBITS_EXTENSIONS_DEFAULT_INSTALL: "watchonly, satspay, tipjar, tpos, lnurlp, withdraw"
          LNBITS_BACKEND_WALLET_CLASS: FakeWallet
        run: |
@@ -6,53 +6,30 @@ jobs:

  black:
    uses: ./.github/workflows/make.yml
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12"]
    with:
      make: checkblack
-      python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}

  ruff:
    uses: ./.github/workflows/make.yml
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12"]
    with:
      make: checkruff
-      python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}

  mypy:
    uses: ./.github/workflows/make.yml
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12"]
    with:
      make: mypy
-      python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}

  pyright:
    uses: ./.github/workflows/make.yml
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12"]
    with:
      make: pyright
-      python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
      npm: true

-
  prettier:
    uses: ./.github/workflows/make.yml
    with:
      make: checkprettier
      npm: true

-  bundle:
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/make.yml
-    with:
-      make: checkbundle
-      npm: true
-
  poetry:
    uses: ./.github/workflows/poetry.yml
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ on:
      python-version:
        description: "python version"
        type: string
-        default: "3.10"
+        default: "3.12"

 jobs:
  make:
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ jobs:
    strategy:
      matrix:
        os-version: ["ubuntu-24.04"]
-        node-version: ["18.x"]
+        node-version: ["24.x"]
    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os-version }}
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ on:
        required: true
        type: string
      python-version:
-        default: "3.10"
+        default: "3.12"
        type: string
      os-version:
        default: "ubuntu-24.04"
@@ -38,8 +38,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Setup Regtest
        run: |
-          git clone https://github.com/lnbits/legend-regtest-enviroment.git docker
-          cd docker
+          cd docker/regtest
          chmod +x ./start-regtest
          ./start-regtest
          sudo chmod -R a+rwx .
@@ -50,16 +49,16 @@ jobs:
          LNBITS_DATABASE_URL: ${{ inputs.db-url }}
          LNBITS_BACKEND_WALLET_CLASS: ${{ inputs.backend-wallet-class }}
          LND_REST_ENDPOINT: https://localhost:8081/
-          LND_REST_CERT: ./docker/data/lnd-3/tls.cert
-          LND_REST_MACAROON: ./docker/data/lnd-3/data/chain/bitcoin/regtest/admin.macaroon
+          LND_REST_CERT: ./docker/regtest/data/lnd-3/tls.cert
+          LND_REST_MACAROON: ./docker/regtest/data/lnd-3/data/chain/bitcoin/regtest/admin.macaroon
          LND_GRPC_ENDPOINT: localhost
          LND_GRPC_PORT: 10009
-          LND_GRPC_CERT: docker/data/lnd-3/tls.cert
-          LND_GRPC_MACAROON: docker/data/lnd-3/data/chain/bitcoin/regtest/admin.macaroon
-          CORELIGHTNING_RPC: ./docker/data/clightning-1/regtest/lightning-rpc
+          LND_GRPC_CERT: ./docker/regtest/data/lnd-3/tls.cert
+          LND_GRPC_MACAROON: ./docker/regtest/data/lnd-3/data/chain/bitcoin/regtest/admin.macaroon
+          CORELIGHTNING_RPC: ./docker/regtest/data/clightning-1/regtest/lightning-rpc
          CORELIGHTNING_REST_URL: https://localhost:3001
-          CORELIGHTNING_REST_MACAROON: ./docker/data/clightning-2-rest/access.macaroon
-          CORELIGHTNING_REST_CERT: ./docker/data/clightning-2-rest/certificate.pem
+          CORELIGHTNING_REST_MACAROON: ./docker/regtest/data/clightning-2-rest/access.macaroon
+          CORELIGHTNING_REST_CERT: ./docker/regtest/data/clightning-2-rest/certificate.pem
          LNBITS_ENDPOINT: http://localhost:5001
          LNBITS_KEY: "d08a3313322a4514af75d488bcc27eee"
          ECLAIR_URL: http://127.0.0.1:8082
@@ -67,6 +66,7 @@ jobs:
          BOLTZ_MNEMONIC: abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon about
          LNBITS_MAX_OUTGOING_PAYMENT_AMOUNT_SATS: 1000000000
          LNBITS_MAX_INCOMING_PAYMENT_AMOUNT_SATS: 1000000000
+          LNBITS_FUNDING_SOURCE_PAY_INVOICE_WAIT_SECONDS: ${{ inputs.backend-wallet-class == 'CoreLightningRestWallet' && 60 || 5 }}
          ECLAIR_PASS: lnbits
          PYTHONUNBUFFERED: 1
          DEBUG: true
@@ -12,8 +12,6 @@ jobs:

  release:
    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
-    outputs:
-      upload_url: ${{ steps.get_upload_url.outputs.upload_url }}
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Create github pre-release
@@ -22,17 +20,10 @@ jobs:
          tag: ${{ github.ref_name }}
        run: |
          gh release create "$tag" --prerelease --generate-notes --draft
-      - id: get_upload_url
-        name: Get upload url of Github release
-        env:
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          tag: ${{ github.ref_name }}
-        run: |
-          upload_url=$(gh release view "$tag" --json uploadUrl -q ".uploadUrl")
-          echo "upload_url=$upload_url" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"

  docker:
    if: github.repository == 'lnbits/lnbits'
+    needs: [ release ]
    uses: ./.github/workflows/docker.yml
    with:
      tag: ${{ github.ref_name }}
@@ -40,23 +31,36 @@ jobs:
      DOCKER_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}
      DOCKER_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}

+  docker-latest-rc:
+    if: github.repository == 'lnbits/lnbits'
+    needs: [ release ]
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/docker.yml
+    with:
+      tag: latest-rc
+    secrets:
+      DOCKER_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}
+      DOCKER_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}
+
  pypi:
    if: github.repository == 'lnbits/lnbits'
    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
    steps:
-      - name: Install dependencies for building secp256k1
-        run: |
-          sudo apt-get update
-          sudo apt-get install -y build-essential automake libtool libffi-dev libgmp-dev
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Build and publish to pypi
-        uses: JRubics/poetry-publish@v1.15
+      - name: Set up Python 3.10
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
        with:
-          pypi_token: ${{ secrets.PYPI_API_KEY }}
+          python-version: "3.10"
+      - name: Install uv
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+      - name: Build the project
+        run: uv build
+      - name: Publish to pypi
+        env:
+          UV_PUBLISH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.PYPI_API_KEY }}
+        run: uv publish

  appimage:
    needs: [ release ]
    uses: ./.github/workflows/appimage.yml
    with:
      tag_name: ${{ github.ref_name }}
-      upload_url: ${{ needs.release.outputs.upload_url }}
@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@ jobs:

  release:
    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
-    outputs:
-      upload_url: ${{ steps.get_upload_url.outputs.upload_url }}
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Create github release
@@ -23,14 +21,6 @@ jobs:
          tag: ${{ github.ref_name }}
        run: |
          gh release create "$tag" --generate-notes --draft
-      - id: get_upload_url
-        name: Get upload url of Github release
-        env:
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          tag: ${{ github.ref_name }}
-        run: |
-          upload_url=$(gh release view "$tag" --json uploadUrl -q ".uploadUrl")
-          echo "upload_url=$upload_url" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"

  docker:
    if: github.repository == 'lnbits/lnbits'
@@ -52,23 +42,36 @@ jobs:
      DOCKER_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}
      DOCKER_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}

+  docker-latest-rc:
+    if: github.repository == 'lnbits/lnbits'
+    needs: [ release ]
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/docker.yml
+    with:
+      tag: latest-rc
+    secrets:
+      DOCKER_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}
+      DOCKER_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}
+
  pypi:
    if: github.repository == 'lnbits/lnbits'
    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
    steps:
-      - name: Install dependencies for building secp256k1
-        run: |
-          sudo apt-get update
-          sudo apt-get install -y build-essential automake libtool libffi-dev libgmp-dev
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Build and publish to pypi
-        uses: JRubics/poetry-publish@v1.15
+      - name: Set up Python 3.10
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
        with:
-          pypi_token: ${{ secrets.PYPI_API_KEY }}
+          python-version: "3.10"
+      - name: Install uv
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+      - name: Build the project
+        run: uv build
+      - name: Publish to pypi
+        env:
+          UV_PUBLISH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.PYPI_API_KEY }}
+        run: uv publish

  appimage:
    needs: [ release ]
    uses: ./.github/workflows/appimage.yml
    with:
      tag_name: ${{ github.ref_name }}
-      upload_url: ${{ needs.release.outputs.upload_url }}
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ on:
        required: true
        type: string
      python-version:
-        default: "3.10"
+        default: "3.12"
        type: string
      os-version:
        default: "ubuntu-24.04"
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ __pycache__
 *$py.class
 .mypy_cache
 .vscode
+.codex
 *-lock.json
 .python-version

@@ -42,7 +43,6 @@ lnbits/static/bundle.min.js.old
 lnbits/static/bundle.min.css.old
 lnbits/static/bundle-components.min.js.old
 lnbits/upgrades
-docker

 # Nix
 *result*
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+min-release-age=7
@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ repos:
      - id: mixed-line-ending
      - id: check-case-conflict
  - repo: https://github.com/psf/black
-    rev: 25.1.0
+    rev: 26.3.1
    hooks:
      - id: black
  - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-    rev: v0.12.10
+    rev: v0.14.10
    hooks:
      - id: ruff
        args: [ --fix, --exit-non-zero-on-fix ]
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+# AGENTS.md - AI Coding Agent Guide for LNbits
+
+This file guides AI coding agents working on LNbits. Keep changes small, verified, and aligned with existing project patterns.
+
+## Core Behavior
+
+- Think before coding. State material assumptions. Ask when ambiguity affects correctness, security, payments, wallets, or data migrations.
+- Prefer the simplest implementation that solves the request.
+- Make surgical changes. Every changed line should trace back to the task.
+- Do not refactor, reformat, rename, or clean adjacent code unless required.
+- Remove only dead code or imports created by your own changes.
+- Define success criteria for non-trivial work and verify them before reporting done.
+
+## LNbits Architecture
+
+- Keep core lean. Prefer/assess extensions for non-core features.
+- Preserve compatibility with existing extensions and wallet backends.
+- Follow existing patterns in `lnbits/core`, `lnbits/wallets`, `lnbits/extensions`, and frontend code.
+- Use existing CRUD, services, settings, and migration patterns.
+- Do not edit generated files, bundled vendor files, or unrelated extension code.
+
+## Security-Sensitive Areas
+
+Be extra cautious with payments, wallet balances, admin routes, keys, LNURL, Bolt11, funding sources, migrations, and authentication.
+
+Do not expose raw stack traces or sensitive values. Do not add synchronous blocking work in hot async paths without justification.
+
+## Commands and Verification
+
+Read `Makefile` before running project commands.
+
+Use Makefile targets instead of hand-written commands when available:
+
+- `make check` for full checks.
+- `make test-unit` for unit tests.
+- `make test-api` for API tests.
+- `make test-wallets` for wallet tests.
+- `make checkbundle` when bundled frontend assets may be affected.
+- `make format` only when formatting is intended.
+
+Do not run `make test` by default. Use the targeted tests available in the Makefile that are related to the work done, unless the user explicitly asks for broader test coverage.
+
+## Dependencies
+
+Do not add dependencies without approval. If approved, update the correct project files and explain why the dependency is necessary.
+
+## Maintenance
+
+LNbits maintainers own this file. They should update it when the development workflow, architecture, or verification commands materially change.
+
+Do not edit, commit, push, or include changes to this file in a PR as part of normal feature work unless the user explicitly asks for `AGENTS.md` changes.
+
+## Reporting
+
+When finished, report:
+
+- Summary of what changed.
+- Files touched.
+- Makefile targets or checks run.
+- Anything not verified and why.
@@ -43,4 +43,4 @@ ENV LNBITS_HOST="0.0.0.0"

 EXPOSE 5000

-CMD ["sh", "-c", "uv run lnbits --port $LNBITS_PORT --host $LNBITS_HOST --forwarded-allow-ips='*'"]
+CMD ["sh", "-c", "uv --offline run --no-sync lnbits --port $LNBITS_PORT --host $LNBITS_HOST --forwarded-allow-ips='*'"]
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ test-regtest:
 	LNBITS_DATA_FOLDER="./tests/data" \
 	PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1 \
 	DEBUG=true \
+	rm -rf ./tests/data \
 	uv run pytest tests/regtest

 test-migration:
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 <a href="https://lnbits.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">
  <picture>
-    <source media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" srcset="https://i.imgur.com/QE6SIrs.png">
-    <img src="https://i.imgur.com/fyKPgVT.png" alt="LNbits" style="width:300px">
+    <source media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" srcset="docs/logos/lnbits-full-inverse.svg">
+    <img src="docs/logos/lnbits-full.svg" alt="LNbits" style="width:300px">
  </picture>
 </a>

-![phase: stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/phase-stable-2EA043) [![license-badge]](LICENSE) [![docs-badge]][docs] ![PRs: welcome](https://img.shields.io/badge/PRs-Welcome-yellow) [![explore: LNbits extensions](https://img.shields.io/badge/explore-LNbits%20extensions-10B981)](https://extensions.lnbits.com/) [![hardware: LNBitsShop](https://img.shields.io/badge/hardware-LNBitsShop-7C3AED)](https://shop.lnbits.com/) [<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/community_chat-Telegram-24A1DE">](https://t.me/lnbits) [<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/supported_by-%3E__OpenSats-f97316">](https://opensats.org)  
-<img width="2000" height="203" alt="lnbits_head" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/77669718-ac10-43c7-ae95-6ce236c77401" />  
+![phase: stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/phase-stable-2EA043) [![license-badge]](LICENSE) [![docs-badge]][docs] ![PRs: welcome](https://img.shields.io/badge/PRs-Welcome-yellow) [![explore: LNbits extensions](https://img.shields.io/badge/explore-LNbits%20extensions-10B981)](https://extensions.lnbits.com/) [![hardware: LNBitsShop](https://img.shields.io/badge/hardware-LNBitsShop-7C3AED)](https://shop.lnbits.com/) [<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/community_chat-Telegram-24A1DE">](https://t.me/lnbits)  
+<img alt="lnbits_head" src="docs/assets/header.jpg" />  
 [![tip-hero](https://img.shields.io/badge/TipJar-LNBits%20Hero-9b5cff?labelColor=6b7280&logo=lightning&logoColor=white)](https://demo.lnbits.com/tipjar/DwaUiE4kBX6mUW6pj3X5Kg)

 # LNbits — The most powerful Bitcoin & Lightning toolkit
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ Get yourself familiar and test on our demo server [demo.lnbits.com](https://demo

 LNbits is packaged with tools to help manage funds, such as a table of transactions, line chart of spending, export to csv. Each wallet also comes with its own API keys, to help partition the exposure of your funding source.

-<img src="https://i.imgur.com/w8jdGpF.png" style="width:800px">
+<img alt="lnbits_wallet" src="docs/assets/wallet.jpg" />

 ## LNbits extension universe

@@ -54,25 +54,25 @@ Extend YOUR LNbits to meet YOUR needs.

 All non-core features are installed as extensions, reducing your code base and making your LNbits unique to you. Extend your LNbits install in any direction, and even create and share your own extensions.

-<img src="https://i.imgur.com/aEBpwJF.png" style="width:800px">
+<img alt="lnbits_extensions" src="docs/assets/extensions.jpg" />

 ## LNbits API

 LNbits has a powerful API, many projects use LNbits to do the heavy lifting for their bitcoin/lightning services.

-<img src="https://i.imgur.com/V742sb9.png" style="width:800px">
+<img alt="lnbits_api" src="docs/assets/api.jpg" />

 ## LNbits node manager

 LNbits comes packaged with a light node management UI, to make running your node that much easier.

-<img src="https://i.imgur.com/TYqIK60.png" style="width:800px">
+<img alt="lnbits_api" src="docs/assets/lightning_node.jpg" />

-## LNbits across all your devices
+## LNbits merchant tools

-As well as working great in a browser, LNbits has native IoS and Android apps as well as a chrome extension. So you can enjoy the same UI across ALL your devices.
+The LNbits stack can process both bitcoin and fiat payments, making it a turnkey, all-in-one solution for merchants. With orders and inventory shared across extensions, and built-in notifications for Nostr, Telegram, and email, LNbits keeps everything in sync, freeing merchants to focus on their business.

-<img src="https://i.imgur.com/J96EbRf.png" style="width:800px">
+<img alt="lnbits_merchants" src="docs/assets/merchants_small.webp" />

 ## Powered by LNbits

@@ -14,11 +14,13 @@ ENV PATH="/root/.local/bin:$PATH"
 # Reinstall dependencies just in case (needed for CMD usage)
 RUN uv sync --all-extras

-# LNbits + boltzd configuration
+# LNbits
 ENV LNBITS_PORT="5000"
 ENV LNBITS_HOST="0.0.0.0"
 ENV LNBITS_BACKEND_WALLET_CLASS="BoltzWallet"
-ENV FUNDING_SOURCE_MAX_RETRIES=10
+ENV FUNDING_SOURCE_MAX_RETRIES="10"
+
+# Boltzd
 ENV BOLTZ_CLIENT_ENDPOINT="127.0.0.1:9002"
 ENV BOLTZ_CLIENT_MACAROON="/root/.boltz/macaroons/admin.macaroon"
 ENV BOLTZ_CLIENT_CERT="/root/.boltz/tls.cert"
@@ -26,8 +28,7 @@ ENV BOLTZ_CLIENT_WALLET="lnbits"

 EXPOSE 5000

-# Entrypoint to start boltzd and LNbits
-COPY dockerboltz.sh /dockerboltz.sh
-RUN chmod +x /dockerboltz.sh
+COPY entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh
+RUN chmod +x /entrypoint.sh

-CMD ["/dockerboltz.sh"]
+CMD ["/entrypoint.sh"]
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+!data
+data/*
+
+!data/boltz
+data/boltz/*
+!data/boltz/boltz.conf
+
+!data/boltz-client
+data/boltz-client/*
+!data/boltz-client/boltz.toml
+
+!data/boltz-nginx
+data/boltz-nginx/*
+!data/boltz-nginx/default.conf
+
+!data/eclair
+data/eclair/*
+!data/eclair/eclair.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+![TESTS](https://github.com/lnbits/legend-regtest-enviroment/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg)
+
+# nodes
+
+- lnd-1: for locally testing your current lnbits
+- lnd-2: used for boltz backend
+- lnd-3: used for lnbits inside docker
+- cln-1: for locally testing your current lnbits
+- cln-2: used for clightning-REST
+- eclair-1: for locally testing your current lnbits
+
+# Installing regtest
+
+get the regtest enviroment ready
+
+```sh
+# Install docker https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/
+# Make sure your user has permission to use docker 'sudo usermod -aG docker ${USER}' then reboot
+# Stop/start docker 'sudo systemctl stop docker' 'sudo systemctl start docker'
+
+sudo apt install jq
+git clone https://github.com/lnbits/lnbits.git
+cd lnbits
+docker build -t lnbits/lnbits .
+mkdir docker
+git clone https://github.com/lnbits/legend-regtest-enviroment.git docker
+cd docker
+chmod +x ./start-regtest
+./start-regtest # start the regtest and also run tests
+sudo chown -R $USER ./data # Give the data file permissions for user
+```
+
+# Running LNbits on regtest
+
+add this ENV variables to your `.env` file
+
+```sh
+DEBUG=true
+
+# LND
+LNBITS_BACKEND_WALLET_CLASS="LndRestWallet"
+LND_REST_ENDPOINT=https://127.0.0.1:8081/
+LND_REST_CERT=/home/user/repos/lnbits/docker/data/lnd-1/tls.cert
+LND_REST_MACAROON=/home/user/repos/lnbits/docker/data/lnd-1/data/chain/bitcoin/regtest/admin.macaroon
+
+# CLN
+LNBITS_BACKEND_WALLET_CLASS="CoreLightningWallet"
+CORELIGHTNING_RPC=./docker/data/clightning-1/regtest/lightning-rpc
+
+
+# Run LNbits
+uv run lnbits
+
+# Run LNbits with hot reload
+make dev
+```
+
+# testing
+
+```sh
+chmod +x ./start-regtest
+./start-regtest
+# short answer :)
+./start-regtest && echo "PASSED" || echo "FAILED" > /dev/null
+```
+
+usage of the `bitcoin-cli-sim`, `lightning-cli-sim` and `lncli-sim` aliases
+
+```sh
+cd ~/lnbits/docker
+source docker-scripts.sh
+# use bitcoin core, mine a block
+bitcoin-cli-sim -generate 1
+
+# use c-lightning nodes
+lightning-cli-sim 1 newaddr | jq -r '.bech32' # use node 1
+lightning-cli-sim 2 getinfo # use node 2
+lightning-cli-sim 3 getinfo # use node 3
+
+# use lnd nodes
+lncli-sim 1 newaddr p2wsh
+lncli-sim 2 listpeers
+```
+
+# urls
+
+- mempool: http://localhost:8080/
+- boltz api: http://localhost:9001/
+- lnd-1 rest: http://localhost:8081/
+- lnbits: http://localhost:5001/
+
+# debugging docker logs
+
+```sh
+docker logs lnbits-lnbits-1 -f
+docker logs lnbits-boltz-1 -f
+docker logs lnbits-clightning-1-1 -f
+docker logs lnbits-lnd-2-1 -f
+```
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+standalone = true
+network = "regtest"
+
+# Path the the log file
+logfile = ""
+
+electrumUrl = "electrs:19001"
+electrumLiquidUrl = "electrs-liquid:19002"
+
+[BOLTZ]
+# By default the daemon automatically connects to the official Boltz instance for the network LND is on
+# This value is used to override that
+url = "http://boltz-nginx:9001"
+
+[DATABASE]
+# Path to the SQLite database file
+# path = "/home/michael/test.db"
+
+[RPC]
+# Host of
+host = "0.0.0.0"
+
+# Port of the gRPC interface
+port = 9002
+
+# Whether the REST proxy for the gRPC interface should be disabled
+restDisabled = false
+
+# Host of the REST proxy
+restHost = "0.0.0.0"
+
+# Port of the REST proxy
+restPort = 9003
+
+# Path to the TLS cert for the gRPC and REST interface
+tlsCert = ""
+
+# Path to the TLS private key for the gRPC and REST interface
+tlsKey = ""
+noTls = true
+
+# Whether the macaroon authentication for the gRPC and REST interface should be disabled
+noMacaroons = true
+
+# Path to the admin macaroon for the gRPC and REST interface
+adminMacaroonPath = ""
+
+# Path to the read only macaroon for the gRPC and REST interface
+readOnlyMacaroonPath = ""
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+upstream boltz {
+    server boltz:9001;
+}
+
+upstream boltzr {
+    server boltz:9005;
+}
+
+upstream ws {
+    server boltz:9004;
+}
+
+server {
+    listen 9001;
+    listen [::]:9001;
+    server_name localhost;
+
+    add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*" always;
+    add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods 'GET, PATCH, DELETE, POST, OPTIONS' always;
+    add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers "*" always;
+
+    proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
+    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
+    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
+    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
+
+    if ($request_method = OPTIONS) {
+        return 204;
+    }
+
+    location /v2/ws {
+        proxy_pass http://ws/;
+        proxy_http_version 1.1;
+        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
+        proxy_set_header Connection "Upgrade";
+    }
+
+    location ~ ^/v2/(lightning|swap/rescue|swap/restore) {
+        proxy_pass http://boltzr;
+    }
+
+    location /streamswapstatus {
+        proxy_pass http://boltzr;
+    }
+
+    location / {
+        proxy_pass http://boltz;
+    }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+[api]
+host = "0.0.0.0"
+port = 9_001
+
+[grpc]
+host = "0.0.0.0"
+port = 9_000
+
+[postgres]
+host = "boltz-postgres"
+port = 5432
+database = "boltz"
+username = "boltz"
+password = "boltz"
+
+[sidecar]
+  [sidecar.grpc]
+  host = "127.0.0.1"
+  port = 9003
+
+  [sidecar.ws]
+  host = "0.0.0.0"
+  port = 9004
+
+  [sidecar.api]
+  host = "0.0.0.0"
+  port = 9005
+
+[swap]
+deferredClaimSymbols = ["BTC", "L-BTC"]
+
+[[pairs]]
+base = "BTC"
+quote = "BTC"
+rate = 1
+fee = 0.5
+swapInFee = 0.1
+maxSwapAmount = 40_294_967
+minSwapAmount = 50_000
+
+  [pairs.timeoutDelta]
+  chain = 1440
+  reverse = 1440
+  swapMinimal = 1440
+  swapMaximal = 2880
+  swapTaproot = 10080
+
+[[pairs]]
+base = "L-BTC"
+quote = "BTC"
+fee = 0.25
+swapInFee = 0.1
+rate = 1
+maxSwapAmount = 40_294_967
+minSwapAmount = 100
+
+  [pairs.submarineSwap]
+  minSwapAmount = 1_000
+  minBatchedAmount = 21
+
+  [pairs.chainSwap]
+  minSwapAmount = 25_000
+
+  [pairs.timeoutDelta]
+  chain = 1440
+  reverse = 1440
+  swapMinimal = 1440
+  swapMaximal = 2880
+  swapTaproot = 10080
+
+[[currencies]]
+symbol = "BTC"
+network = "bitcoinRegtest"
+minWalletBalance = 10_000_000
+minChannelBalance = 10_000_000
+maxSwapAmount = 40_294_967
+minSwapAmount = 10_000
+maxZeroConfAmount = 0
+
+  [currencies.chain]
+  # mempoolSpace = "http://mempool-web:8090/api"
+  host = "bitcoind"
+  zmqpubrawtx = "tcp://bitcoind:29000"
+  zmqpubrawblock = "tcp://bitcoind:29001"
+  port = 18_443
+  cookie = "/root/.bitcoin/regtest/.cookie"
+  feeFloor = 0.2
+
+  wallet = "lnbits"
+
+  [currencies.lnd]
+  host = "lnd-2"
+  port = 10_009
+  certpath = "/data/lnd/tls.cert"
+  macaroonpath = "/data/lnd/data/chain/bitcoin/regtest/admin.macaroon"
+
+
+[liquid]
+symbol = "L-BTC"
+network = "liquidRegtest"
+
+maxSwapAmount = 40_294_967
+minSwapAmount = 10_000
+maxZeroConfAmount = 40_294_967
+
+
+  [liquid.chain]
+  host = "elementsd"
+  port = 18884
+  cookie = "/root/.elements/liquidregtest/.cookie"
+  zmqpubrawtx = "tcp://elementsd:31000"
+  zmqpubhashblock = "tcp://elementsd:31002"
+
+  wallet = "lnbits"
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+eclair {
+  chain = "regtest"
+
+  api {
+    binding-ip = "0.0.0.0"
+    enabled = true
+    port = 8080
+    password = "lnbits"
+  }
+
+  bitcoind {
+    host = "bitcoind"
+    rpcport = 18443
+    auth = "safecookie"
+    cookie = "/root/.bitcoin/regtest/.cookie"
+
+    zmqblock = "tcp://bitcoind:29002"
+    zmqtx = "tcp://bitcoind:29000"
+  }
+
+  channel {
+    max-funding-satoshis = 10000000000
+  }
+
+  features {
+    option_support_large_channel = mandatory
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,434 @@
+services:
+
+  lnbits:
+    hostname: lnbits
+    depends_on:
+      - lnd-3
+    image: lnbits/lnbits
+    restart: on-failure
+    user: "0:0"
+    environment:
+      LNBITS_PORT: 5001
+      DEBUG: true
+      LNBITS_ADMIN_UI: false
+      LNBITS_BACKEND_WALLET_CLASS: "LndRestWallet"
+      LNBITS_DATA_FOLDER: "./data"
+      LND_REST_ENDPOINT: "https://lnd-3:8081/"
+      LND_REST_CERT: "./lnd/tls.cert"
+      LND_REST_MACAROON: "./lnd/data/chain/bitcoin/regtest/admin.macaroon"
+    ports:
+      - 5001:5001
+    volumes:
+      - lnbits-data:/app/data
+      - ./data/lnd-3:/app/lnd:uid=1000,gid=1000
+
+  boltz:
+    hostname: boltz
+    depends_on:
+      - lnd-2
+      - boltz-postgres
+    restart: always
+    image: boltz/boltz:v3.12.1
+    ports:
+      - 9000:9000
+    entrypoint: "sh -c 'sleep 30; /boltz-backend/bin/boltzd'"
+    volumes:
+      - ./data/lnd-2:/data/lnd/
+      - ./data/boltz/:/root/.boltz/
+      - elements-data:/root/.elements
+      - bitcoin-data:/root/.bitcoin
+
+  boltz-client:
+    hostname: boltz-client
+    depends_on:
+      - boltz
+    restart: always
+    image: boltz/boltz-client:latest
+    ports:
+      - 9002:9002
+      - 9003:9003
+    expose:
+      - 9002
+    healthcheck:
+      test: ['CMD', 'boltzcli', '--host', 'boltz-client', 'getinfo']
+      interval: 5s
+      timeout: 3s
+      retries: 10
+      start_period: 0s
+    volumes:
+      - elements-data:/root/.elements
+      - ./data/boltz-client:/root/.boltz
+
+  boltz-backend-nginx:
+    hostname: boltz-nginx
+    restart: always
+    image: nginx:latest
+    ports:
+      - 9001:9001
+    volumes:
+      - nginx-data:/etc/nginx/conf.d
+    healthcheck:
+      test: ['CMD-SHELL', 'curl http://localhost:9001/version']
+      timeout: 1s
+      retries: 10
+      interval: 1s
+      start_period: 0s
+
+  boltz-postgres:
+    hostname: boltz-postgres
+    restart: always
+    image: postgres:14-alpine
+    healthcheck:
+      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready --dbname boltz --username boltz"]
+      interval: 5s
+      timeout: 30s
+      retries: 10
+      start_period: 5s
+    environment:
+      - POSTGRES_DB=boltz
+      - POSTGRES_USER=boltz
+      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=boltz
+    expose:
+      - 5432
+
+  bitcoind:
+    hostname: bitcoind
+    image: boltz/bitcoin-core:25.0
+    command:
+      - -regtest
+      - -fallbackfee=0.00000253
+      - -zmqpubrawtx=tcp://0.0.0.0:29000
+      - -zmqpubrawblock=tcp://0.0.0.0:29001
+      - -zmqpubhashblock=tcp://0.0.0.0:29002
+      - -txindex
+      - -rpcallowip=0.0.0.0/0
+      - -rpcbind=0.0.0.0
+      - -addresstype=bech32
+      - -changetype=bech32
+      - -dbcache=2048
+      - -rpcworkqueue=256
+    volumes:
+      - bitcoin-data:/root/.bitcoin
+    expose:
+      - 29000
+      - 29001
+      - 29002
+      - 18443
+      - 18444
+    healthcheck:
+      test:
+        [
+          "CMD",
+          "bitcoin-cli",
+          "--rpccookiefile=/root/.bitcoin/regtest/.cookie",
+          "-regtest",
+          "getblockchaininfo",
+        ]
+      timeout: 1s
+      retries: 1
+      interval: 1s
+      start_period: 0s
+
+  clightning-1:
+    hostname: clightning-1
+    depends_on:
+      - bitcoind
+    image: boltz/c-lightning:24.11
+    command:
+      - --large-channels
+      - --network=regtest
+      - --grpc-port=9736
+      - --bind-addr=0.0.0.0:9735
+      - --bitcoin-rpcconnect=bitcoind
+      - --bitcoin-rpcport=18443
+      - --clnrest-host=0.0.0.0
+      - --clnrest-port=3010
+    expose:
+      - 9735
+    ports:
+      - 9736:9736
+      - 3010:3010
+    volumes:
+      - ./data/clightning-1:/root/.lightning/
+      - bitcoin-data:/root/.bitcoin
+
+  clightning-2:
+    hostname: clightning-2
+    depends_on:
+      - bitcoind
+    image: boltz/c-lightning:22.11.1
+    command:
+      - --large-channels
+      - --network=regtest
+      - --grpc-port=9737
+      - --bind-addr=0.0.0.0:9735
+      - --bitcoin-rpcconnect=bitcoind
+      - --bitcoin-rpcport=18443
+    expose:
+      - 9735
+    ports:
+      - 9737:9737
+    volumes:
+      - ./data/clightning-2:/root/.lightning/
+      - bitcoin-data:/root/.bitcoin
+
+  clightning-2-rest:
+    hostname: clightning-2-rest
+    depends_on:
+      - clightning-2
+    image: saubyk/c-lightning-rest:0.10.7
+    entrypoint: "sh -c 'sleep 35 && /sbin/tini -g -- ./docker-entrypoint.sh'"
+    ports:
+      - 3001:3001
+    expose:
+      - 3001
+    volumes:
+      - ./data/clightning-2:/root/.lightning/:uid=1000,gid=1000
+      - ./data/clightning-2-rest:/usr/src/app/certs/
+      - bitcoin-data:/root/.bitcoin
+
+  clightning-3:
+    hostname: clightning-3
+    depends_on:
+      - bitcoind
+    image: boltz/c-lightning:24.11
+    command:
+      - --large-channels
+      - --network=regtest
+      - --grpc-port=9738
+      - --bind-addr=0.0.0.0:9735
+      - --bitcoin-rpcconnect=bitcoind
+      - --bitcoin-rpcport=18443
+    expose:
+      - 9735
+    ports:
+      - 9738:9738
+    volumes:
+      - ./data/clightning-3:/root/.lightning/
+      - bitcoin-data:/root/.bitcoin
+
+  lnd-1:
+    hostname: lnd-1
+    depends_on:
+      - bitcoind
+    image: boltz/lnd:0.18.4-beta
+    restart: on-failure
+    command:
+      - --listen=lnd-1:9735
+      - --rpclisten=lnd-1:10009
+      - --restlisten=lnd-1:8081
+      - --bitcoin.active
+      - --bitcoin.regtest
+      - --bitcoin.node=bitcoind
+      - --bitcoind.rpchost=bitcoind
+      - --bitcoind.rpccookie=/root/.bitcoin/regtest/.cookie
+      - --bitcoind.zmqpubrawtx=bitcoind:29000
+      - --bitcoind.zmqpubrawblock=bitcoind:29001
+      - --noseedbackup
+      - --protocol.wumbo-channels
+    expose:
+      - 8081
+      - 9735
+      - 10009
+    volumes:
+      - ./data/lnd-1:/root/.lnd/
+      - bitcoin-data:/root/.bitcoin
+
+  lnd-2:
+    hostname: lnd-2
+    depends_on:
+      - bitcoind
+    image: boltz/lnd:0.19.3-beta
+    restart: on-failure
+    command:
+      - --listen=lnd-2:9735
+      - --rpclisten=lnd-2:10009
+      - --restlisten=lnd-2:8081
+      - --bitcoin.active
+      - --bitcoin.regtest
+      - --bitcoin.node=bitcoind
+      - --bitcoind.rpchost=bitcoind
+      - --bitcoind.rpccookie=/root/.bitcoin/regtest/.cookie
+      - --bitcoind.zmqpubrawtx=bitcoind:29000
+      - --bitcoind.zmqpubrawblock=bitcoind:29001
+      - --noseedbackup
+      - --protocol.wumbo-channels
+    expose:
+      - 8081
+      - 9735
+      - 10009
+    volumes:
+      - ./data/lnd-2:/root/.lnd/
+      - bitcoin-data:/root/.bitcoin
+
+  lnd-3:
+    hostname: lnd-3
+    depends_on:
+      - bitcoind
+    image: boltz/lnd:0.18.4-beta
+    restart: on-failure
+    command:
+      - --listen=lnd-3:9735
+      - --rpclisten=lnd-3:10009
+      - --restlisten=lnd-3:8081
+      - --bitcoin.active
+      - --bitcoin.regtest
+      - --bitcoin.node=bitcoind
+      - --bitcoind.rpchost=bitcoind
+      - --bitcoind.rpccookie=/root/.bitcoin/regtest/.cookie
+      - --bitcoind.zmqpubrawtx=bitcoind:29000
+      - --bitcoind.zmqpubrawblock=bitcoind:29001
+      - --noseedbackup
+      - --protocol.wumbo-channels
+    ports:
+      - 8081:8081
+      - 10009:10009
+    expose:
+      - 8081
+      - 9735
+      - 10009
+    volumes:
+      - ./data/lnd-3:/root/.lnd/
+      - bitcoin-data:/root/.bitcoin
+
+  lnd-4:
+    hostname: lnd-4
+    depends_on:
+      - bitcoind
+    image: boltz/lnd:0.18.4-beta
+    restart: on-failure
+    command:
+      - --listen=lnd-4:9735
+      - --rpclisten=lnd-4:10009
+      - --restlisten=lnd-4:8081
+      - --bitcoin.active
+      - --bitcoin.regtest
+      - --bitcoin.node=bitcoind
+      - --bitcoind.rpchost=bitcoind
+      - --bitcoind.rpccookie=/root/.bitcoin/regtest/.cookie
+      - --bitcoind.zmqpubrawtx=bitcoind:29000
+      - --bitcoind.zmqpubrawblock=bitcoind:29001
+      - --noseedbackup
+      - --protocol.wumbo-channels
+    expose:
+      - 8081
+      - 9735
+      - 10009
+    volumes:
+      - ./data/lnd-4:/root/.lnd/
+      - bitcoin-data:/root/.bitcoin
+
+  eclair:
+    hostname: eclair
+    depends_on:
+      - bitcoind
+    image: boltz/eclair:0.8.0
+    restart: on-failure
+    entrypoint: "sh -c 'JAVA_OPTS=-Xmx512m /eclair-node/bin/eclair-node.sh -Declair.datadir=/root/eclair -Declair.printToConsole'"
+    ports:
+      - 8082:8080
+    expose:
+      - 9735
+      - 8080
+    volumes:
+      - ./data/eclair:/root/eclair
+      - bitcoin-data:/root/.bitcoin
+
+  electrs:
+    hostname: electrs
+    restart: always
+    image: boltz/electrs:latest
+    entrypoint: ["electrs-bitcoin"]
+    command:
+      - --electrum-rpc-addr
+      - electrs:19001
+      - --http-addr
+      - electrs:3002
+      - --daemon-rpc-addr
+      - bitcoind:18443
+      - --network
+      - regtest
+      - --jsonrpc-import
+    healthcheck:
+      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "curl -s $(hostname):3002/blocks/tip/height"]
+      timeout: 1s
+      retries: 20
+      interval: 2s
+      start_period: 5s
+    ports:
+      - 19001:19001
+      - 3002:3002
+    volumes:
+      - bitcoin-data:/root/.bitcoin
+
+  elementsd:
+    hostname: elementsd
+    restart: always
+    image: boltz/elements:latest
+    expose:
+      - 31001
+    ports:
+      - 31000:31000
+      - 31002:31002
+      - 18884:18884
+    command:
+    - -chain=liquidregtest
+    - -txindex=1
+    - -rest=1
+    - -server=1
+    - -rpcallowip=0.0.0.0/0
+    - -validatepegin=0
+    - -initialfreecoins=2100000000000000
+    - -fallbackfee=0.000001
+    - -rpcbind=0.0.0.0
+    - -rpcport=18884
+    - -zmqpubrawtx=tcp://0.0.0.0:31000
+    - -zmqpubrawblock=tcp://0.0.0.0:31001
+    - -zmqpubhashblock=tcp://0.0.0.0:31002
+    - -acceptdiscountct=1
+    - -creatediscountct=1
+    volumes:
+      - elements-data:/root/.elements
+
+  electrs-liquid:
+    hostname: electrs-liquid
+    restart: always
+    image: boltz/electrs:latest
+    entrypoint: ["electrs-liquid"]
+    command:
+      - --electrum-rpc-addr
+      - electrs-liquid:19002
+      - --http-addr
+      - electrs-liquid:3003
+      - --daemon-rpc-addr
+      - elementsd:18884
+      - --daemon-dir
+      - /root/.elements
+      - --network
+      - liquidregtest
+      - --parent-network
+      - regtest
+      - --jsonrpc-import
+    healthcheck:
+      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "curl -s $(hostname):3003/blocks/tip/height"]
+      timeout: 15s
+      retries: 20
+      interval: 2s
+      start_period: 5s
+    ports:
+      - 19002:19002
+      - 3003:3003
+    volumes:
+      - elements-data:/root/.elements
+
+volumes:
+  lnbits-data:
+  bitcoin-data:
+  elements-data:
+  nginx-data:
+    name: nginx-data
+    driver: local
+    driver_opts:
+      type: none
+      o: bind
+      device: ./data/boltz-nginx/
@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+export COMPOSE_PROJECT_NAME=lnbits
+
+boltzcli-sim() {
+  docker exec -it lnbits-boltz-client-1 boltzcli "$@"
+}
+
+bitcoin-cli-sim() {
+  docker exec lnbits-bitcoind-1 bitcoin-cli -regtest "$@"
+}
+
+elements-cli-sim() {
+  docker exec lnbits-elementsd-1 elements-cli -rpcport=18884 -chain=liquidregtest "$@"
+}
+
+# args(i, cmd)
+lightning-cli-sim() {
+  i=$1
+  shift # shift first argument so we can use $@
+  docker exec lnbits-clightning-$i-1 lightning-cli --network regtest "$@"
+}
+
+# args(i, cmd)
+lncli-sim() {
+  i=$1
+  shift # shift first argument so we can use $@
+  docker exec lnbits-lnd-$i-1 lncli --network regtest --rpcserver=lnd-$i:10009 "$@"
+}
+
+get-eclair-pubkey() {
+  while true; do
+    pubkey=$(docker exec lnbits-eclair-1 curl http://localhost:8080/getinfo -X POST -s -u :lnbits | jq -r .nodeId 2> /dev/null)
+    pubkeyPrefix=$(echo $pubkey | cut -c1,2)
+    if [[ "$pubkeyPrefix" == "02" || "$pubkeyPrefix" == "03" ]]; then
+      echo $pubkey
+      break
+    fi
+    sleep 1
+  done
+}
+
+wait-for-eclair-channel() {
+  while true; do
+    state=$(docker exec lnbits-eclair-1 curl http://localhost:8080/channels -X POST -s -u :lnbits | jq -r ".[0].state")
+    pending=$(docker exec lnbits-eclair-1 curl -s http://localhost:8080/channels -X POST -u :lnbits| jq '. | length')
+    echo "eclair-1 pendingchannels: $pending, current state: $state"
+    if [[ "$state" == "NORMAL" ]]; then
+      break
+    fi
+    sleep 1
+  done
+}
+
+# args(i)
+fund_boltz_client() {
+  # first address of seed: abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon about
+  address="el1qq2xvpcvfup5j8zscjq05u2wxxjcyewk7979f3mmz5l7uw5pqmx6xf5xy50hsn6vhkm5euwt72x878eq6zxx2z0z676mna6kdq"
+  echo "funding: $address on boltz-client"
+  elements-cli-sim -named sendtoaddress address=$address amount=30 fee_rate=100 > /dev/null
+}
+
+
+# args(i)
+fund_clightning_node() {
+  address=$(lightning-cli-sim $1 newaddr | jq -r .bech32)
+  echo "funding: $address on clightning-node: $1"
+  bitcoin-cli-sim -named sendtoaddress address=$address amount=30 fee_rate=100 > /dev/null
+}
+
+# args(i)
+fund_lnd_node() {
+  address=$(lncli-sim $1 newaddress p2wkh | jq -r .address)
+  echo "funding: $address on lnd-node: $1"
+  bitcoin-cli-sim -named sendtoaddress address=$address amount=30 fee_rate=100 > /dev/null
+}
+
+# args(i, j)
+connect_clightning_node() {
+  pubkey=$(lightning-cli-sim $2 getinfo | jq -r '.id')
+  lightning-cli-sim $1 connect $pubkey@lnbits-clightning-$2-1:9735 | jq -r '.id'
+}
+
+lnbits-regtest-start(){
+  if ! command -v jq &> /dev/null
+  then
+      echo "jq is not installed"
+      exit
+  fi
+  if ! command -v docker &> /dev/null
+  then
+      echo "docker is not installed"
+      exit
+  fi
+  if ! command -v docker version &> /dev/null
+  then
+      echo "dockerd is not running"
+      exit
+  fi
+  lnbits-regtest-stop
+  docker compose up -d --remove-orphans
+  lnbits-regtest-init
+}
+
+lnbits-regtest-start-log(){
+  lnbits-regtest-stop
+  docker compose up --remove-orphans
+  lnbits-regtest-init
+}
+
+lnbits-regtest-stop(){
+  docker compose down --volumes
+  # clean up lightning node data
+  sudo rm -rf ./data/clightning-1 ./data/clightning-2 ./data/clightning-3 ./data/lnd-1  ./data/lnd-2 ./data/lnd-3 ./data/lnd-4 ./data/boltz/boltz.db ./data/eclair/regtest ./data/boltz-client/liquid-wallet ./data/boltz-client/bitcoin-wallet ./data/boltz-client/wallet ./data/boltz-client/boltz.db
+  # recreate lightning node data folders preventing permission errors
+  mkdir ./data/clightning-1 ./data/clightning-2 ./data/clightning-3 ./data/lnd-1 ./data/lnd-2 ./data/lnd-3 ./data/lnd-4
+}
+
+lnbits-regtest-restart(){
+  lnbits-regtest-stop
+  lnbits-regtest-start
+}
+
+boltz-client-init(){
+  for i in 0 1 2; do
+    fund_boltz_client
+  done
+  elements-cli-sim -generate 3 > /dev/null
+}
+
+lnbits-bitcoin-init(){
+  echo "init_bitcoin_wallet..."
+  bitcoin-cli-sim createwallet lnbits || bitcoin-cli-sim loadwallet lnbits
+  echo "mining 150 blocks..."
+  bitcoin-cli-sim -generate 150 > /dev/null
+}
+
+lnbits-elements-init(){
+  echo "init_elements_wallet..."
+  elements-cli-sim createwallet lnbits || elements-cli-sim loadwallet lnbits
+  echo "mining 150 blocks..."
+  elements-cli-sim -generate 150 > /dev/null
+  elements-cli-sim rescanblockchain
+}
+
+lnbits-init(){
+  echo "init_lnbits..."
+  docker exec lnbits-lnbits-1 uv run python tools/create_fake_admin.py
+}
+
+lnbits-regtest-init(){
+  lnbits-bitcoin-init
+  lnbits-elements-init
+  lnbits-lightning-sync
+  lnbits-lightning-init
+  boltz-client-init
+  lnbits-init
+}
+
+lnbits-lightning-sync(){
+  wait-for-clightning-sync 1
+  wait-for-clightning-sync 2
+  wait-for-clightning-sync 3
+  wait-for-lnd-sync 1
+  wait-for-lnd-sync 2
+  wait-for-lnd-sync 3
+  wait-for-lnd-sync 4
+}
+
+lnbits-lightning-init(){
+
+  # create 10 UTXOs for each node
+  for i in 0 1 2; do
+    fund_clightning_node 1
+    fund_clightning_node 2
+    fund_clightning_node 3
+    fund_lnd_node 1
+    fund_lnd_node 2
+    fund_lnd_node 3
+    fund_lnd_node 4
+  done
+
+  echo "mining 3 blocks..."
+  bitcoin-cli-sim -generate 3 > /dev/null
+
+  lnbits-lightning-sync
+
+  channel_confirms=6
+  channel_size=24000000 # 0.024 btc
+  balance_size=12000000 # 0.12 btc
+  balance_size_msat=12000000000 # 0.12 btc
+
+  # lnd-1 -> lnd-2
+  lncli-sim 1 connect $(lncli-sim 2 getinfo | jq -r '.identity_pubkey')@lnbits-lnd-2-1 > /dev/null
+  echo "open channel from lnd-1 to lnd-2"
+  lncli-sim 1 openchannel $(lncli-sim 2 getinfo | jq -r '.identity_pubkey') $channel_size $balance_size > /dev/null
+  bitcoin-cli-sim -generate $channel_confirms > /dev/null
+  wait-for-lnd-channel 1
+
+  # lnd-1 -> lnd-3
+  lncli-sim 1 connect $(lncli-sim 3 getinfo | jq -r '.identity_pubkey')@lnbits-lnd-3-1 > /dev/null
+  echo "open channel from lnd-1 to lnd-3"
+  lncli-sim 1 openchannel $(lncli-sim 3 getinfo | jq -r '.identity_pubkey') $channel_size $balance_size > /dev/null
+  bitcoin-cli-sim -generate $channel_confirms > /dev/null
+  wait-for-lnd-channel 1
+
+  # lnd-1 -> cln-1
+  lncli-sim 1 connect $(lightning-cli-sim 1 getinfo | jq -r '.id')@lnbits-clightning-1-1 > /dev/null
+  echo "open channel from lnd-1 to cln-1"
+  lncli-sim 1 openchannel $(lightning-cli-sim 1 getinfo | jq -r '.id') $channel_size $balance_size > /dev/null
+  bitcoin-cli-sim -generate $channel_confirms > /dev/null
+  wait-for-lnd-channel 1
+
+  # lnd-1 -> cln-2
+  lncli-sim 1 connect $(lightning-cli-sim 2 getinfo | jq -r '.id')@lnbits-clightning-2-1 > /dev/null
+  echo "open channel from lnd-1 to cln-2"
+  lncli-sim 1 openchannel $(lightning-cli-sim 2 getinfo | jq -r '.id') $channel_size $balance_size > /dev/null
+  bitcoin-cli-sim -generate $channel_confirms > /dev/null
+  wait-for-lnd-channel 1
+
+  # lnd-1 -> cln-3
+  lncli-sim 1 connect $(lightning-cli-sim 3 getinfo | jq -r '.id')@lnbits-clightning-3-1 > /dev/null
+  echo "open channel from lnd-1 to cln-3"
+  lncli-sim 1 openchannel $(lightning-cli-sim 3 getinfo | jq -r '.id') $channel_size $balance_size > /dev/null
+  bitcoin-cli-sim -generate $channel_confirms > /dev/null
+  wait-for-lnd-channel 1
+
+  # lnd-2 -> cln-2
+  lncli-sim 2 connect $(lightning-cli-sim 2 getinfo | jq -r '.id')@lnbits-clightning-2-1 > /dev/null
+  echo "open channel from lnd-2 to cln-2"
+  lncli-sim 2 openchannel $(lightning-cli-sim 2 getinfo | jq -r '.id') $channel_size $balance_size > /dev/null
+  bitcoin-cli-sim -generate $channel_confirms > /dev/null
+  wait-for-lnd-channel 2
+
+  # lnd-3 -> cln-3
+  lncli-sim 3 connect $(lightning-cli-sim 3 getinfo | jq -r '.id')@lnbits-clightning-3-1 > /dev/null
+  echo "open channel from lnd-3 to cln-1"
+  lncli-sim 3 openchannel $(lightning-cli-sim 3 getinfo | jq -r '.id') $channel_size $balance_size > /dev/null
+  bitcoin-cli-sim -generate $channel_confirms > /dev/null
+  wait-for-lnd-channel 3
+
+  # lnd-3 -> cln-1
+  lncli-sim 3 connect $(lightning-cli-sim 1 getinfo | jq -r '.id')@lnbits-clightning-1-1 > /dev/null
+  echo "open channel from lnd-3 to cln-1"
+  lncli-sim 3 openchannel $(lightning-cli-sim 1 getinfo | jq -r '.id') $channel_size $balance_size > /dev/null
+  bitcoin-cli-sim -generate $channel_confirms > /dev/null
+  wait-for-lnd-channel 3
+
+  # lnd-1 -> eclair-1
+  lncli-sim 1 connect $(get-eclair-pubkey)@lnbits-eclair-1 > /dev/null
+  echo "open channel from lnd-2 to eclair-1"
+  lncli-sim 1 openchannel $(get-eclair-pubkey) $channel_size $balance_size > /dev/null
+  bitcoin-cli-sim -generate $channel_confirms > /dev/null
+  wait-for-lnd-channel 1
+
+  # lnd-2 -> eclair-1
+  lncli-sim 2 connect $(get-eclair-pubkey)@lnbits-eclair-1 > /dev/null
+  echo "open channel from lnd-2 to eclair-1"
+  lncli-sim 2 openchannel $(get-eclair-pubkey) $channel_size $balance_size > /dev/null
+  bitcoin-cli-sim -generate $channel_confirms > /dev/null
+  wait-for-lnd-channel 2
+
+  wait-for-clightning-channel 1
+  wait-for-clightning-channel 2
+  wait-for-clightning-channel 3
+
+  wait-for-eclair-channel
+
+  lnbits-lightning-sync
+
+}
+
+wait-for-lnd-channel(){
+  while true; do
+    pending=$(lncli-sim $1 pendingchannels | jq -r '.pending_open_channels | length')
+    echo "lnd-$1 pendingchannels: $pending"
+    if [[ "$pending" == "0" ]]; then
+      break
+    fi
+    sleep 1
+  done
+}
+
+wait-for-lnd-sync(){
+  while true; do
+    if [[ "$(lncli-sim $1 getinfo 2>&1 | jq -r '.synced_to_chain' 2> /dev/null)" == "true" ]]; then
+      echo "lnd-$1 is synced!"
+      break
+    fi
+    echo "waiting for lnd-$1 to sync..."
+    sleep 1
+  done
+}
+
+wait-for-clightning-channel(){
+  while true; do
+    pending=$(lightning-cli-sim $1 getinfo | jq -r '.num_pending_channels | length')
+    echo "cln-$1 pendingchannels: $pending"
+    if [[ "$pending" == "0" ]]; then
+      if [[ "$(lightning-cli-sim $1 getinfo 2>&1 | jq -r '.warning_bitcoind_sync' 2> /dev/null)" == "null" ]]; then
+        if [[ "$(lightning-cli-sim $1 getinfo 2>&1 | jq -r '.warning_lightningd_sync' 2> /dev/null)" == "null" ]]; then
+          break
+        fi
+      fi
+    fi
+    sleep 1
+  done
+}
+
+wait-for-clightning-sync(){
+  while true; do
+    if [[ ! "$(lightning-cli-sim $1 getinfo 2>&1 | jq -r '.id' 2> /dev/null)" == "null" ]]; then
+      if [[ "$(lightning-cli-sim $1 getinfo 2>&1 | jq -r '.warning_bitcoind_sync' 2> /dev/null)" == "null" ]]; then
+        if [[ "$(lightning-cli-sim $1 getinfo 2>&1 | jq -r '.warning_lightningd_sync' 2> /dev/null)" == "null" ]]; then
+          echo "cln-$1 is synced!"
+          break
+        fi
+      fi
+    fi
+    echo "waiting for cln-$1 to sync..."
+    sleep 1
+  done
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+print_success() {
+  printf "\033[;1;32mPASSED\033[;0m $1\n"
+}
+
+print_error() {
+  printf "\033[;1;31mFAILED\033[;0m $1\n"
+}
+
+run(){
+  label=$1
+  value=$2
+  cmd=$3
+  if [[ "$cmd" == "$value" ]]; then
+    print_success "$label is $cmd"
+  else
+    print_error "$label is $cmd, should be $value"
+    failed="true"
+  fi
+}
+
+failed="false"
+blockheight=213
+utxos=3
+channel_size=24000000 # 0.024 btc
+balance_size=12000000 # 0.012 btc
+
+source $(pwd)/docker-scripts.sh
+lnbits-regtest-start
+echo "=================================="
+printf "\033[;1;36mregtest started! starting tests...\033[;0m\n"
+echo "=================================="
+echo ""
+
+for i in 1 2 3; do
+  run "lnd-$i .synced_to_chain" "true" $(lncli-sim $i getinfo | jq -r ".synced_to_chain")
+  run "lnd-$i utxo count" $utxos $(lncli-sim $i listunspent | jq -r ".utxos | length")
+  run "lnd-$i .block_height" $blockheight $(lncli-sim $i getinfo | jq -r ".block_height")
+  if [[ "$i" == "1" ]]; then
+    channel_count=6
+  else
+    channel_count=3
+  fi
+  run "lnd-$i openchannels" $channel_count $(lncli-sim $i listchannels | jq -r ".channels | length")
+  run "lnd-$i .channels[0].capacity" $channel_size $(lncli-sim $i listchannels | jq -r ".channels[0].capacity")
+  run "lnd-$i .channels[0].push_amount_sat" $balance_size $(lncli-sim $i listchannels | jq -r ".channels[0].push_amount_sat")
+done
+for i in 1 2 3; do
+  # run "cln-$i blockheight" $blockheight $(lightning-cli-sim $i getinfo | jq -r ".blockheight")
+  run "cln-$i utxo count" $utxos $(lightning-cli-sim $i listfunds | jq -r ".outputs | length")
+  run "cln-$i openchannels" 2 $(lightning-cli-sim $i getinfo | jq -r ".num_active_channels")
+  run "cln-$i channel[0].state" "CHANNELD_NORMAL" $(lightning-cli-sim $i listfunds | jq -r ".channels[0].state")
+  run "cln-$i channel[0].amount_msat" $(($channel_size * 1000)) $(lightning-cli-sim $i listfunds | jq -r ".channels[0].amount_msat" | sed 's/msat//g')
+  run "cln-$i channel[0].our_amount_msat" $(($balance_size * 1000)) $(lightning-cli-sim $i listfunds | jq -r ".channels[0].our_amount_msat" | sed 's/msat//g')
+done
+
+run "eclair-1 openchannels" 2 $(docker exec lnbits-eclair-1 curl -s http://localhost:8080/channels -X POST -u :lnbits| jq '. | length')
+run "eclair-1 blockHeight" $blockheight $(docker exec lnbits-eclair-1 curl -s http://localhost:8080/getinfo -X POST -u :lnbits| jq '.blockHeight')
+run "lnbits service status" "200" $(curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" "http://localhost:5001/")
+run "boltz service status" "200" $(curl -s -o /dev/null --head -w "%{http_code}" "http://localhost:9001/version")
+
+# return non-zero exit code if a test fails
+if [[ "$failed" == "true" ]]; then
+  echo ""
+  echo "=================================="
+  print_error "one more more tests failed"
+  echo "=================================="
+  exit 1
+else
+  echo ""
+  echo "=================================="
+  print_success "all tests passed! yay!"
+  echo "=================================="
+fi
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+ARG LNBITS_TAG=latest
+
+FROM lnbits/lnbits:${LNBITS_TAG}
+
+RUN curl -fsSL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_lts.x | bash -
+
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get -y upgrade
+RUN apt-get install -y ca-certificates curl gnupg netcat-openbsd git nodejs
+
+RUN curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh
+ENV PATH="/root/.local/bin:$PATH"
+
+# install sparksidecar
+RUN git clone https://github.com/lnbits/spark_sidecar
+RUN cd spark_sidecar && npm ci
+
+# Reinstall dependencies for lnbits just in case (needed for CMD usage)
+RUN uv sync --all-extras
+
+# LNBITS
+ENV LNBITS_PORT="5000"
+ENV LNBITS_HOST="0.0.0.0"
+ENV LNBITS_BACKEND_WALLET_CLASS="SparkL2Wallet"
+ENV LNBITS_RESERVE_FEE_MIN="20000"
+ENV LNBITS_RESERVE_FEE_PERCENT="1"
+ENV LNBITS_FUNDING_SOURCE_PAY_INVOICE_WAIT_SECONDS="20"
+ENV FUNDING_SOURCE_MAX_RETRIES="10"
+
+# spark sidecar
+ENV SPARK_NETWORK="MAINNET"
+ENV SPARK_SIDECAR_PORT="8765"
+ENV SPARK_PAY_WAIT_MS="20000"
+ENV SPARK_MULTIPLICITY="3"
+
+EXPOSE 5000
+
+COPY entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh
+RUN chmod +x /entrypoint.sh
+
+# Entrypoint to start sparksidebar and LNbits
+CMD ["/entrypoint.sh"]
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -e
+
+node spark_sidecar/server.mjs &
+
+SIDECAR_PID=$!
+
+# Wait for startup
+for i in {1..10}; do
+  if nc -z localhost $SPARK_SIDECAR_PORT; then
+    echo "sparksidebar is up!"
+    break
+  fi
+  echo "Waiting for sparksidebar to start..."
+  sleep 1
+done
+
+# Optional: check if still not up
+if ! nc -z localhost $SPARK_SIDECAR_PORT; then
+  echo "sparksidebar did not start successfully."
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+echo "Starting LNbits on $LNBITS_HOST:$LNBITS_PORT..."
+exec uv run lnbits --port "$LNBITS_PORT" --host "$LNBITS_HOST" --forwarded-allow-ips='*'
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ nav_order: 1
 ![phase: stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/phase-stable-2EA043)
 ![PRs: welcome](https://img.shields.io/badge/PRs-Welcome-yellow)
 [<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/community_chat-Telegram-24A1DE">](https://t.me/lnbits)
-[<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/supported_by-%3E__OpenSats-f97316">](https://opensats.org)

 # LNBits Admin UI

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ nav_order: 1
 ![phase: stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/phase-stable-2EA043)
 ![PRs: welcome](https://img.shields.io/badge/PRs-Welcome-yellow)
 [<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/community_chat-Telegram-24A1DE">](https://t.me/lnbits)
-[<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/supported_by-%3E__OpenSats-f97316">](https://opensats.org)

 # Backend Wallet Comparison Table

@@ -50,6 +49,7 @@ Below is a side-by-side comparison of Lightning funding sources you can use with
 | **Blink**                      | Custodial                | ✅                  | Low                            | ❌                        | Low               | Provider-managed         | Easy              | Low                    | Transaction fees apply                       | Medium          | Third-party service; focuses on mobile integrations.                                       |
 | **ZBD**                        | Custodial                | ✅                  | Low                            | ❌                        | Low               | Provider-managed         | Easy              | Low                    | Transaction fees apply                       | Medium          | Gaming-focused payment platform.                                                           |
 | **Spark (CLN)**                | Self-custodial           | ❌                  | Higher                         | ✅                        | High              | Manual                   | Moderate          | High                   | Infrastructure cost and channel opening fees | High            | Web interface for CLN; requires Spark server setup.                                        |
+| **Spark (L2)**                 | Self-custodial           | ❌                  | Medium                         | ❌                        | High              | Automatic                | Easy              | Low                    | Minimal fees                                 | Medium          | Runs via Spark sidecar; seed-based self-custody.                                           |
 | **Cliche Wallet**              | Self-custodial           | ❌                  | Medium                         | ❌                        | Medium            | Manual                   | Moderate          | Moderate               | Minimal fees                                 | Medium          | Lightweight wallet; suitable for embedded systems.                                         |
 | **Strike**                     | Custodial                | ✅                  | Low                            | ❌                        | Low               | Provider-managed         | Easy              | Low                    | Transaction fees apply                       | Medium          | Third-party service; suitable for quick setups.                                            |
 | **LNPay**                      | Custodial                | ✅                  | Low                            | ❌                        | Low               | Provider-managed         | Easy              | Low                    | Transaction fees apply                       | Medium          | Third-party service; suitable for quick setups.                                            |
@@ -57,7 +57,9 @@ Below is a side-by-side comparison of Lightning funding sources you can use with
 | **LN.tips**                    | Custodial/Self-Custodial | Depends on provider | Medium                         | ❌                        | Low               | Provider-managed         | Moderate          | Low                    | Transaction fees may apply                   | Medium          | Simple hosted service; use LN.tips API as your backend.                                    |
 | **Fake Wallet**                | Testing (simulated)      | ❌                  | Low                            | ❌                        | N/A               | N/A                      | Easy              | Low                    | None (test only)                             | N/A             | For testing only; mints accounting units in LNbits (no real sats, unit name configurable). |

---
+## Spark (L2)
+
+Spark L2 uses a local Node.js sidecar to expose an HTTP API that LNbits can use as a funding source. It is self-custodial and secured by a standard mnemonic seed. Sidecar repo `https://github.com/lnbits/spark_sidecar`.

 ### Notes for readers

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ nav_order: 1
  </picture>
 </a>

-![phase: stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/phase-stable-2EA043) ![License: MIT](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-blue) ![PRs: welcome](https://img.shields.io/badge/PRs-Welcome-yellow) [![explore: LNbits extensions](https://img.shields.io/badge/explore-LNbits%20extensions-10B981)](https://extensions.lnbits.com/) [<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/community_chat-Telegram-24A1DE">](https://t.me/lnbits) <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/supported_by-%3E__OpenSats-f97316">
+![phase: stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/phase-stable-2EA043) ![License: MIT](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-blue) ![PRs: welcome](https://img.shields.io/badge/PRs-Welcome-yellow) [![explore: LNbits extensions](https://img.shields.io/badge/explore-LNbits%20extensions-10B981)](https://extensions.lnbits.com/) [<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/community_chat-Telegram-24A1DE">](https://t.me/lnbits)

 # Basic installation

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ nav_order: 1
 sudo apt-get install jq libfuse2
 wget $(curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/lnbits/lnbits/releases/latest | jq -r '.assets[] | select(.name | endswith(".AppImage")) | .browser_download_url') -O LNbits-latest.AppImage
 chmod +x LNbits-latest.AppImage
-LNBITS_ADMIN_UI=true HOST=0.0.0.0 PORT=5000 ./LNbits-latest.AppImage # most system settings are now in the admin UI, but pass additional .env variables here
+LNBITS_ADMIN_UI=true HOST=0.0.0.0 PORT=5000 AUTH_HTTPS_ONLY=false ./LNbits-latest.AppImage # most system settings are now in the admin UI, but pass additional .env variables here
 ```

 - LNbits will create a folder for DB and extension files **in the same directory** as the AppImage.
@@ -285,10 +285,7 @@ but you can also set the env variables or pass command line arguments:

 ```sh
 # .env variables are currently passed when running, but LNbits can be managed with the admin UI.
-LNBITS_ADMIN_UI=true ./result/bin/lnbits --port 9000 --host 0.0.0.0
-
-# Once you have created a user, you can set as the super_user
-SUPER_USER=be54db7f245346c8833eaa430e1e0405 LNBITS_ADMIN_UI=true ./result/bin/lnbits --port 9000
+LNBITS_ADMIN_UI=true AUTH_HTTPS_ONLY=false ./result/bin/lnbits --port 9000 --host 0.0.0.0
 ```

 > ![NOTE](https://img.shields.io/badge/NOTE-3b82f6?labelColor=494949)
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+# Generic OIDC Authentication Configuration
+
+This document explains how to configure generic OIDC authentication for LNbits, which allows integration with various OIDC-compliant authentication providers such as Zitadel, Authentik, and others.
+
+## Overview
+
+The generic OIDC provider (`oidc`) complements the existing Keycloak provider and allows you to integrate any OIDC-compliant authentication service. You can customize the login button with your own organization name and icon.
+
+## Configuration
+
+Add the following environment variables to your `.env` file or system environment:
+
+### Required Settings
+
+```bash
+# Enable OIDC authentication
+LNBITS_AUTH_ALLOWED_METHODS=oidc-auth
+
+# OIDC Discovery URL (well-known endpoint)
+LNBITS_OIDC_DISCOVERY_URL=https://your-oidc-provider-domain/.well-known/openid-configuration
+
+# Client credentials from your OIDC provider
+LNBITS_OIDC_CLIENT_ID=your-client-id
+LNBITS_OIDC_CLIENT_SECRET=your-client-secret
+```
+
+### Optional Settings - Customize the Login Button
+
+You can customize how the OIDC login button appears to your users:
+
+```bash
+# Custom organization name (displayed on the login button)
+# Example: "Login via Zitadel" or "Login via Authentik"
+LNBITS_OIDC_CLIENT_CUSTOM_ORG="Zitadel"
+
+# Custom icon URL (displayed on the login button)
+# Can be a full URL or a path to a local image
+LNBITS_OIDC_CLIENT_CUSTOM_ICON=https://zitadel.com/favicon.svg
+```
+
+If not set, the button will display "Login via OIDC" with a generic lock icon.
+
+## Zitadel Configuration Example
+
+For Zitadel, configure as follows:
+
+1. Create a new application in Zitadel
+2. Choose "Web" application type
+3. Configure the redirect URI: `https://your-lnbits-domain/api/v1/auth/oidc/token`
+4. Save the Client ID and Client Secret
+5. Use these environment variables:
+
+```bash
+LNBITS_AUTH_ALLOWED_METHODS=oidc-auth
+LNBITS_OIDC_DISCOVERY_URL=https://your-oidc-provider-domain/.well-known/openid-configuration
+LNBITS_OIDC_CLIENT_ID=your-zitadel-client-id
+LNBITS_OIDC_CLIENT_SECRET=your-zitadel-client-secret
+# Customize the button to show "Login via Zitadel" with Zitadel's logo
+LNBITS_OIDC_CLIENT_CUSTOM_ORG="Zitadel"
+LNBITS_OIDC_CLIENT_CUSTOM_ICON="https://zitadel.com/favicon.svg"
+```
+
+**Result**: The login page will display a button with the text "Login via Zitadel" and the Zitadel logo.
+
+## Authentik Configuration Example
+
+For Authentik:
+
+1. Create a new OAuth2/OpenID Provider
+2. Set the redirect URI: `https://your-lnbits-domain/api/v1/auth/oidc/token`
+3. Configure scopes: `openid`, `email`, `profile`
+4. Get the Client ID and Client Secret
+
+```bash
+LNBITS_AUTH_ALLOWED_METHODS=oidc-auth
+LNBITS_OIDC_DISCOVERY_URL=https://authentik.yourdomain.com/application/o/your-app/.well-known/openid-configuration
+LNBITS_OIDC_CLIENT_ID=your-authentik-client-id
+LNBITS_OIDC_CLIENT_SECRET=your-authentik-client-secret
+LNBITS_OIDC_CLIENT_CUSTOM_ORG="Authentik"
+```
+
+## Multiple Auth Methods
+
+You can enable multiple authentication methods simultaneously:
+
+```bash
+LNBITS_AUTH_ALLOWED_METHODS=username-password,oidc-auth,keycloak-auth
+```
+
+## Discovery Endpoint Requirements
+
+Your OIDC provider must expose a standard discovery endpoint (`.well-known/openid-configuration`) that includes:
+
+- `authorization_endpoint`
+- `token_endpoint`
+- `userinfo_endpoint`
+- `jwks_uri` (JSON Web Key Set)
+
+The OIDC implementation will automatically fetch these endpoints from the discovery URL.
+
+## User Mapping
+
+The OIDC provider maps user information from the OIDC userinfo endpoint:
+
+- `sub` → User ID
+- `email` → Email address
+- `given_name` → First name
+- `family_name` → Last name
+- `name` or `preferred_username` → Display name
+- `picture` → Profile picture URL
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+### Authentication fails
+
+1. Verify the discovery URL is accessible
+2. Check that Client ID and Client Secret are correct
+3. Ensure redirect URI in your OIDC provider matches: `https://your-lnbits-domain/api/v1/auth/oidc/token`
+4. Check LNbits logs for detailed error messages
+
+### User info not populated
+
+Some OIDC providers may use different claim names. If user information is not correctly populated, check your provider's userinfo endpoint response format and adjust the provider class if needed.
+
+## Security Considerations
+
+- Always use HTTPS in production
+- Keep client secrets secure and never commit them to version control
+- Use environment variables or secure configuration management
+- Regularly rotate client secrets
+- Review OIDC provider's security best practices
+
+## Implementation Details
+
+The OIDC provider is implemented in `lnbits/core/models/sso/oidc.py` and extends the `fastapi_sso` library's `SSOBase` class. It uses the standard OpenID Connect flow with:
+
+- Scopes: `openid`, `email`, `profile`
+- Response type: `code` (authorization code flow)
+- Discovery document for automatic endpoint resolution
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ nav_order: 1
 ![phase: stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/phase-stable-2EA043)
 ![PRs: welcome](https://img.shields.io/badge/PRs-Welcome-yellow)
 [<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/community_chat-Telegram-24A1DE">](https://t.me/lnbits)
-[<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/supported_by-%3E__OpenSats-f97316">](https://opensats.org)

 # LNbits Super User (SU)

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ nav_order: 1
 ![phase: stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/phase-stable-2EA043)
 ![PRs: welcome](https://img.shields.io/badge/PRs-Welcome-yellow)
 [<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/community_chat-Telegram-24A1DE">](https://t.me/lnbits)
-[<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/supported_by-%3E__OpenSats-f97316">](https://opensats.org)

 # LNbits Roles: A Quick Overview

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ nav_order: 3
 ![phase: stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/phase-stable-2EA043)
 ![PRs: welcome](https://img.shields.io/badge/PRs-Welcome-yellow)
 [<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/community_chat-Telegram-24A1DE">](https://t.me/lnbits)
-[<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/supported_by-%3E__OpenSats-f97316">](https://opensats.org)

 # Backend wallets

@@ -41,7 +40,8 @@ A backend wallet is selected and configured entirely through LNbits environment
 | [CoreLightning](#corelightning)                 | [LND (gRPC)](#lnd-grpc)               | [Blink](#blink)                                   |
 | [CoreLightning REST](#corelightning-rest)       | [LNbits](#lnbits)                     | [Alby](#alby)                                     |
 | [Spark (Core Lightning)](#spark-core-lightning) | [LNPay](#lnpay)                       | [Boltz](#boltz)                                   |
-| [Cliche Wallet](#cliche-wallet)                 | [ZBD](#zbd)                           | [Phoenixd](#phoenixd)                             |
+| [Spark L2](#spark-l2)                           | [ZBD](#zbd)                           | [Phoenixd](#phoenixd)                             |
+| [Cliche Wallet](#cliche-wallet)                 |                                       |                                                   |
 | [Breez SDK](#breez-sdk)                         | [Breez Liquid SDK](#breez-liquid-sdk) | [Nostr Wallet Connect](#nostr-wallet-connect-nwc) |
 | [Strike](#strike)                               | [Eclair (ACINQ)](#eclair-acinq)       | [LN.tips](#lntips)                                |
 | [Fake Wallet](#fake-wallet)                     |                                       |                                                   |
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ A backend wallet is selected and configured entirely through LNbits environment

 ### CLNRest (using [runes](https://docs.corelightning.org/reference/lightning-createrune))

-[Core Lightning REST API docs](https://docs.corelightning.org/docs/rest)  
+[Core Lightning REST API docs](https://docs.corelightning.org/docs/rest)
 Should also work with the [Rust version of CLNRest](https://github.com/daywalker90/clnrest-rs)

 **Environment variables**
@@ -127,6 +127,33 @@ Old REST interface using [RTL c-lightning-REST](https://github.com/Ride-The-Ligh
 - `SPARK_URL`: `http://10.147.17.230:9737/rpc`
 - `SPARK_TOKEN`: `secret_access_key`

+## Spark L2
+
+Self-custodial funding source using the [Spark L2](https://docs.spark.money/start/overview) network. Requires a Node.js [sidecar](https://github.com/lnbits/spark_sidecar) that bridges lnbits talking to Spark. Works in addition with any Spark-compatible seed (Wallet of Satoshi, BuhoGO, BlitzWallet).
+If the sidecar is started with a `mnemonic` then that mnemonic will be used. Otherwhise if a mnemonic is set for the `Spark L2` LNbits funding source then that mnemonic will be used.
+
+### Optional tuning
+
+- `SPARK_L2_PAY_WAIT_MS`: `4000` _(payment timeout in ms)_
+- `SPARK_L2_PAY_POLL_MS`: `500` _(polling interval in ms)_
+- `SPARK_L2_STREAM_KEEPALIVE_MS`: `15000` _(SSE keepalive in ms)_
+
+### Example: run the sidecar
+
+```bash
+git clone https://github.com/lnbits/spark_sidecar.git
+cd spark_sidecar
+npm install
+
+SPARK_MNEMONIC="bottom bottom bottom bottom bottom bottom bottom bottom bottom bottom bottom bottom" \
+SPARK_NETWORK=MAINNET \
+SPARK_SIDECAR_PORT=8765 \
+SPARK_PAY_WAIT_MS=20000 \
+node server.mjs
+```
+
+For testing, you can generate a 12-word mnemonic at https://iancoleman.io/bip39/. Store it securely — it controls your funds. Then select Spark (L2) as the funding source in LNbits.
+
 ## LND (REST)

 **Required env vars**
@@ -23,29 +23,40 @@ from lnbits.core.crud import (
    get_installed_extensions,
    update_installed_extension_state,
 )
+from lnbits.core.crud.audit import delete_expired_audit_entries
 from lnbits.core.crud.extensions import create_installed_extension
 from lnbits.core.helpers import migrate_extension_database
 from lnbits.core.models.notifications import NotificationType
 from lnbits.core.services.extensions import deactivate_extension, get_valid_extensions
-from lnbits.core.services.notifications import enqueue_admin_notification
-from lnbits.core.services.payments import check_pending_payments
+from lnbits.core.services.funding_source import (
+    check_balance_delta_changed,
+    check_server_balance_against_node,
+)
+from lnbits.core.services.notifications import (
+    dispatch_payment_notification,
+    enqueue_admin_notification,
+    process_next_notification,
+)
+from lnbits.core.services.payments import (
+    check_pending_payments,
+    fundingsource_invoice_producer,
+)
 from lnbits.core.tasks import (
    audit_queue,
    collect_exchange_rates_data,
-    purge_audit_data,
-    run_by_the_minute_tasks,
-    wait_for_audit_data,
-    wait_for_paid_invoices,
-    wait_notification_messages,
+    notify_server_status,
+    process_next_audit_entry,
+    refresh_extension_cache,
+)
+from lnbits.core.wasm_ext.routes.register import register_wasm_extension
+from lnbits.core.wasm_ext.wasm.events import dispatch_wasm_invoice_paid
+from lnbits.core.wasm_ext.wasm.loader import (
+    is_wasm_extension_id,
 )
 from lnbits.exceptions import register_exception_handlers
 from lnbits.helpers import version_parse
+from lnbits.llms_txt import create_llms_txt_route
 from lnbits.settings import settings
-from lnbits.tasks import (
-    cancel_all_tasks,
-    create_permanent_task,
-    register_invoice_listener,
-)
 from lnbits.utils.cache import cache
 from lnbits.utils.logger import (
    configure_logger,
@@ -65,9 +76,10 @@ from .middleware import (
    InstalledExtensionMiddleware,
    add_first_install_middleware,
    add_ip_block_middleware,
+    add_profiler_middleware,
    add_ratelimit_middleware,
 )
-from .tasks import internal_invoice_listener, invoice_listener, run_interval
+from .task_manager import task_manager


 async def startup(app: FastAPI):
@@ -101,6 +113,9 @@ async def startup(app: FastAPI):
    # register core routes
    init_core_routers(app)

+    # register llms.txt endpoint for AI agents
+    create_llms_txt_route(app)
+
    # initialize tasks
    register_async_tasks()

@@ -128,7 +143,7 @@ async def shutdown():
    settings.lnbits_running = False

    # shutdown event
-    cancel_all_tasks()
+    task_manager.cancel_all_tasks()

    # wait a bit to allow them to finish, so that cleanup can run without problems
    await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
@@ -161,6 +176,7 @@ def create_app() -> FastAPI:

    # Allow registering new extensions routes without direct access to the `app` object
    core_app_extra.register_new_ext_routes = register_new_ext_routes(app)
+    core_app_extra.register_new_wasm_ext_routes = register_new_wasm_ext_routes(app)
    core_app_extra.register_new_ratelimiter = register_new_ratelimiter(app)

    # register static files
@@ -196,6 +212,9 @@ def create_app() -> FastAPI:

    register_exception_handlers(app)

+    if settings.profiler:
+        add_profiler_middleware(app)
+
    return app


@@ -404,6 +423,13 @@ def register_new_ext_routes(app: FastAPI) -> Callable:
    return register_new_ext_routes_fn


+def register_new_wasm_ext_routes(app: FastAPI) -> Callable:
+    def register_new_wasm_ext_routes_fn(ext_id: str):
+        register_wasm_extension(app, ext_id)
+
+    return register_new_wasm_ext_routes_fn
+
+
 def register_new_ratelimiter(app: FastAPI) -> Callable:
    def register_new_ratelimiter_fn():
        limiter = Limiter(
@@ -457,32 +483,59 @@ async def check_and_register_extensions(app: FastAPI) -> None:
    await check_installed_extensions(app)
    for ext in await get_valid_extensions(False):
        try:
+            if is_wasm_extension_id(ext.code):
+                register_wasm_extension(app, ext.code)
+                continue
            register_ext_routes(app, ext)
            register_ext_tasks(ext)
        except Exception as exc:
            logger.error(f"Could not load extension `{ext.code}`: {exc!s}")
+            await update_installed_extension_state(ext_id=ext.code, active=False)


 def register_async_tasks() -> None:

-    create_permanent_task(wait_for_audit_data)
-    create_permanent_task(wait_notification_messages)
+    task_manager.init()

-    create_permanent_task(run_interval(30 * 60, check_pending_payments))
-    create_permanent_task(invoice_listener)
-    create_permanent_task(internal_invoice_listener)
-    create_permanent_task(cache.invalidate_forever)
+    # listen to all incoming payments and dispatch payment notifications
+    # note: should be the first in task list for a bit quicker notifications
+    task_manager.register_invoice_listener(dispatch_payment_notification, "core")

-    # core invoice listener
-    invoice_queue: asyncio.Queue = asyncio.Queue()
-    register_invoice_listener(invoice_queue, "core")
-    create_permanent_task(lambda: wait_for_paid_invoices(invoice_queue))
+    # periodic tasks
+    task_manager.create_permanent_task(cache.invalidate_cache, interval=10)
+    task_manager.create_permanent_task(delete_expired_audit_entries, interval=60 * 60)
+    task_manager.create_permanent_task(
+        check_pending_payments,
+        interval=settings.lnbits_funding_source_pending_interval_seconds,
+    )
+    task_manager.create_permanent_task(
+        collect_exchange_rates_data,
+        interval=max(60, settings.lnbits_exchange_history_refresh_interval_seconds),
+    )
+    task_manager.create_permanent_task(check_balance_delta_changed, interval=60)
+    task_manager.create_permanent_task(
+        check_server_balance_against_node,
+        interval=60 * settings.lnbits_watchdog_interval_minutes,
+    )
+    task_manager.create_permanent_task(
+        notify_server_status,
+        interval=60 * 60 * settings.lnbits_notification_server_status_hours,
+    )
+    task_manager.create_permanent_task(refresh_extension_cache, interval=60)

-    create_permanent_task(run_by_the_minute_tasks)
-    create_permanent_task(purge_audit_data)
-    create_permanent_task(collect_exchange_rates_data)
+    # permanent tasks run in a loop, will be restarted if they fail
+    task_manager.create_permanent_task(fundingsource_invoice_producer)
+    task_manager.create_permanent_task(process_next_notification)
+    task_manager.create_permanent_task(process_next_audit_entry)
+
+    async def dispatch_extension_invoice_paid(payment) -> None:
+        await dispatch_wasm_invoice_paid(payment)
+
+    task_manager.register_invoice_listener(dispatch_extension_invoice_paid, "core_wasm")

    # server logs for websocket
    if settings.lnbits_admin_ui:
        server_log_task = initialize_server_websocket_logger()
-        create_permanent_task(server_log_task)
+        task_manager.create_permanent_task(
+            server_log_task, name="server_websocket_logger"
+        )
@@ -12,18 +12,19 @@ from .extensions import (
    drop_extension_db,
    get_installed_extension,
    get_installed_extensions,
+    get_installed_extensions_count,
    get_user_active_extensions_ids,
    get_user_extension,
    get_user_extensions,
    update_installed_extension,
    update_installed_extension_state,
+    update_installed_extension_wasm_runtime_limits,
    update_user_extension,
 )
 from .payments import (
    DateTrunc,
    check_internal,
    create_payment,
-    delete_expired_invoices,
    delete_wallet_payment,
    get_latest_payments_by_extension,
    get_payment,
@@ -58,6 +59,7 @@ from .users import (
    get_account_by_username,
    get_account_by_username_or_email,
    get_accounts,
+    get_accounts_count,
    get_user,
    get_user_access_control_lists,
    get_user_from_account,
@@ -100,7 +102,6 @@ __all__ = [
    "delete_accounts_no_wallets",
    "delete_admin_settings",
    "delete_dbversion",
-    "delete_expired_invoices",
    "delete_installed_extension",
    "delete_tinyurl",
    "delete_unused_wallets",
@@ -117,11 +118,13 @@ __all__ = [
    "get_account_by_username",
    "get_account_by_username_or_email",
    "get_accounts",
+    "get_accounts_count",
    "get_admin_settings",
    "get_db_version",
    "get_db_versions",
    "get_installed_extension",
    "get_installed_extensions",
+    "get_installed_extensions_count",
    "get_latest_payments_by_extension",
    "get_payment",
    "get_payments",
@@ -152,6 +155,7 @@ __all__ = [
    "update_admin_settings",
    "update_installed_extension",
    "update_installed_extension_state",
+    "update_installed_extension_wasm_runtime_limits",
    "update_migration_version",
    "update_payment",
    "update_payment_checking_id",
@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
+import json
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+
 from lnbits.core.db import db
 from lnbits.core.models.extensions import (
    InstallableExtension,
    UserExtension,
+    WasmInvocation,
+    WasmInvocationStats,
 )
 from lnbits.db import Connection, Database

@@ -11,6 +16,11 @@ async def create_installed_extension(
    conn: Connection | None = None,
 ) -> None:
    await (conn or db).insert("installed_extensions", ext)
+    await update_installed_extension_wasm_runtime_limits(
+        ext_id=ext.id,
+        limits=ext.wasm_runtime_limits,
+        conn=conn,
+    )


 async def update_installed_extension(
@@ -18,6 +28,11 @@ async def update_installed_extension(
    conn: Connection | None = None,
 ) -> None:
    await (conn or db).update("installed_extensions", ext)
+    await update_installed_extension_wasm_runtime_limits(
+        ext_id=ext.id,
+        limits=ext.wasm_runtime_limits,
+        conn=conn,
+    )


 async def update_installed_extension_state(
@@ -31,6 +46,33 @@ async def update_installed_extension_state(
    )


+async def update_installed_extension_wasm_runtime_limits(
+    *, ext_id: str, limits: dict, conn: Connection | None = None
+) -> None:
+    if not await _has_installed_extension_wasm_runtime_limits_column(conn=conn):
+        return
+
+    await (conn or db).execute(
+        """
+        UPDATE installed_extensions
+        SET wasm_runtime_limits = :limits
+        WHERE id = :id
+        """,
+        {"id": ext_id, "limits": json.dumps(limits)},
+    )
+
+
+async def _has_installed_extension_wasm_runtime_limits_column(
+    conn: Connection | None = None,
+) -> bool:
+    row: dict | None = await (conn or db).fetchone(
+        "SELECT version FROM dbversions WHERE db = 'core'"
+    )
+    if not row:
+        return False
+    return int(row["version"] or 0) >= 48
+
+
 async def delete_installed_extension(
    *, ext_id: str, conn: Connection | None = None
 ) -> None:
@@ -90,6 +132,13 @@ async def get_installed_extensions(
    return all_extensions


+async def get_installed_extensions_count(conn: Connection | None = None) -> int:
+    row: dict | None = await (conn or db).fetchone(
+        "SELECT COUNT(*) as count FROM installed_extensions"
+    )
+    return int(row["count"]) if row else 0
+
+
 async def get_user_extension(
    user_id: str, extension: str, conn: Connection | None = None
 ) -> UserExtension | None:
@@ -137,3 +186,158 @@ async def get_user_active_extensions_ids(
        UserExtension,
    )
    return [ext.extension for ext in exts]
+
+
+async def create_wasm_invocation(
+    invocation: WasmInvocation,
+    conn: Connection | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    await (conn or db).insert("wasm_invocations", invocation)
+
+
+async def update_wasm_invocation(
+    invocation: WasmInvocation,
+    conn: Connection | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    await (conn or db).update("wasm_invocations", invocation)
+
+
+async def get_wasm_invocation(
+    invocation_id: str,
+    conn: Connection | None = None,
+) -> WasmInvocation | None:
+    return await (conn or db).fetchone(
+        "SELECT * FROM wasm_invocations WHERE id = :id",
+        {"id": invocation_id},
+        model=WasmInvocation,
+    )
+
+
+async def get_wasm_invocations(
+    *,
+    extension_id: str | None = None,
+    status: str | None = None,
+    limit: int = 100,
+    offset: int = 0,
+    conn: Connection | None = None,
+) -> list[WasmInvocation]:
+    where: list[str] = []
+    values: dict = {
+        "limit": max(1, min(limit, 500)),
+        "offset": max(offset, 0),
+    }
+    if extension_id:
+        where.append("extension_id = :extension_id")
+        values["extension_id"] = extension_id
+    if status:
+        where.append("status = :status")
+        values["status"] = status
+
+    query = "SELECT * FROM wasm_invocations"
+    if where:
+        query += f" WHERE {' AND '.join(where)}"
+    query += " ORDER BY started_at DESC LIMIT :limit OFFSET :offset"
+
+    return await (conn or db).fetchall(query, values, model=WasmInvocation)
+
+
+async def get_running_wasm_invocations(
+    conn: Connection | None = None,
+) -> list[WasmInvocation]:
+    return await get_wasm_invocations(status="running", conn=conn)
+
+
+async def get_wasm_invocation_stats(
+    *,
+    extension_id: str | None = None,
+    since: datetime | None = None,
+    conn: Connection | None = None,
+) -> WasmInvocationStats:
+    database = conn or db
+    where: list[str] = []
+    values: dict = {}
+    if extension_id:
+        where.append("extension_id = :extension_id")
+        values["extension_id"] = extension_id
+    if since:
+        where.append(f"started_at >= {database.timestamp_placeholder('since')}")
+        values["since"] = since
+
+    query = """
+        SELECT
+            COUNT(*) AS total,
+            COALESCE(SUM(CASE WHEN status = 'running' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END), 0)
+                AS running,
+            COALESCE(SUM(CASE WHEN status = 'completed' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END), 0)
+                AS completed,
+            COALESCE(SUM(CASE WHEN status = 'failed' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END), 0)
+                AS failed,
+            COALESCE(SUM(CASE WHEN status = 'stopped' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END), 0)
+                AS stopped,
+            COALESCE(SUM(CASE WHEN status = 'timeout' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END), 0)
+                AS timeout,
+            COALESCE(AVG(duration_ms), 0) AS avg_duration_ms,
+            COALESCE(MAX(duration_ms), 0) AS max_duration_ms,
+            COALESCE(SUM(host_call_count), 0) AS host_call_count,
+            COALESCE(SUM(http_call_count), 0) AS http_call_count,
+            COALESCE(SUM(storage_call_count), 0) AS storage_call_count,
+            COALESCE(SUM(wallet_call_count), 0) AS wallet_call_count
+        FROM wasm_invocations
+    """
+    if where:
+        query += f" WHERE {' AND '.join(where)}"
+
+    row: dict | None = await (conn or db).fetchone(query, values)
+    if not row:
+        return WasmInvocationStats()
+
+    return WasmInvocationStats(
+        total=int(row["total"] or 0),
+        running=int(row["running"] or 0),
+        completed=int(row["completed"] or 0),
+        failed=int(row["failed"] or 0),
+        stopped=int(row["stopped"] or 0),
+        timeout=int(row["timeout"] or 0),
+        avg_duration_ms=float(row["avg_duration_ms"] or 0),
+        max_duration_ms=int(row["max_duration_ms"] or 0),
+        host_call_count=int(row["host_call_count"] or 0),
+        http_call_count=int(row["http_call_count"] or 0),
+        storage_call_count=int(row["storage_call_count"] or 0),
+        wallet_call_count=int(row["wallet_call_count"] or 0),
+    )
+
+
+async def delete_old_wasm_invocations(
+    retention_days: int,
+    conn: Connection | None = None,
+) -> int:
+    if retention_days <= 0:
+        return 0
+
+    cutoff = datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(days=retention_days)
+    database = conn or db
+    result = await database.execute(
+        f"""
+        DELETE FROM wasm_invocations
+        WHERE status != 'running'
+            AND started_at < {database.timestamp_placeholder("cutoff")}
+        """,  # noqa: S608
+        {"cutoff": cutoff},
+    )
+    return int(result.rowcount or 0)
+
+
+async def mark_stale_wasm_invocations(
+    conn: Connection | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    database = conn or db
+    await database.execute(
+        f"""
+        UPDATE wasm_invocations
+        SET status = 'abandoned',
+            finished_at = {database.timestamp_placeholder("finished_at")},
+            stop_reason = 'Server restarted before invocation finished.'
+        WHERE status = 'running'
+        """,  # noqa: S608
+        {"finished_at": datetime.now(timezone.utc)},
+    )
@@ -149,14 +149,12 @@ async def get_payments_paginated(  # noqa: C901
            f"(status = '{PaymentState.SUCCESS}' OR status = '{PaymentState.PENDING}')"
        )
    elif complete:
-        clause.append(
-            f"""
+        clause.append(f"""
            (
                status = '{PaymentState.SUCCESS}'
                OR (amount < 0 AND status = '{PaymentState.PENDING}')
            )
-            """
-        )
+            """)
    elif pending:
        clause.append(f"status = '{PaymentState.PENDING}'")
    elif failed:
@@ -240,32 +238,6 @@ async def get_payments_status_count() -> PaymentsStatusCount:
    )


-async def delete_expired_invoices(
-    conn: Connection | None = None,
-) -> None:
-    # first we delete all invoices older than one month
-
-    await (conn or db).execute(
-        # Timestamp placeholder is safe from SQL injection (not user input)
-        f"""
-        DELETE FROM apipayments
-        WHERE status = :status AND amount > 0
-        AND time < {db.timestamp_placeholder("delta")}
-        """,  # noqa: S608
-        {"status": f"{PaymentState.PENDING}", "delta": int(time() - 2592000)},
-    )
-    # then we delete all invoices whose expiry date is in the past
-    await (conn or db).execute(
-        # Timestamp placeholder is safe from SQL injection (not user input)
-        f"""
-        DELETE FROM apipayments
-        WHERE status = :status AND amount > 0
-        AND expiry < {db.timestamp_placeholder("now")}
-        """,  # noqa: S608
-        {"status": f"{PaymentState.PENDING}", "now": int(time())},
-    )
-
-
 async def create_payment(
    checking_id: str,
    data: CreatePayment,
@@ -292,8 +264,10 @@ async def create_payment(
        webhook=data.webhook,
        fee=-abs(data.fee),
        tag=extra.get("tag", None),
+        extension=data.extension,
        extra=extra,
        labels=data.labels or [],
+        external_id=data.external_id,
    )

    await (conn or db).insert("apipayments", payment)
@@ -307,7 +281,7 @@ async def update_payment_checking_id(
    await (conn or db).execute(
        f"""
            UPDATE apipayments
-            SET checking_id = :new_id, updated_at = {db.timestamp_placeholder('now')}
+            SET checking_id = :new_id, updated_at = {db.timestamp_placeholder("now")}
            WHERE checking_id = :old_id
        """,  # noqa: S608
        {
@@ -322,13 +296,15 @@ async def update_payment(
    payment: Payment,
    new_checking_id: str | None = None,
    conn: Connection | None = None,
-) -> None:
+) -> Payment:
    payment.updated_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
    await (conn or db).update(
        "apipayments", payment, "WHERE checking_id = :checking_id"
    )
    if new_checking_id and new_checking_id != payment.checking_id:
        await update_payment_checking_id(payment.checking_id, new_checking_id, conn)
+        payment.checking_id = new_checking_id
+    return payment


 async def get_payments_history(
@@ -346,14 +322,12 @@ async def get_payments_history(
        "wallet_id": wallet_id,
    }
    # count outgoing payments if they are still pending
-    where = [
-        f"""
+    where = [f"""
        wallet_id = :wallet_id AND (
            status = '{PaymentState.SUCCESS}'
            OR (amount < 0 AND status = '{PaymentState.PENDING}')
        )
-        """
-    ]
+        """]
    clause = filters.where(where)
    transactions: list[dict] = await db.fetchall(
        # This query is safe from SQL injection:
@@ -402,7 +376,6 @@ async def get_payment_count_stats(
    user_id: str | None = None,
    conn: Connection | None = None,
 ) -> list[PaymentCountStat]:
-
    if not filters:
        filters = Filters()
    extra_stmts = []
@@ -435,7 +408,6 @@ async def get_daily_stats(
    user_id: str | None = None,
    conn: Connection | None = None,
 ) -> tuple[list[PaymentDailyStats], list[PaymentDailyStats]]:
-
    if not filters:
        filters = Filters()

@@ -485,7 +457,6 @@ async def get_wallets_stats(
    user_id: str | None = None,
    conn: Connection | None = None,
 ) -> list[PaymentWalletStats]:
-
    if not filters:
        filters = Filters()

@@ -8,11 +8,18 @@ from lnbits.db import dict_to_model
 from lnbits.settings import (
    AdminSettings,
    EditableSettings,
+    FundingSourcesSettings,
    SettingsField,
    SuperSettings,
    settings,
 )

+RESET_PRESERVED_SETTINGS = (
+    "lnbits_webpush_pubkey",
+    "lnbits_webpush_privkey",
+    *FundingSourcesSettings.__fields__,
+)
+

 async def get_super_settings() -> SuperSettings | None:
    data = await get_settings_by_tag("core")
@@ -69,16 +76,14 @@ async def delete_admin_settings(tag: str | None = "core") -> None:


 async def reset_core_settings() -> None:
-    await db.execute(
-        """
-        DELETE FROM system_settings WHERE tag = 'core'
-        AND id NOT IN (
-            'super_user',
-            'lnbits_webpush_pubkey',
-            'lnbits_webpush_privkey'
-        )
-        """,
-    )
+    core_settings = await get_settings_by_tag("core") or {}
+    super_user = await get_settings_field("super_user")
+    await delete_admin_settings()
+    if super_user:
+        await set_settings_field("super_user", super_user.value)
+    for field in RESET_PRESERVED_SETTINGS:
+        if field in core_settings:
+            await set_settings_field(field, core_settings[field])


 async def create_admin_settings(super_user: str, new_settings: dict) -> SuperSettings:
@@ -105,7 +110,8 @@ async def get_settings_field(
    )
    if not row:
        return None
-    return SettingsField(id=row["id"], value=json.loads(row["value"]), tag=row["tag"])
+    value = json.loads(row["value"]) if row["value"] else None
+    return SettingsField(id=row["id"], value=value, tag=row["tag"])


 async def set_settings_field(id_: str, value: Any | None, tag: str | None = "core"):
@@ -4,10 +4,17 @@ from typing import Any
 from uuid import uuid4

 from lnbits.core.crud.extensions import get_user_active_extensions_ids
-from lnbits.core.crud.wallets import create_wallet, get_wallets
+from lnbits.core.crud.wallets import (
+    clear_wallet_cache,
+    create_wallet,
+    get_standalone_wallet,
+    get_wallets,
+)
 from lnbits.core.db import db
 from lnbits.core.models import UserAcls
 from lnbits.db import Connection, Filters, Page
+from lnbits.helpers import sha256s
+from lnbits.utils.cache import cache

 from ..models import (
    Account,
@@ -30,6 +37,13 @@ async def create_account(
    return account


+async def get_accounts_count(conn: Connection | None = None) -> int:
+    row: dict | None = await (conn or db).fetchone(
+        "SELECT COUNT(*) as count FROM accounts"
+    )
+    return int(row["count"]) if row else 0
+
+
 async def update_account(account: Account, conn: Connection | None = None) -> Account:
    account.updated_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
    await (conn or db).update("accounts", account)
@@ -41,6 +55,7 @@ async def delete_account(user_id: str, conn: Connection | None = None) -> None:
        "DELETE from accounts WHERE id = :user",
        {"user": user_id},
    )
+    await clear_user_id_cache(user_id)


 async def get_accounts(
@@ -49,17 +64,22 @@ async def get_accounts(
 ) -> Page[AccountOverview]:
    where_clauses = []
    values: dict[str, Any] = {}
+    filters = filters or Filters()

-    # Make wallet filter explicit
-    wallet_filter = (
-        next((f for f in filters.filters if f.field == "wallet_id"), None)
-        if filters
-        else None
-    )
-    if filters and wallet_filter and wallet_filter.values:
-        where_clauses.append("wallets.id = :wallet_id")
-        values = {**values, "wallet_id": next(iter(wallet_filter.values.values()))}
-        filters.filters = [f for f in filters.filters if f.field != "wallet_id"]
+    wallet_filter = filters.get_filter_by_field("wallet_id")
+
+    if wallet_filter and wallet_filter.values:
+        wallet_id_value = next(iter(wallet_filter.values.values()), None)
+        wallet = (
+            await get_standalone_wallet(wallet_id_value, deleted=None, conn=conn)
+            if wallet_id_value
+            else None
+        )
+        if not wallet:
+            return Page(data=[], total=0)
+        where_clauses.append("accounts.id = :account_id")
+        values = {**values, "account_id": wallet.user}
+        filters.remove_filter_by_field("wallet_id")

    return await (conn or db).fetch_page(
        """
@@ -69,6 +89,7 @@ async def get_accounts(
            accounts.email,
            accounts.pubkey,
            accounts.external_id,
+            accounts.activated,
            SUM(COALESCE((
                SELECT balance FROM balances WHERE wallet_id = wallets.id
            ), 0)) as balance_msat,
@@ -93,12 +114,18 @@ async def get_accounts(
    )


-async def get_account(user_id: str, conn: Connection | None = None) -> Account | None:
+async def get_account(
+    user_id: str, active_only: bool = True, conn: Connection | None = None
+) -> Account | None:
    if len(user_id) == 0:
        return None
+
    return await (conn or db).fetchone(
-        "SELECT * FROM accounts WHERE id = :id",
-        {"id": user_id},
+        """
+            SELECT * FROM accounts
+            WHERE id = :id AND (activated = true OR activated = :activated)
+        """,
+        {"id": user_id, "activated": active_only},
        Account,
    )

@@ -124,55 +151,79 @@ async def delete_accounts_no_wallets(


 async def get_account_by_username(
-    username: str, conn: Connection | None = None
+    username: str, active_only: bool = True, conn: Connection | None = None
 ) -> Account | None:
    if len(username) == 0:
        return None
+
    return await (conn or db).fetchone(
-        "SELECT * FROM accounts WHERE LOWER(username) = :username",
-        {"username": username.lower()},
+        """
+            SELECT * FROM accounts
+            WHERE
+                LOWER(username) = :username
+                AND (activated = true OR activated = :activated)
+        """,
+        {"username": username.lower(), "activated": active_only},
        Account,
    )


 async def get_account_by_pubkey(
-    pubkey: str, conn: Connection | None = None
+    pubkey: str, active_only: bool = True, conn: Connection | None = None
 ) -> Account | None:
    return await (conn or db).fetchone(
-        "SELECT * FROM accounts WHERE LOWER(pubkey) = :pubkey",
-        {"pubkey": pubkey.lower()},
+        """
+            SELECT * FROM accounts
+            WHERE
+                LOWER(pubkey) = :pubkey
+                AND (activated = true OR activated = :activated)
+        """,
+        {"pubkey": pubkey.lower(), "activated": active_only},
        Account,
    )


 async def get_account_by_email(
-    email: str, conn: Connection | None = None
+    email: str, active_only: bool = True, conn: Connection | None = None
 ) -> Account | None:
    if len(email) == 0:
        return None
+
    return await (conn or db).fetchone(
-        "SELECT * FROM accounts WHERE LOWER(email) = :email",
-        {"email": email.lower()},
+        """
+            SELECT * FROM accounts
+            WHERE
+                LOWER(email) = :email
+                AND (activated = true OR activated = :activated)
+        """,
+        {"email": email.lower(), "activated": active_only},
        Account,
    )


 async def get_account_by_username_or_email(
-    username_or_email: str, conn: Connection | None = None
+    username_or_email: str,
+    active_only: bool = True,
+    conn: Connection | None = None,
 ) -> Account | None:
+
    return await (conn or db).fetchone(
        """
            SELECT * FROM accounts
-            WHERE LOWER(email) = :value or LOWER(username) = :value
+            WHERE
+                (LOWER(email) = :value or LOWER(username) = :value)
+                AND (activated = true OR activated = :activated)
        """,
-        {"value": username_or_email.lower()},
+        {"value": username_or_email.lower(), "activated": active_only},
        Account,
    )


-async def get_user(user_id: str, conn: Connection | None = None) -> User | None:
+async def get_user(
+    user_id: str, active_only: bool = True, conn: Connection | None = None
+) -> User | None:
    async with db.reuse_conn(conn) if conn else db.connect() as conn:
-        account = await get_account(user_id, conn=conn)
+        account = await get_account(user_id, active_only, conn=conn)
        if not account:
            return None
        return await get_user_from_account(account, conn=conn)
@@ -191,6 +242,7 @@ async def get_user_from_account(

    return User(
        id=account.id,
+        activated=account.activated,
        email=account.email,
        username=account.username,
        pubkey=account.pubkey,
@@ -204,6 +256,7 @@ async def get_user_from_account(
        super_user=account.is_super_user,
        fiat_providers=account.fiat_providers,
        has_password=account.password_hash is not None,
+        ui_customization=account.ui_customization or {},
    )


@@ -215,12 +268,31 @@ async def update_user_access_control_list(


 async def get_user_access_control_lists(
-    user_id: str, conn: Connection | None = None
+    user_id: str, active_only: bool = True, conn: Connection | None = None
 ) -> UserAcls:
    user_acls = await (conn or db).fetchone(
-        "SELECT id, access_control_list FROM accounts WHERE id = :id",
-        {"id": user_id},
+        """
+            SELECT id, access_control_list FROM accounts
+            WHERE id = :user_id AND (activated = true OR activated = :activated)
+        """,
+        {"user_id": user_id, "activated": active_only},
        UserAcls,
    )

    return user_acls or UserAcls(id=user_id)
+
+
+async def clear_user_id_cache(user_id: str):
+    user = await get_user(user_id, active_only=True)
+    if user:
+        clear_user_cache(user)
+
+
+def clear_user_cache(user: User):
+    user_cache_key: str | None = cache.pop(
+        f"auth:user:cache_key:{sha256s(user.id)}", None
+    )
+    if user_cache_key:
+        cache.pop(user_cache_key)
+    for wallet in user.wallets:
+        clear_wallet_cache(wallet)
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ async def delete_wallet(
    deleted: bool = True,
    conn: Connection | None = None,
 ) -> None:
-    _clear_wallet_cache(wallet_id)
+    clear_wallet_id_cache(wallet_id)
    now = int(time())

    await (conn or db).execute(
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ async def delete_wallet(


 async def force_delete_wallet(wallet_id: str, conn: Connection | None = None) -> None:
-    _clear_wallet_cache(wallet_id)
+    clear_wallet_id_cache(wallet_id)
    await (conn or db).execute(
        "DELETE FROM wallets WHERE id = :wallet",
        {"wallet": wallet_id},
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ async def force_delete_wallet(wallet_id: str, conn: Connection | None = None) ->
 async def delete_wallet_by_id(
    wallet_id: str, conn: Connection | None = None
 ) -> int | None:
-    _clear_wallet_cache(wallet_id)
+    clear_wallet_id_cache(wallet_id)
    now = int(time())
    result = await (conn or db).execute(
        # Timestamp placeholder is safe from SQL injection (not user input)
@@ -226,11 +226,14 @@ async def get_wallet_for_key(
 ) -> Wallet | None:
    wallet = await (conn or db).fetchone(
        """
-        SELECT *, COALESCE((
+        SELECT wallets.*, COALESCE((
            SELECT balance FROM balances WHERE wallet_id = wallets.id
        ), 0)
        AS balance_msat FROM wallets
-        WHERE (adminkey = :key OR inkey = :key) AND deleted = false
+        INNER JOIN accounts ON wallets.user = accounts.id
+        WHERE (adminkey = :key OR inkey = :key)
+            AND deleted = false
+            AND accounts.activated = true
        """,
        {"key": key},
        Wallet,
@@ -250,8 +253,11 @@ async def get_base_wallet_for_key(
 ) -> BaseWallet | None:
    wallet = await (conn or db).fetchone(
        """
-        SELECT id, "user", wallet_type, adminkey, inkey FROM wallets
-        WHERE (adminkey = :key OR inkey = :key) AND deleted = false
+        SELECT wallets.id, "user", wallet_type, adminkey, inkey FROM wallets
+        INNER JOIN accounts ON wallets.user = accounts.id
+        WHERE (adminkey = :key OR inkey = :key)
+            AND deleted = false
+            AND accounts.activated = true
        """,
        {"key": key},
        BaseWallet,
@@ -294,8 +300,14 @@ async def get_total_balance(conn: Connection | None = None):
    return row.get("balance", 0) or 0


-def _clear_wallet_cache(wallet_id):
+def clear_wallet_id_cache(wallet_id: str):
    cached_wallet: BaseWallet | None = cache.pop(f"auth:wallet:{wallet_id}")
    if cached_wallet:
        cache.pop(f"auth:x-api-key:{cached_wallet.adminkey}")
        cache.pop(f"auth:x-api-key:{cached_wallet.inkey}")
+
+
+def clear_wallet_cache(wallet: Wallet):
+    cache.pop(f"auth:wallet:{wallet.id}")
+    cache.pop(f"auth:x-api-key:{wallet.adminkey}")
+    cache.pop(f"auth:x-api-key:{wallet.inkey}")
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ from lnbits.core.crud import (
 from lnbits.core.db import db as core_db
 from lnbits.core.models import DbVersion
 from lnbits.core.models.extensions import InstallableExtension
+from lnbits.core.wasm_ext.storage.crud import migrate_wasm_extension_database
+from lnbits.core.wasm_ext.wasm.loader import is_wasm_extension_id
 from lnbits.db import COCKROACH, POSTGRES, SQLITE, Connection
 from lnbits.settings import settings

@@ -22,7 +24,16 @@ from lnbits.settings import settings
 async def migrate_extension_database(
    ext: InstallableExtension, current_version: DbVersion | None = None
 ):
+    if is_wasm_extension_id(ext.id):
+        await migrate_wasm_extension_database(ext, current_version)
+        return
+    else:
+        await migrate_py_extension_database(ext, current_version)

+
+async def migrate_py_extension_database(
+    ext: InstallableExtension, current_version: DbVersion | None = None
+):
    try:
        ext_migrations = importlib.import_module(f"{ext.module_name}.migrations")
        ext_db = importlib.import_module(ext.module_name).db
@@ -10,31 +10,26 @@ from lnbits.db import Connection


 async def m000_create_migrations_table(db: Connection):
-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dbversions (
        db TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
        version INT NOT NULL
    )
-    """
-    )
+    """)


 async def m001_initial(db: Connection):
    """
    Initial LNbits tables.
    """
-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS accounts (
            id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
            email TEXT,
            pass TEXT
        );
-    """
-    )
-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    """)
+    await db.execute("""
        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS extensions (
            "user" TEXT NOT NULL,
            extension TEXT NOT NULL,
@@ -42,10 +37,8 @@ async def m001_initial(db: Connection):

            UNIQUE ("user", extension)
        );
-    """
-    )
-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    """)
+    await db.execute("""
        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS wallets (
            id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
            name TEXT NOT NULL,
@@ -53,10 +46,8 @@ async def m001_initial(db: Connection):
            adminkey TEXT NOT NULL,
            inkey TEXT
        );
-    """
-    )
-    await db.execute(
-        f"""
+    """)
+    await db.execute(f"""
        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS apipayments (
            payhash TEXT NOT NULL,
            amount {db.big_int} NOT NULL,
@@ -67,11 +58,9 @@ async def m001_initial(db: Connection):
            time TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT {db.timestamp_now},
            UNIQUE (wallet, payhash)
        );
-    """
-    )
+    """)

-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        CREATE VIEW balances AS
        SELECT wallet, COALESCE(SUM(s), 0) AS balance FROM (
            SELECT wallet, SUM(amount) AS s  -- incoming
@@ -85,8 +74,7 @@ async def m001_initial(db: Connection):
            GROUP BY wallet
        )x
        GROUP BY wallet;
-    """
-    )
+    """)


 async def m002_add_fields_to_apipayments(db: Connection):
@@ -149,8 +137,7 @@ async def m004_ensure_fees_are_always_negative(db: Connection):
    """

    await db.execute("DROP VIEW balances")
-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        CREATE VIEW balances AS
        SELECT wallet, COALESCE(SUM(s), 0) AS balance FROM (
            SELECT wallet, SUM(amount) AS s  -- incoming
@@ -164,8 +151,7 @@ async def m004_ensure_fees_are_always_negative(db: Connection):
            GROUP BY wallet
        )x
        GROUP BY wallet;
-    """
-    )
+    """)


 async def m005_balance_check_balance_notify(db: Connection):
@@ -174,8 +160,7 @@ async def m005_balance_check_balance_notify(db: Connection):
    LNbits wallet and of balanceNotify URLs supplied by users to empty their wallets.
    """

-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS balance_check (
          wallet TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES wallets (id),
          service TEXT NOT NULL,
@@ -183,19 +168,16 @@ async def m005_balance_check_balance_notify(db: Connection):

          UNIQUE(wallet, service)
        );
-    """
-    )
+    """)

-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS balance_notify (
          wallet TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES wallets (id),
          url TEXT NOT NULL,

          UNIQUE(wallet, url)
        );
-    """
-    )
+    """)


 async def m006_add_invoice_expiry_to_apipayments(db: Connection):
@@ -262,19 +244,16 @@ async def m007_set_invoice_expiries(db: Connection):


 async def m008_create_admin_settings_table(db: Connection):
-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS settings (
            super_user TEXT,
            editable_settings TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '{}'
        );
-    """
-    )
+    """)


 async def m009_create_tinyurl_table(db: Connection):
-    await db.execute(
-        f"""
+    await db.execute(f"""
        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tiny_url (
          id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
          url TEXT,
@@ -282,13 +261,11 @@ async def m009_create_tinyurl_table(db: Connection):
          wallet TEXT,
          time TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT {db.timestamp_now}
        );
-    """
-    )
+    """)


 async def m010_create_installed_extensions_table(db: Connection):
-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS installed_extensions (
            id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
            version TEXT NOT NULL,
@@ -299,8 +276,7 @@ async def m010_create_installed_extensions_table(db: Connection):
            active BOOLEAN DEFAULT false,
            meta TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '{}'
        );
-    """
-    )
+    """)


 async def m011_optimize_balances_view(db: Connection):
@@ -309,23 +285,19 @@ async def m011_optimize_balances_view(db: Connection):
    over the payments table instead of 2.
    """
    await db.execute("DROP VIEW balances")
-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        CREATE VIEW balances AS
        SELECT wallet, SUM(amount - abs(fee)) AS balance
        FROM apipayments
        WHERE (pending = false AND amount > 0) OR amount < 0
        GROUP BY wallet
-    """
-    )
+    """)


 async def m012_add_currency_to_wallet(db: Connection):
-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        ALTER TABLE wallets ADD COLUMN currency TEXT
-        """
-    )
+        """)


 async def m013_add_deleted_to_wallets(db: Connection):
@@ -345,15 +317,13 @@ async def m014_set_deleted_wallets(db: Connection):
    Sets deleted column to wallets.
    """
    try:
-        result = await db.execute(
-            """
+        result = await db.execute("""
            SELECT *
            FROM wallets
            WHERE user LIKE 'del:%'
            AND adminkey LIKE 'del:%'
            AND inkey LIKE 'del:%'
-            """
-        )
+            """)
        rows = result.mappings().all()

        for row in rows:
@@ -386,8 +356,7 @@ async def m014_set_deleted_wallets(db: Connection):


 async def m015_create_push_notification_subscriptions_table(db: Connection):
-    await db.execute(
-        f"""
+    await db.execute(f"""
        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS webpush_subscriptions (
            endpoint TEXT NOT NULL,
            "user" TEXT NOT NULL,
@@ -396,8 +365,7 @@ async def m015_create_push_notification_subscriptions_table(db: Connection):
            timestamp TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT {db.timestamp_now},
            PRIMARY KEY (endpoint, "user")
        );
-    """
-    )
+    """)


 async def m016_add_username_column_to_accounts(db: Connection):
@@ -484,8 +452,7 @@ async def m018_balances_view_exclude_deleted(db: Connection):
    Make deleted wallets not show up in the balances view.
    """
    await db.execute("DROP VIEW balances")
-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        CREATE VIEW balances AS
        SELECT apipayments.wallet,
               SUM(apipayments.amount - ABS(apipayments.fee)) AS balance
@@ -495,8 +462,7 @@ async def m018_balances_view_exclude_deleted(db: Connection):
              AND ((apipayments.pending = false AND apipayments.amount > 0)
              OR apipayments.amount < 0)
        GROUP BY wallet
-    """
-    )
+    """)


 async def m019_balances_view_based_on_wallets(db: Connection):
@@ -505,8 +471,7 @@ async def m019_balances_view_based_on_wallets(db: Connection):
    Important for querying whole lnbits balances.
    """
    await db.execute("DROP VIEW balances")
-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        CREATE VIEW balances AS
        SELECT apipayments.wallet,
               SUM(apipayments.amount - ABS(apipayments.fee)) AS balance
@@ -516,8 +481,7 @@ async def m019_balances_view_based_on_wallets(db: Connection):
              AND ((apipayments.pending = false AND apipayments.amount > 0)
              OR apipayments.amount < 0)
        GROUP BY apipayments.wallet
-    """
-    )
+    """)


 async def m020_add_column_column_to_user_extensions(db: Connection):
@@ -536,8 +500,7 @@ async def m021_add_success_failed_to_apipayments(db: Connection):
    await db.execute("UPDATE apipayments SET status = 'success' WHERE NOT pending")

    await db.execute("DROP VIEW balances")
-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        CREATE VIEW balances AS
        SELECT apipayments.wallet,
               SUM(apipayments.amount - ABS(apipayments.fee)) AS balance
@@ -549,8 +512,7 @@ async def m021_add_success_failed_to_apipayments(db: Connection):
            OR (apipayments.status IN ('success', 'pending') AND apipayments.amount < 0)
        )
        GROUP BY apipayments.wallet
-    """
-    )
+    """)


 async def m022_add_pubkey_to_accounts(db: Connection):
@@ -581,8 +543,7 @@ async def m024_drop_pending(db: Connection):

 async def m025_refresh_view(db: Connection):
    await db.execute("DROP VIEW balances")
-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        CREATE VIEW balances AS
        SELECT apipayments.wallet_id,
               SUM(apipayments.amount - ABS(apipayments.fee)) AS balance
@@ -594,8 +555,7 @@ async def m025_refresh_view(db: Connection):
            OR (apipayments.status IN ('success', 'pending') AND apipayments.amount < 0)
        )
        GROUP BY apipayments.wallet_id
-    """
-    )
+    """)


 async def m026_update_payment_table(db: Connection):
@@ -658,8 +618,7 @@ async def m027_update_apipayments_data(db: Connection):

 async def m028_update_settings(db: Connection):

-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS system_settings (
            id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
            value TEXT,
@@ -667,8 +626,7 @@ async def m028_update_settings(db: Connection):

            UNIQUE (id, tag)
        );
-    """
-    )
+    """)

    async def _insert_key_value(id_: str, value: Any):
        await db.execute(
@@ -691,8 +649,7 @@ async def m028_update_settings(db: Connection):


 async def m029_create_audit_table(db: Connection):
-    await db.execute(
-        f"""
+    await db.execute(f"""
        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS audit (
            component TEXT,
            ip_address TEXT,
@@ -706,16 +663,13 @@ async def m029_create_audit_table(db: Connection):
            delete_at TIMESTAMP,
            created_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT {db.timestamp_now}
        );
-        """
-    )
+        """)


 async def m030_add_user_api_tokens_column(db: Connection):
-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        ALTER TABLE accounts ADD COLUMN access_control_list TEXT
-        """
-    )
+        """)


 async def m031_add_color_and_icon_to_wallets(db: Connection):
@@ -738,32 +692,25 @@ async def m033_update_payment_table(db: Connection):


 async def m034_add_stored_paylinks_to_wallet(db: Connection):
-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        ALTER TABLE wallets ADD COLUMN stored_paylinks TEXT
-        """
-    )
+        """)


 async def m035_add_wallet_type_column(db: Connection):
-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        ALTER TABLE wallets ADD COLUMN wallet_type TEXT DEFAULT 'lightning'
-        """
-    )
+        """)


 async def m036_add_shared_wallet_column(db: Connection):
-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        ALTER TABLE wallets ADD COLUMN shared_wallet_id TEXT
-        """
-    )
+        """)


 async def m037_create_assets_table(db: Connection):
-    await db.execute(
-        f"""
+    await db.execute(f"""
        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS assets (
            id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
            user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
@@ -776,16 +723,13 @@ async def m037_create_assets_table(db: Connection):
            data {db.blob} NOT NULL,
            created_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT {db.timestamp_now}
        );
-        """
-    )
+        """)


 async def m038_add_labels_for_payments(db: Connection):
-    await db.execute(
-        """
+    await db.execute("""
        ALTER TABLE apipayments ADD COLUMN labels TEXT
-        """
-    )
+        """)


 async def m039_index_payments(db: Connection):
@@ -804,11 +748,9 @@ async def m039_index_payments(db: Connection):
    ]
    for index in indexes:
        logger.debug(f"Creating index idx_payments_{index}...")
-        await db.execute(
-            f"""
+        await db.execute(f"""
            CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_payments_{index} ON apipayments ({index});
-            """
-        )
+            """)


 async def m040_index_wallets(db: Connection):
@@ -825,11 +767,9 @@ async def m040_index_wallets(db: Connection):

    for index in indexes:
        logger.debug(f"Creating index idx_wallets_{index}...")
-        await db.execute(
-            f"""
+        await db.execute(f"""
            CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_wallets_{index} ON wallets ("{index}");
-            """
-        )
+            """)


 async def m042_index_accounts(db: Connection):
@@ -843,8 +783,110 @@ async def m042_index_accounts(db: Connection):

    for index in indexes:
        logger.debug(f"Creating index idx_wallets_{index}...")
-        await db.execute(
-            f"""
+        await db.execute(f"""
            CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_accounts_{index} ON accounts ("{index}");
-            """
-        )
+            """)
+
+
+async def m043_add_ui_customization_to_accounts(db: Connection):
+    """
+    Adds ui_customization column to accounts.
+    Used for server side persistence of UI customization settings.
+    """
+    await db.execute("ALTER TABLE accounts ADD COLUMN ui_customization TEXT")
+
+
+async def m044_add_activated_to_accounts(db: Connection):
+    """
+    Adds activated column to accounts.
+    Used for account activation status.
+    """
+    await db.execute("ALTER TABLE accounts ADD COLUMN activated BOOLEAN DEFAULT true")
+
+
+async def m045_add_external_id_to_payments(db: Connection):
+    """
+    Adds external_id column to apipayments.
+    Used for external payment references.
+    """
+    await db.execute("ALTER TABLE apipayments ADD COLUMN external_id TEXT")
+    logger.debug("Creating index idx_payments_external_id...")
+    await db.execute("""
+        CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_payments_external_id
+        ON apipayments (external_id);
+        """)
+
+
+async def m046_add_permissions_to_installed_extensions(db: Connection):
+    """
+    Adds granted permissions to installed extensions.
+    """
+    await db.execute(
+        "ALTER TABLE installed_extensions ADD COLUMN permissions TEXT DEFAULT '[]'"
+    )
+
+
+async def m047_create_wasm_invocations_table(db: Connection):
+    """
+    Tracks WASM extension invocations for runtime monitoring and controls.
+    """
+    await db.execute(f"""
+        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS wasm_invocations (
+            id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+            extension_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+            export_name TEXT NOT NULL,
+            trigger_type TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'unknown',
+            status TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'running',
+            started_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT {db.timestamp_now},
+            finished_at TIMESTAMP,
+            duration_ms INT,
+            user_id TEXT,
+            wallet_id TEXT,
+            request_id TEXT,
+            method TEXT,
+            path TEXT,
+            event_type TEXT,
+            payment_hash TEXT,
+            checking_id TEXT,
+            memory_peak_bytes INT,
+            request_bytes INT,
+            response_bytes INT,
+            host_call_count INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+            http_call_count INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+            storage_call_count INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+            wallet_call_count INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+            error_type TEXT,
+            error_message TEXT,
+            stop_reason TEXT,
+            "context" TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '{{}}'
+        );
+        """)
+    await db.execute("""
+        CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_wasm_invocations_extension_started
+        ON wasm_invocations (extension_id, started_at);
+        """)
+    await db.execute("""
+        CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_wasm_invocations_status
+        ON wasm_invocations (status);
+        """)
+    await db.execute("""
+        CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_wasm_invocations_started
+        ON wasm_invocations (started_at);
+        """)
+
+
+async def m048_add_wasm_runtime_limits_to_installed_extensions(db: Connection):
+    """
+    Adds per-extension WASM runtime limit overrides.
+    """
+    await db.execute(
+        "ALTER TABLE installed_extensions "
+        "ADD COLUMN wasm_runtime_limits TEXT DEFAULT '{}'"
+    )
+
+
+async def m049_add_permissions_to_user_extensions(db: Connection):
+    """
+    Adds user-level extension permission grants.
+    """
+    await db.execute("ALTER TABLE extensions ADD COLUMN permissions TEXT DEFAULT '{}'")
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ from .payments import (
    PaymentState,
    PaymentWalletStats,
    SettleInvoice,
+    UpdatePaymentExtra,
 )
 from .tinyurl import TinyURL
 from .users import (
@@ -90,6 +91,7 @@ __all__ = [
    "SimpleStatus",
    "TinyURL",
    "UpdateBalance",
+    "UpdatePaymentExtra",
    "UpdateSuperuserPassword",
    "UpdateUser",
    "UpdateUserPassword",
@@ -6,13 +6,16 @@ import json
 import os
 import shutil
 import zipfile
-from asyncio.tasks import create_task
-from pathlib import Path
+from collections.abc import Mapping
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from enum import Enum
+from pathlib import Path, PurePosixPath
 from typing import Any
+from uuid import uuid4

 import httpx
 from loguru import logger
-from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, StrictStr

 from lnbits.helpers import (
    download_url,
@@ -21,6 +24,7 @@ from lnbits.helpers import (
    version_parse,
 )
 from lnbits.settings import settings
+from lnbits.task_manager import task_manager
 from lnbits.utils.cache import cache


@@ -55,9 +59,10 @@ class GitHubRelease(BaseModel):


 class Manifest(BaseModel):
-    featured: list[str] = []
    extensions: list[ExplicitRelease] = []
    repos: list[GitHubRelease] = []
+    featured: list[str] = []
+    categories: dict[str, list[str]] = {}


 class GitHubRepoRelease(BaseModel):
@@ -76,6 +81,23 @@ class GitHubRepo(BaseModel):
    default_branch: str


+class ExtensionPermission(BaseModel):
+    id: StrictStr
+    description: StrictStr | None = None
+    policies: list[Any] | None = None
+
+    class Config:
+        extra = "ignore"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def list_from_config(config_json: Mapping[str, Any]) -> list[ExtensionPermission]:
+        return [
+            ExtensionPermission.parse_obj(permission)
+            for permission in config_json.get("permissions") or []
+            if isinstance(permission, dict) and permission.get("id")
+        ]
+
+
 class ExtensionConfig(BaseModel):
    name: str
    short_description: str
@@ -83,6 +105,8 @@ class ExtensionConfig(BaseModel):
    warning: str | None = ""
    min_lnbits_version: str | None
    max_lnbits_version: str | None
+    extension_type: str | None = None
+    permissions: list[ExtensionPermission] = []

    def is_version_compatible(self) -> bool:
        return is_lnbits_version_ok(self.min_lnbits_version, self.max_lnbits_version)
@@ -117,11 +141,83 @@ class UserExtensionInfo(BaseModel):
    payment_hash_to_enable: str | None = None


+class ExtensionBackgroundPaymentDestinationPolicy(str, Enum):
+    OWN_WALLETS_ONLY = "own_wallets_only"
+    EXTERNAL_ALLOWED = "external_allowed"
+
+
+class ExtensionBackgroundPaymentGrant(BaseModel):
+    id: StrictStr = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=128)
+    wallet_id: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=128)
+    enabled: bool = True
+    max_amount: int = Field(..., gt=0)
+    destination_policy: ExtensionBackgroundPaymentDestinationPolicy
+
+
+class ExtensionBackgroundPaymentGrantRequest(BaseModel):
+    wallet_id: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=128)
+    max_amount: int = Field(..., gt=0)
+    destination_policy: ExtensionBackgroundPaymentDestinationPolicy
+
+    def to_grant(self, grant_id: str | None = None) -> ExtensionBackgroundPaymentGrant:
+        return ExtensionBackgroundPaymentGrant(
+            id=grant_id or str(uuid4()),
+            wallet_id=self.wallet_id,
+            enabled=True,
+            max_amount=self.max_amount,
+            destination_policy=self.destination_policy,
+        )
+
+
+class ExtensionWalletPaymentsWatchGrant(BaseModel):
+    id: StrictStr = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=128)
+    wallet_id: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=128)
+    enabled: bool = True
+
+
+class ExtensionWalletPaymentsWatchGrantRequest(BaseModel):
+    wallet_id: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=128)
+
+    def to_grant(
+        self, grant_id: str | None = None
+    ) -> ExtensionWalletPaymentsWatchGrant:
+        return ExtensionWalletPaymentsWatchGrant(
+            id=grant_id or str(uuid4()),
+            wallet_id=self.wallet_id,
+            enabled=True,
+        )
+
+
+class ExtensionPermissionCheckItem(BaseModel):
+    id: StrictStr
+    grant: dict[str, Any] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+class ExtensionPermissionCheckRequest(BaseModel):
+    permissions: list[ExtensionPermissionCheckItem] = Field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+class ExtensionPermissionCheckResult(BaseModel):
+    id: StrictStr
+    approved: bool
+    grant: dict[str, Any] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+class ExtensionPermissionCheckResponse(BaseModel):
+    permissions: list[ExtensionPermissionCheckResult] = Field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+class ExtensionPermissionsResponse(BaseModel):
+    extension_permissions: list[ExtensionPermission] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    user_permissions: dict[str, list[dict[str, Any]]] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
 class UserExtension(BaseModel):
    user: str
    extension: str
    active: bool
    extra: UserExtensionInfo | None = None
+    permissions: dict = Field(default_factory=dict)

    @property
    def is_paid(self) -> bool:
@@ -143,6 +239,7 @@ class UserExtension(BaseModel):
 class Extension(BaseModel):
    code: str
    is_valid: bool
+    is_wasm: bool = False
    name: str | None = None
    short_description: str | None = None
    tile: str | None = None
@@ -159,6 +256,8 @@ class Extension(BaseModel):

    @property
    def is_upgrade_extension(self) -> bool:
+        if self.is_wasm:
+            return False
        return self.upgrade_hash != ""

    @classmethod
@@ -166,13 +265,71 @@ class Extension(BaseModel):
        return Extension(
            code=ext_info.id,
            is_valid=True,
+            is_wasm=ext_info.is_wasm,
            name=ext_info.name,
            short_description=ext_info.short_description,
-            tile=ext_info.icon,
+            tile=_extension_tile(ext_info),
            upgrade_hash=ext_info.hash if ext_info.ext_upgrade_dir.is_dir() else "",
        )


+class WasmInvocation(BaseModel):
+    id: str
+    extension_id: str
+    export_name: str
+    trigger_type: str = "unknown"
+    status: str = "running"
+    started_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=lambda: datetime.now(timezone.utc))
+    finished_at: datetime | None = None
+    duration_ms: int | None = None
+    user_id: str | None = None
+    wallet_id: str | None = None
+    request_id: str | None = None
+    method: str | None = None
+    path: str | None = None
+    event_type: str | None = None
+    payment_hash: str | None = None
+    checking_id: str | None = None
+    memory_peak_bytes: int | None = None
+    request_bytes: int | None = None
+    response_bytes: int | None = None
+    host_call_count: int = 0
+    http_call_count: int = 0
+    storage_call_count: int = 0
+    wallet_call_count: int = 0
+    error_type: str | None = None
+    error_message: str | None = None
+    stop_reason: str | None = None
+    context: dict = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+class WasmInvocationStats(BaseModel):
+    total: int = 0
+    running: int = 0
+    completed: int = 0
+    failed: int = 0
+    stopped: int = 0
+    timeout: int = 0
+    avg_duration_ms: float = 0
+    max_duration_ms: int = 0
+    host_call_count: int = 0
+    http_call_count: int = 0
+    storage_call_count: int = 0
+    wallet_call_count: int = 0
+
+
+class WasmRuntimeLimitsUpdate(BaseModel):
+    limits: dict[str, Any] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+class WasmRuntimeLimitsInfo(BaseModel):
+    id: str
+    name: str
+    active: bool | None = False
+    wasm_runtime_limits: dict[str, int] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+    effective_wasm_runtime_limits: dict[str, int] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
 class ExtensionRelease(BaseModel):
    name: str
    version: str
@@ -269,10 +426,30 @@ class ExtensionRelease(BaseModel):
    async def get_github_releases(cls, org: str, repo: str) -> list[ExtensionRelease]:
        try:
            github_releases = await cls.fetch_github_releases(org, repo)
-            return [
+            extension_releases = [
                ExtensionRelease.from_github_release(f"{org}/{repo}", r)
                for r in github_releases
            ]
+            for release in extension_releases:
+                if not release.details_link:
+                    continue
+                try:
+                    config = await ExtensionConfig.fetch_github_release_config(
+                        org, repo, release.version
+                    )
+                except Exception as e:
+                    logger.warning(e)
+                    config = None
+                if not config:
+                    continue
+
+                release.min_lnbits_version = config.min_lnbits_version
+                release.max_lnbits_version = config.max_lnbits_version
+                release.is_version_compatible = config.is_version_compatible()
+
+                release.icon = icon_to_github_url(f"{org}/{repo}", config.tile)
+
+            return extension_releases
        except Exception as e:
            logger.warning(e)
            return []
@@ -288,7 +465,6 @@ class ExtensionRelease(BaseModel):

    @classmethod
    async def fetch_release_details(cls, details_link: str) -> dict | None:
-
        try:
            async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
                resp = await client.get(details_link)
@@ -313,6 +489,7 @@ class ExtensionMeta(BaseModel):
    dependencies: list[str] = []
    archive: str | None = None
    featured: bool = False
+    categories: list[str] = []
    paid_features: str | None = None
    has_paid_release: bool = False
    has_free_release: bool = False
@@ -327,6 +504,8 @@ class InstallableExtension(BaseModel):
    icon: str | None = None
    stars: int = 0
    meta: ExtensionMeta | None = None
+    permissions: list[ExtensionPermission] = []
+    wasm_runtime_limits: dict = Field(default_factory=dict, no_database=True)

    @property
    def hash(self) -> str:
@@ -379,6 +558,18 @@ class InstallableExtension(BaseModel):
            return False
        return self.meta.pay_to_enable.required is True

+    @property
+    def is_wasm(self) -> bool:
+        config_path = Path(self.ext_dir, "config.json")
+        if not config_path.is_file():
+            return False
+        try:
+            with open(config_path, encoding="utf-8") as json_file:
+                config_json = json.load(json_file)
+        except Exception:
+            return False
+        return config_json.get("extension_type") == "wasm"
+
    async def download_archive(self):
        logger.info(f"Downloading extension {self.name} ({self.installed_version}).")
        ext_zip_file = self.zip_path
@@ -411,6 +602,22 @@ class InstallableExtension(BaseModel):
                os.remove(ext_zip_file)
            raise AssertionError("File hash missmatch. Will not install.")

+    def load_archive_config(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        if not self.zip_path.is_file():
+            return {}
+
+        try:
+            with zipfile.ZipFile(self.zip_path, "r") as archive:
+                config_name = _archive_config_name(archive.namelist())
+                if not config_name:
+                    return {}
+                with archive.open(config_name) as config_file:
+                    config = json.load(config_file)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            raise ValueError(f"Cannot read extension config for '{self.id}'.") from exc
+
+        return config if isinstance(config, dict) else {}
+
    def extract_archive(self):
        logger.info(f"Extracting extension {self.name} ({self.installed_version}).")
        Path(settings.lnbits_extensions_upgrade_path).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
@@ -589,6 +796,7 @@ class InstallableExtension(BaseModel):
                    version=version,
                    short_description=config_json.get("short_description"),
                    icon=config_json.get("tile"),
+                    permissions=ExtensionPermission.list_from_config(config_json),
                    meta=ExtensionMeta(
                        installed_release=ExtensionRelease(
                            name=ext_id,
@@ -621,7 +829,10 @@ class InstallableExtension(BaseModel):

        if cache_value.older_than(10 * 60) or post_refresh_cache:
            # refresh cache in background if older than 10 minutes or requested
-            create_task(cls._refresh_installable_extensions_cache())
+            task_manager.create_task(
+                cls._refresh_installable_extensions_cache(),
+                "refresh_installable_extensions_cache",
+            )

        extension_list = cache_value.value  # type: ignore
        return extension_list
@@ -660,6 +871,11 @@ class InstallableExtension(BaseModel):

                    meta = ext.meta or ExtensionMeta()
                    meta.featured = ext.id in manifest.featured
+                    meta.categories = [
+                        category
+                        for category, ext_ids in manifest.categories.items()
+                        if ext.id in ext_ids
+                    ]
                    ext.meta = meta
                    extension_list += [ext]

@@ -675,6 +891,11 @@ class InstallableExtension(BaseModel):
                    ext.check_release_updates(release)
                    meta = ext.meta or ExtensionMeta()
                    meta.featured = ext.id in manifest.featured
+                    meta.categories = [
+                        category
+                        for category, ext_ids in manifest.categories.items()
+                        if ext.id in ext_ids
+                    ]
                    ext.meta = meta
                    extension_list += [ext]
            except Exception as e:
@@ -769,6 +990,7 @@ class CreateExtension(BaseModel):
    version: str
    cost_sats: int | None = 0
    payment_hash: str | None = None
+    permissions: list[ExtensionPermission] = []


 class ExtensionDetailsRequest(BaseModel):
@@ -821,3 +1043,21 @@ def icon_to_github_url(source_repo: str, path: str | None) -> str:
    _, _, *rest = path.split("/")
    tail = "/".join(rest)
    return f"https://github.com/{source_repo}/raw/main/{tail}"
+
+
+def wasm_extension_icon_url(ext_id: str) -> str:
+    return f"/ext-assets/{ext_id}/assets/icon.png"
+
+
+def _extension_tile(ext_info: InstallableExtension) -> str | None:
+    if ext_info.is_wasm:
+        return wasm_extension_icon_url(ext_info.id)
+    return ext_info.icon
+
+
+def _archive_config_name(names: list[str]) -> str | None:
+    for name in names:
+        path = PurePosixPath(name)
+        if len(path.parts) == 2 and path.name == "config.json":
+            return name
+    return None
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

 import json
+import random
+import uuid
 from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
 from typing import Any, Literal

@@ -55,6 +57,29 @@ class DataField(BaseModel):
            field_type += ' = "sat"'
        return f"{field_name}: {field_type}"

+    def field_to_random_value(self) -> str:
+        field_name = camel_to_snake(self.name)
+        field_value: Any = f'"{self.type}"'
+        if self.type == "json":
+            field_value = '"{}"'
+        elif self.type == "wallet":
+            field_value = f'"{uuid.uuid4()}"'
+        elif self.type == "currency":
+            field_value = '"sat"'
+        elif self.type in ["str", "text"]:
+            field_value = f'"{field_name}_{urlsafe_short_hash()}"'
+        elif self.type == "int":
+            field_value = random.randint(1, 100)  # noqa: S311
+        elif self.type == "float":
+            field_value = random.uniform(1.0, 100.0)  # noqa: S311
+        elif self.type == "bool":
+            field_value = random.choice([True, False])  # noqa: S311
+        elif self.type == "datetime":
+            random_days = random.randint(-30, 30)  # noqa: S311
+            random_date = datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(days=random_days)
+            field_value = f"""datetime.fromisoformat("{random_date.isoformat()}")"""
+        return f"{field_name} = {field_value},"
+
    def field_to_js(self) -> str:
        field_name = camel_to_snake(self.name)
        default_value = "null"
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

 from collections.abc import Callable
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any

 from pydantic import BaseModel

@@ -11,8 +13,41 @@ def _do_nothing(*_):

 class CoreAppExtra:
    register_new_ext_routes: Callable = _do_nothing
+    register_new_wasm_ext_routes: Callable = _do_nothing
    register_new_ratelimiter: Callable

+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.wasm_extension_registry = WasmExtensionRegistry()
+
+
+class WasmExtensionRegistry:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._extensions: dict[str, Any] = {}
+
+    def register(self, extension: Any) -> None:
+        self.require_available(extension)
+        self._extensions[extension.id] = extension
+
+    def require_available(self, extension: Any) -> None:
+        existing = self._extensions.get(extension.id)
+        if existing and not _same_wasm_extension_registration(existing, extension):
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"WASM extension id '{extension.id}' is already registered."
+            )
+
+    def get(self, ext_id: str) -> Any | None:
+        return self._extensions.get(ext_id)
+
+    def list(self) -> list[Any]:
+        return list(self._extensions.values())
+
+
+def _same_wasm_extension_registration(left: Any, right: Any) -> bool:
+    try:
+        return Path(left.root_path).resolve() == Path(right.root_path).resolve()
+    except (AttributeError, TypeError):
+        return left is right
+

 class ConversionData(BaseModel):
    from_: str = "sat"
@@ -6,23 +6,17 @@ from typing import Literal

 from fastapi import Query
 from lnurl import LnurlWithdrawResponse
+from loguru import logger
 from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, validator

 from lnbits.db import FilterModel
-from lnbits.fiat import get_fiat_provider
 from lnbits.fiat.base import (
-    FiatPaymentFailedStatus,
-    FiatPaymentPendingStatus,
    FiatPaymentStatus,
-    FiatPaymentSuccessStatus,
 )
+from lnbits.helpers import is_valid_external_id
 from lnbits.utils.exchange_rates import allowed_currencies
-from lnbits.wallets import get_funding_source
 from lnbits.wallets.base import (
-    PaymentFailedStatus,
-    PaymentPendingStatus,
    PaymentStatus,
-    PaymentSuccessStatus,
 )


@@ -41,6 +35,11 @@ class PaymentExtra(BaseModel):
    lnurl_response: str | None = None


+class UpdatePaymentExtra(BaseModel):
+    payment_hash: str
+    extra: dict = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
 class PayInvoice(BaseModel):
    payment_request: str
    description: str | None = None
@@ -55,11 +54,17 @@ class CreatePayment(BaseModel):
    amount_msat: int
    memo: str
    extra: dict | None = {}
+    extension: str | None = None
    preimage: str | None = None
    expiry: datetime | None = None
    webhook: str | None = None
    fee: int = 0
    labels: list[str] | None = None
+    external_id: str | None = None
+
+    @validator("external_id")
+    def validate_external_id(cls, external_id):
+        return _validate_external_id(external_id)


 class Payment(BaseModel):
@@ -84,6 +89,11 @@ class Payment(BaseModel):
    updated_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=lambda: datetime.now(timezone.utc))
    labels: list[str] = []
    extra: dict = {}
+    external_id: str | None = None
+
+    @validator("external_id")
+    def validate_external_id(cls, external_id):
+        return _validate_external_id(external_id)

    def __init__(self, **data):
        super().__init__(**data)
@@ -130,59 +140,19 @@ class Payment(BaseModel):
            "fiat_"
        )

-    async def check_status(
-        self, skip_internal_payment_notifications: bool | None = False
-    ) -> PaymentStatus:
-        if self.is_internal:
-            if self.success:
-                return PaymentSuccessStatus()
-            if self.failed:
-                return PaymentFailedStatus()
-            if self.is_in and self.fiat_provider:
-                fiat_status = await self.check_fiat_status(
-                    skip_internal_payment_notifications
-                )
-                return PaymentStatus(paid=fiat_status.paid)
-            return PaymentPendingStatus()
-        funding_source = get_funding_source()
-        if self.is_out:
-            status = await funding_source.get_payment_status(self.checking_id)
-        else:
-            status = await funding_source.get_invoice_status(self.checking_id)
-        return status
+    # DEPRECATED: in v1.5.0, use service check_payment_status instead
+    async def check_status(self) -> PaymentStatus:
+        logger.warning("payment.check_status() is deprecated.")
+        from lnbits.core.services.payments import check_payment_status

-    async def check_fiat_status(
-        self, skip_internal_payment_notifications: bool | None = False
-    ) -> FiatPaymentStatus:
-        if not self.is_internal:
-            return FiatPaymentPendingStatus()
-        if self.success:
-            return FiatPaymentSuccessStatus()
-        if self.failed:
-            return FiatPaymentFailedStatus()
+        return await check_payment_status(self)

-        if not self.fiat_provider:
-            return FiatPaymentPendingStatus()
+    # DEPRECATED: in v1.5.0, use service check_payment_status instead
+    async def check_fiat_status(self) -> FiatPaymentStatus:
+        logger.warning("payment.check_fiat_status() is deprecated.")
+        from lnbits.core.services.fiat_providers import check_fiat_status

-        checking_id = self.extra.get("fiat_checking_id")
-        if not checking_id:
-            return FiatPaymentPendingStatus()
-
-        fiat_provider = await get_fiat_provider(self.fiat_provider)
-        if not fiat_provider:
-            return FiatPaymentPendingStatus()
-        fiat_status = await fiat_provider.get_invoice_status(checking_id)
-
-        if skip_internal_payment_notifications:
-            return fiat_status
-
-        if fiat_status.success:
-            # notify receivers asynchronously
-            from lnbits.tasks import internal_invoice_queue
-
-            await internal_invoice_queue.put(self.checking_id)
-
-        return fiat_status
+        return await check_fiat_status(self)


 class PaymentFilters(FilterModel):
@@ -194,6 +164,7 @@ class PaymentFilters(FilterModel):
        "status",
        "time",
        "labels",
+        "external_id",
    ]

    __sort_fields__ = [
@@ -204,11 +175,13 @@ class PaymentFilters(FilterModel):
        "memo",
        "time",
        "tag",
+        "external_id",
    ]

    status: str | None
    tag: str | None
    checking_id: str | None
+    external_id: str | None
    amount: int
    fee: int
    memo: str | None
@@ -287,11 +260,13 @@ class CreateInvoice(BaseModel):
    )
    expiry: int | None = None
    extra: dict | None = None
+    extension: str | None = None
    webhook: str | None = None
    bolt11: str | None = None
    lnurl_withdraw: LnurlWithdrawResponse | None = None
    fiat_provider: str | None = None
    labels: list[str] = []
+    external_id: str | None = Query(default=None, max_length=256)

    @validator("payment_hash")
    def check_hex(cls, v):
@@ -306,6 +281,10 @@ class CreateInvoice(BaseModel):
            raise ValueError("The provided unit is not supported")
        return v

+    @validator("external_id")
+    def validate_external_id(cls, external_id):
+        return _validate_external_id(external_id)
+

 class PaymentsStatusCount(BaseModel):
    incoming: int = 0
@@ -344,3 +323,12 @@ class CancelInvoice(BaseModel):

 class UpdatePaymentLabels(BaseModel):
    labels: list[str] = []
+
+
+def _validate_external_id(external_id: str | None) -> str | None:
+    if external_id and not is_valid_external_id(external_id):
+        raise ValueError(
+            "Invalid external id. Max length is 256 characters. "
+            "Space and newlines are not allowed."
+        )
+    return external_id
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"""SSO authentication providers for LNbits"""
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+"""Generic OIDC SSO Login Helper"""
+
+from typing import Optional
+
+import httpx
+from fastapi_sso.sso.base import DiscoveryDocument, OpenID, SSOBase
+
+
+class OidcSSO(SSOBase):
+    """Class providing login via Generic OIDC OAuth (e.g., Zitadel, Authentik, etc.)"""
+
+    provider = "oidc"
+    scope = ["openid", "email", "profile"]
+    discovery_url = ""
+
+    async def openid_from_response(
+        self, response: dict, session: Optional["httpx.AsyncClient"] = None
+    ) -> OpenID:
+        """Return OpenID from user information provided by OIDC provider"""
+        return OpenID(
+            email=response.get("email", ""),
+            provider=self.provider,
+            id=response.get("sub"),
+            first_name=response.get("given_name"),
+            last_name=response.get("family_name"),
+            display_name=response.get("name") or response.get("preferred_username"),
+            picture=response.get("picture"),
+        )
+
+    async def get_discovery_document(self) -> DiscoveryDocument:
+        """Get document containing handy urls"""
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient() as session:
+            response = await session.get(self.discovery_url)
+            content = response.json()
+
+            return content
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-from pydantic import BaseModel
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field


 class TinyURL(BaseModel):
@@ -6,4 +8,4 @@ class TinyURL(BaseModel):
    url: str
    endless: bool
    wallet: str
-    time: float
+    time: datetime = Field(default_factory=lambda: datetime.now(timezone.utc))
@@ -181,12 +181,14 @@ class AccountId(BaseModel):


 class Account(AccountId):
+    activated: bool = True
    external_id: str | None = None  # for external account linking
    username: str | None = None
    password_hash: str | None = None
    pubkey: str | None = None
    email: str | None = None
    extra: UserExtra = UserExtra()
+    ui_customization: dict = Field(default_factory=dict)

    created_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=lambda: datetime.now(timezone.utc))
    updated_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=lambda: datetime.now(timezone.utc))
@@ -240,6 +242,7 @@ class Account(AccountId):


 class AccountOverview(Account):
+    activated: bool = True
    transaction_count: int | None = 0
    wallet_count: int | None = 0
    balance_msat: int | None = 0
@@ -275,6 +278,7 @@ class AccountFilters(FilterModel):

 class User(BaseModel):
    id: str
+    activated: bool = True
    created_at: datetime
    updated_at: datetime
    email: str | None = None
@@ -288,6 +292,7 @@ class User(BaseModel):
    fiat_providers: list[str] = []
    has_password: bool = False
    extra: UserExtra = UserExtra()
+    ui_customization: dict = Field(default_factory=dict)

    @property
    def wallet_ids(self) -> list[str]:
@@ -313,6 +318,7 @@ class RegisterUser(BaseModel):
    username: str = Query(default=..., min_length=2, max_length=20)
    password: str = Query(default=..., min_length=8, max_length=50)
    password_repeat: str = Query(default=..., min_length=8, max_length=50)
+    invitation_code: str | None = Query(default=None, max_length=256)


 class CreateUser(BaseModel):
@@ -356,6 +362,7 @@ class UpdateSuperuserPassword(BaseModel):
    username: str = Query(default=..., min_length=2, max_length=20)
    password: str = Query(default=..., min_length=8, max_length=50)
    password_repeat: str = Query(default=..., min_length=8, max_length=50)
+    first_install_token: str | None = Query(None)


 class LoginUsr(BaseModel):
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+from .fiat_providers import check_fiat_status
 from .funding_source import (
    get_balance_delta,
    switch_to_voidwallet,
@@ -7,6 +8,7 @@ from .notifications import enqueue_admin_notification, send_payment_notification
 from .payments import (
    calculate_fiat_amounts,
    cancel_hold_invoice,
+    check_payment_status,
    check_transaction_status,
    check_wallet_limits,
    create_fiat_invoice,
@@ -40,6 +42,8 @@ __all__ = [
    "calculate_fiat_amounts",
    "cancel_hold_invoice",
    "check_admin_settings",
+    "check_fiat_status",
+    "check_payment_status",
    "check_transaction_status",
    "check_wallet_limits",
    "check_webpush_settings",
@@ -1,19 +1,59 @@
 import base64
 import io
+from urllib.parse import quote
 from uuid import uuid4

+import filetype
 from fastapi import UploadFile
+from loguru import logger
 from PIL import Image

 from lnbits.core.crud.assets import create_asset, get_user_assets_count
 from lnbits.core.models.assets import Asset
 from lnbits.settings import settings

+IMAGE_MIME_TYPE_ALIASES = {
+    "heic": "image/heic",
+    "heics": "image/heics",
+    "heif": "image/heif",
+    "image/jpg": "image/jpeg",
+    "jpeg": "image/jpeg",
+    "jpg": "image/jpeg",
+    "png": "image/png",
+}
+PIL_IMAGE_FORMAT_MIME_TYPES = {
+    "JPEG": "image/jpeg",
+    "PNG": "image/png",
+}
+INLINE_ASSET_MIME_TYPES = {
+    "image/heic",
+    "image/heics",
+    "image/heif",
+    "image/jpeg",
+    "image/png",
+}
+ASSET_SECURITY_HEADERS = {
+    "X-Content-Type-Options": "nosniff",
+    "Content-Security-Policy": (
+        "sandbox; default-src 'none'; script-src 'none'; "
+        "object-src 'none'; base-uri 'none'"
+    ),
+}
+THUMBNAIL_FORMAT_MIME_TYPES = {
+    "jpg": "image/jpeg",
+    "jpeg": "image/jpeg",
+    "png": "image/png",
+}
+

 async def create_user_asset(user_id: str, file: UploadFile, is_public: bool) -> Asset:
    if not file.content_type:
        raise ValueError("File must have a content type.")
-    if file.content_type.lower() not in settings.lnbits_assets_allowed_mime_types:
+
+    content_type = normalize_asset_mime_type(file.content_type)
+    filename = file.filename or "unnamed"
+
+    if content_type not in allowed_asset_mime_types():
        raise ValueError(f"File type '{file.content_type}' not allowed.")

    if not settings.is_unlimited_assets_user(user_id):
@@ -29,28 +69,126 @@ async def create_user_asset(user_id: str, file: UploadFile, is_public: bool) ->
            f"File limit of {settings.lnbits_max_asset_size_mb}MB exceeded."
        )

-    image = Image.open(io.BytesIO(contents))
+    stored_mime_type = detect_image_mime_type(contents)
+    if stored_mime_type != content_type:
+        logger.warning(
+            "Image MIME type mismatch: declared={}, detected={}",
+            content_type,
+            stored_mime_type,
+        )
+        raise ValueError(
+            "Image file content does not match declared file type. "
+            f"Declared: '{content_type}', detected: '{stored_mime_type}'."
+        )

-    thumbnail_width = min(256, settings.lnbits_asset_thumbnail_width)
-    thumbnail_height = min(256, settings.lnbits_asset_thumbnail_height)
-    image.thumbnail((thumbnail_width, thumbnail_height))
-
-    # Save thumbnail to an in-memory buffer
-    thumb_buffer = io.BytesIO()
-    thumbnail_format = settings.lnbits_asset_thumbnail_format or "PNG"
-    image.save(thumb_buffer, format=thumbnail_format)
-    thumb_buffer.seek(0)
+    thumb_buffer = thumbnail_from_bytes(contents)

    asset = Asset(
        id=uuid4().hex,
        user_id=user_id,
-        mime_type=file.content_type,
+        mime_type=stored_mime_type,
        is_public=is_public,
-        name=file.filename or "unnamed",
+        name=filename,
        size_bytes=len(contents),
-        thumbnail_base64=base64.b64encode(thumb_buffer.getvalue()).decode("utf-8"),
+        thumbnail_base64=(
+            base64.b64encode(thumb_buffer.getvalue()).decode("utf-8")
+            if thumb_buffer
+            else None
+        ),
        data=contents,
    )

    await create_asset(asset)
    return asset
+
+
+def normalize_asset_mime_type(content_type: str) -> str:
+    content_type = content_type.split(";", 1)[0].strip().lower()
+    return IMAGE_MIME_TYPE_ALIASES.get(content_type, content_type)
+
+
+def normalize_media_type(media_type: str) -> str:
+    return media_type.split(";", 1)[0].strip().lower() or "application/octet-stream"
+
+
+def thumbnail_media_type() -> str:
+    thumbnail_format = (settings.lnbits_asset_thumbnail_format or "png").strip().lower()
+    return THUMBNAIL_FORMAT_MIME_TYPES.get(thumbnail_format, "application/octet-stream")
+
+
+def content_disposition(disposition: str, filename: str) -> str:
+    safe_filename = filename or "unnamed"
+    quoted_filename = quote(safe_filename, safe="")
+    if quoted_filename == safe_filename:
+        return f'{disposition}; filename="{safe_filename}"'
+    return f"{disposition}; filename*=utf-8''{quoted_filename}"
+
+
+def allowed_asset_mime_types() -> set[str]:
+    return {
+        mime_type
+        for mime_type in (
+            normalize_asset_mime_type(mime_type)
+            for mime_type in settings.lnbits_assets_allowed_mime_types
+        )
+        if mime_type.startswith("image/")
+    }
+
+
+def detect_image_mime_type(contents: bytes) -> str:
+    kind = filetype.guess(contents)
+    mime_type = normalize_asset_mime_type(kind.mime) if kind else None
+
+    if mime_type and mime_type in PIL_IMAGE_FORMAT_MIME_TYPES.values():
+        verify_pil_image(contents, mime_type)
+        return mime_type
+
+    if mime_type and mime_type.startswith("image/"):
+        return mime_type
+
+    try:
+        with Image.open(io.BytesIO(contents)) as image:
+            image.verify()
+            mime_type = PIL_IMAGE_FORMAT_MIME_TYPES.get(image.format or "")
+    except Exception as exc:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "Image file content does not match declared file type."
+        ) from exc
+
+    if not mime_type:
+        raise ValueError("Image file content does not match declared file type.")
+
+    return mime_type
+
+
+def verify_pil_image(contents: bytes, mime_type: str) -> None:
+    try:
+        with Image.open(io.BytesIO(contents)) as image:
+            image.verify()
+            detected_mime_type = PIL_IMAGE_FORMAT_MIME_TYPES.get(image.format or "")
+    except Exception as exc:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "Image file content does not match declared file type."
+        ) from exc
+
+    if detected_mime_type != mime_type:
+        raise ValueError("Image file content does not match declared file type.")
+
+
+def thumbnail_from_bytes(contents: bytes) -> io.BytesIO | None:
+    try:
+        image = Image.open(io.BytesIO(contents))
+
+        thumbnail_width = min(256, settings.lnbits_asset_thumbnail_width)
+        thumbnail_height = min(256, settings.lnbits_asset_thumbnail_height)
+        image.thumbnail((thumbnail_width, thumbnail_height))
+
+        # Save thumbnail to an in-memory buffer
+        thumb_buffer = io.BytesIO()
+        thumbnail_format = settings.lnbits_asset_thumbnail_format or "PNG"
+        image.save(thumb_buffer, format=thumbnail_format)
+        thumb_buffer.seek(0)
+        return thumb_buffer
+    except Exception as exc:
+        logger.warning(f"Failed to create thumbnail: {exc}")
+        return None
@@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
 import asyncio
 import importlib
+import re
+from collections.abc import Mapping
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from threading import RLock
+from typing import Any
+from uuid import uuid4

 from loguru import logger

@@ -9,21 +16,177 @@ from lnbits.core.crud import (
    delete_installed_extension,
    get_db_version,
    get_installed_extension,
+    get_installed_extensions_count,
    update_installed_extension_state,
 )
 from lnbits.core.crud.extensions import (
+    create_wasm_invocation,
+    delete_old_wasm_invocations,
    get_installed_extensions,
+    get_wasm_invocation,
+    mark_stale_wasm_invocations,
    update_installed_extension,
+    update_installed_extension_wasm_runtime_limits,
+    update_wasm_invocation,
+)
+from lnbits.core.crud.extensions import (
+    get_wasm_invocation_stats as get_wasm_invocation_stats_crud,
+)
+from lnbits.core.crud.extensions import (
+    get_wasm_invocations as get_wasm_invocations_crud,
 )
 from lnbits.core.helpers import migrate_extension_database
+from lnbits.core.wasm_ext.api.permissions import validate_wasm_extension_permissions
+from lnbits.core.wasm_ext.wasm.loader import is_wasm_extension_id
 from lnbits.db import Connection
-from lnbits.settings import settings
+from lnbits.settings import WasmRuntimeLimits, settings

-from ..models.extensions import Extension, ExtensionMeta, InstallableExtension
+from ..models.extensions import (
+    Extension,
+    ExtensionMeta,
+    ExtensionPermission,
+    InstallableExtension,
+    WasmInvocation,
+    WasmInvocationStats,
+)
+
+_WASM_INVOCATION_CLEANUP_INTERVAL = timedelta(hours=1)
+WASM_RUNTIME_LIMIT_FIELDS = tuple(WasmRuntimeLimits.__fields__.keys())
+
+
+@dataclass
+class WasmInvocationHandle:
+    invocation: WasmInvocation
+    engine: Any | None = None
+    store: Any | None = None
+    runtime_limits: dict[str, int] | None = None
+    stop_requested: bool = False
+    stop_reason: str | None = None
+
+
+_wasm_invocation_lock = RLock()
+_wasm_invocation_ready_lock = asyncio.Lock()
+_wasm_invocation_handles: dict[str, WasmInvocationHandle] = {}
+_wasm_invocations_marked_stale = False
+_wasm_invocations_last_cleanup_at: datetime | None = None
+
+
+def wasm_runtime_limit_defaults() -> dict[str, int]:
+    return {field: int(getattr(settings, field)) for field in WASM_RUNTIME_LIMIT_FIELDS}
+
+
+def validate_wasm_runtime_limit_overrides(
+    limits: Mapping[str, Any] | None,
+    *,
+    strict: bool = True,
+) -> dict[str, int]:
+    if not limits:
+        return {}
+
+    validated: dict[str, int] = {}
+    for field, raw_value in limits.items():
+        if field not in WASM_RUNTIME_LIMIT_FIELDS:
+            if strict:
+                raise ValueError(f"Unknown WASM runtime limit field '{field}'.")
+            continue
+
+        value = _validate_wasm_runtime_limit_value(field, raw_value, strict=strict)
+        if value is None:
+            continue
+        validated[field] = value
+
+    return validated
+
+
+def _validate_wasm_runtime_limit_value(
+    field: str,
+    raw_value: Any,
+    *,
+    strict: bool,
+) -> int | None:
+    if raw_value is None or raw_value == "":
+        return None
+    if isinstance(raw_value, bool):
+        return _invalid_wasm_runtime_limit(field, strict, "must be an integer")
+    if isinstance(raw_value, str):
+        raw_value = raw_value.strip()
+        if raw_value == "":
+            return None
+        if not raw_value.isdecimal():
+            return _invalid_wasm_runtime_limit(field, strict, "must be an integer")
+    if isinstance(raw_value, float) and not raw_value.is_integer():
+        return _invalid_wasm_runtime_limit(field, strict, "must be an integer")
+
+    try:
+        value = int(raw_value)
+    except (TypeError, ValueError) as exc:
+        return _invalid_wasm_runtime_limit(
+            field,
+            strict,
+            "must be an integer",
+            exc=exc,
+        )
+    if value < 0:
+        return _invalid_wasm_runtime_limit(field, strict, "cannot be negative")
+    return value
+
+
+def _invalid_wasm_runtime_limit(
+    field: str,
+    strict: bool,
+    message: str,
+    *,
+    exc: Exception | None = None,
+) -> int | None:
+    if not strict:
+        return None
+    error = ValueError(f"WASM runtime limit '{field}' {message}.")
+    if exc:
+        raise error from exc
+    raise error
+
+
+def resolve_wasm_runtime_limits(
+    installed_extension: InstallableExtension | None = None,
+) -> dict[str, int]:
+    limits = wasm_runtime_limit_defaults()
+    if installed_extension:
+        limits.update(
+            validate_wasm_runtime_limit_overrides(
+                installed_extension.wasm_runtime_limits,
+                strict=False,
+            )
+        )
+    return limits
+
+
+async def get_wasm_runtime_limits_for_extension(ext_id: str) -> dict[str, int]:
+    installed_extension = await get_installed_extension(ext_id)
+    return resolve_wasm_runtime_limits(installed_extension)
+
+
+async def update_wasm_extension_runtime_limits(
+    ext_id: str,
+    limits: Mapping[str, Any] | None,
+) -> dict[str, int]:
+    installed_extension = await get_installed_extension(ext_id)
+    if not installed_extension:
+        raise ValueError(f"Extension '{ext_id}' is not installed.")
+    if not installed_extension.is_wasm:
+        raise ValueError(f"Extension '{ext_id}' is not a WASM extension.")
+
+    validated_limits = validate_wasm_runtime_limit_overrides(limits)
+    await update_installed_extension_wasm_runtime_limits(
+        ext_id=ext_id,
+        limits=validated_limits,
+    )
+    return validated_limits


 async def install_extension(
-    ext_info: InstallableExtension, skip_download: bool | None = False
+    ext_info: InstallableExtension,
+    skip_download: bool | None = False,
+    granted_permissions: list[ExtensionPermission] | None = None,
 ) -> Extension:

    ext_info.meta = ext_info.meta or ExtensionMeta()
@@ -37,10 +200,19 @@ async def install_extension(
    installed_ext = await get_installed_extension(ext_info.id)
    if installed_ext and installed_ext.meta:
        ext_info.meta.payments = installed_ext.meta.payments
+    if installed_ext:
+        ext_info.wasm_runtime_limits = installed_ext.wasm_runtime_limits
+
+    await check_extensions_limit(installed_ext)

    if not skip_download:
        await ext_info.download_archive()

+    extension_config = ext_info.load_archive_config()
+    ext_info.permissions = validate_wasm_extension_permissions(
+        ext_info, granted_permissions, extension_config
+    )
+
    ext_info.extract_archive()

    db_version = await get_db_version(ext_info.id)
@@ -58,11 +230,409 @@ async def install_extension(
        # call stop while the old routes are still active
        await stop_extension_background_work(ext_info.id)

-    await start_extension_background_work(ext_info.id)
+    if not extension.is_wasm:
+        await start_extension_background_work(ext_info.id)

    return extension


+async def check_extensions_limit(installed_ext: InstallableExtension | None = None):
+    if settings.lnbits_max_extensions == 0 or installed_ext:
+        return
+
+    extensions_count = await get_installed_extensions_count()
+    if extensions_count >= settings.lnbits_max_extensions:
+        raise ValueError("Max amount of extensions have been installed")
+
+
+async def ensure_wasm_invocation_monitoring_ready() -> None:
+    global _wasm_invocations_last_cleanup_at, _wasm_invocations_marked_stale
+
+    async with _wasm_invocation_ready_lock:
+        now = _now()
+        if not _wasm_invocations_marked_stale:
+            await mark_stale_wasm_invocations()
+            _wasm_invocations_marked_stale = True
+
+        if (
+            _wasm_invocations_last_cleanup_at is None
+            or now - _wasm_invocations_last_cleanup_at
+            >= _WASM_INVOCATION_CLEANUP_INTERVAL
+        ):
+            _wasm_invocations_last_cleanup_at = now
+            await delete_old_wasm_invocations(
+                settings.lnbits_wasm_invocation_retention_days
+            )
+
+
+async def start_wasm_invocation(
+    *,
+    extension_id: str,
+    export_name: str,
+    trigger_type: str = "unknown",
+    user_id: str | None = None,
+    wallet_id: str | None = None,
+    request_id: str | None = None,
+    method: str | None = None,
+    path: str | None = None,
+    event_type: str | None = None,
+    payment_hash: str | None = None,
+    checking_id: str | None = None,
+    request_bytes: int | None = None,
+    context: dict | None = None,
+    runtime_limits: dict[str, int] | None = None,
+) -> WasmInvocation:
+    await ensure_wasm_invocation_monitoring_ready()
+    _check_wasm_invocation_concurrency(
+        extension_id=extension_id,
+        user_id=user_id,
+        limits=runtime_limits,
+    )
+
+    invocation = WasmInvocation(
+        id=uuid4().hex,
+        extension_id=extension_id,
+        export_name=export_name,
+        trigger_type=trigger_type,
+        user_id=user_id,
+        wallet_id=wallet_id,
+        request_id=request_id,
+        method=method,
+        path=path,
+        event_type=event_type,
+        payment_hash=payment_hash,
+        checking_id=checking_id,
+        request_bytes=request_bytes,
+        context=_safe_wasm_invocation_context(context or {}),
+    )
+    await create_wasm_invocation(invocation)
+
+    with _wasm_invocation_lock:
+        _wasm_invocation_handles[invocation.id] = WasmInvocationHandle(
+            invocation,
+            runtime_limits=runtime_limits,
+        )
+
+    return invocation
+
+
+def attach_wasm_invocation_runtime(
+    invocation_id: str,
+    *,
+    engine: Any,
+    store: Any,
+) -> None:
+    with _wasm_invocation_lock:
+        handle = _wasm_invocation_handles.get(invocation_id)
+        if not handle:
+            return
+        handle.engine = engine
+        handle.store = store
+        if handle.stop_requested:
+            _interrupt_wasm_invocation(handle)
+
+
+def record_wasm_invocation_host_call(
+    invocation_id: str | None,
+    method_id: str,
+) -> None:
+    if not invocation_id:
+        return
+
+    with _wasm_invocation_lock:
+        handle = _wasm_invocation_handles.get(invocation_id)
+        if not handle:
+            return
+
+        invocation = handle.invocation
+        invocation.host_call_count += 1
+        category = _wasm_host_call_category(method_id)
+        if category == "http":
+            invocation.http_call_count += 1
+        elif category == "storage":
+            invocation.storage_call_count += 1
+        elif category == "wallet":
+            invocation.wallet_call_count += 1
+
+        _check_wasm_host_call_limit(invocation, category, handle.runtime_limits)
+
+
+async def stop_wasm_invocation(
+    invocation_id: str,
+    *,
+    reason: str = "Stopped by admin.",
+) -> bool:
+    interrupted = False
+    with _wasm_invocation_lock:
+        handle = _wasm_invocation_handles.get(invocation_id)
+        if handle:
+            handle.stop_requested = True
+            handle.stop_reason = reason
+            handle.invocation.stop_reason = reason
+            interrupted = _interrupt_wasm_invocation(handle)
+
+    invocation = await get_wasm_invocation(invocation_id)
+    if invocation and invocation.status == "running":
+        invocation.stop_reason = reason
+        await update_wasm_invocation(invocation)
+
+    return interrupted
+
+
+async def stop_wasm_extension_invocations(
+    extension_id: str,
+    *,
+    reason: str = "Extension deactivated.",
+) -> int:
+    with _wasm_invocation_lock:
+        invocation_ids = [
+            invocation_id
+            for invocation_id, handle in _wasm_invocation_handles.items()
+            if handle.invocation.extension_id == extension_id
+        ]
+
+    for invocation_id in invocation_ids:
+        await stop_wasm_invocation(invocation_id, reason=reason)
+
+    return len(invocation_ids)
+
+
+def wasm_invocation_stop_requested(invocation_id: str) -> bool:
+    with _wasm_invocation_lock:
+        handle = _wasm_invocation_handles.get(invocation_id)
+        return bool(handle and handle.stop_requested)
+
+
+def get_wasm_invocation_stop_reason(invocation_id: str) -> str | None:
+    with _wasm_invocation_lock:
+        handle = _wasm_invocation_handles.get(invocation_id)
+        return handle.stop_reason if handle else None
+
+
+async def finish_wasm_invocation(
+    invocation_id: str,
+    *,
+    status: str,
+    response_bytes: int | None = None,
+    memory_peak_bytes: int | None = None,
+    error_type: str | None = None,
+    error_message: str | None = None,
+    stop_reason: str | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    with _wasm_invocation_lock:
+        handle = _wasm_invocation_handles.pop(invocation_id, None)
+
+    invocation = (
+        handle.invocation if handle else await get_wasm_invocation(invocation_id)
+    )
+    if not invocation:
+        return
+
+    reason = stop_reason or (handle.stop_reason if handle else None)
+    if handle and handle.stop_requested and status == "failed":
+        status = "stopped"
+        reason = reason or "Stopped by admin."
+
+    finished_at = _now()
+    invocation.status = status
+    invocation.finished_at = finished_at
+    invocation.duration_ms = max(
+        0, int((finished_at - invocation.started_at).total_seconds() * 1000)
+    )
+    invocation.response_bytes = response_bytes
+    invocation.memory_peak_bytes = memory_peak_bytes
+    invocation.error_type = error_type
+    invocation.error_message = _safe_wasm_error_message(error_message)
+    invocation.stop_reason = reason
+
+    await update_wasm_invocation(invocation)
+
+
+def get_current_wasm_invocations(
+    extension_id: str | None = None,
+) -> list[WasmInvocation]:
+    with _wasm_invocation_lock:
+        invocations = []
+        for handle in _wasm_invocation_handles.values():
+            if extension_id and handle.invocation.extension_id != extension_id:
+                continue
+            invocation = handle.invocation.copy(deep=True)
+            if handle.stop_requested and invocation.status == "running":
+                invocation.status = "stopping"
+                invocation.stop_reason = handle.stop_reason
+            invocations.append(invocation)
+
+    return sorted(
+        invocations, key=lambda invocation: invocation.started_at, reverse=True
+    )
+
+
+def _check_wasm_invocation_concurrency(
+    *,
+    extension_id: str,
+    user_id: str | None,
+    limits: dict[str, int] | None,
+) -> None:
+    if not limits:
+        return
+
+    with _wasm_invocation_lock:
+        handles = list(_wasm_invocation_handles.values())
+        if _wasm_limit_exceeded(
+            limits["wasm_runtime_max_concurrent_invocations"],
+            len(handles) + 1,
+        ):
+            raise ValueError("WASM runtime has too many active invocations.")
+
+        extension_invocations = sum(
+            1 for handle in handles if handle.invocation.extension_id == extension_id
+        )
+        if _wasm_limit_exceeded(
+            limits["wasm_runtime_max_concurrent_invocations_per_extension"],
+            extension_invocations + 1,
+        ):
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"WASM extension '{extension_id}' has too many active invocations."
+            )
+
+        if not user_id:
+            return
+
+        user_invocations = sum(
+            1 for handle in handles if handle.invocation.user_id == user_id
+        )
+        if _wasm_limit_exceeded(
+            limits["wasm_runtime_max_concurrent_invocations_per_user"],
+            user_invocations + 1,
+        ):
+            raise ValueError("WASM user has too many active invocations.")
+
+
+def _check_wasm_host_call_limit(
+    invocation: WasmInvocation,
+    category: str,
+    limits: dict[str, int] | None,
+) -> None:
+    if not limits:
+        return
+
+    if _wasm_limit_exceeded(
+        limits["wasm_runtime_max_host_calls"],
+        invocation.host_call_count,
+    ):
+        raise ValueError("WASM host call limit exceeded.")
+
+    category_limits = {
+        "http": (
+            limits["wasm_runtime_max_http_calls"],
+            invocation.http_call_count,
+        ),
+        "storage": (
+            limits["wasm_runtime_max_storage_calls"],
+            invocation.storage_call_count,
+        ),
+        "wallet": (
+            limits["wasm_runtime_max_wallet_calls"],
+            invocation.wallet_call_count,
+        ),
+    }
+    category_limit = category_limits.get(category)
+    if category_limit and _wasm_limit_exceeded(*category_limit):
+        raise ValueError(f"WASM {category} host call limit exceeded.")
+
+
+def _wasm_limit_exceeded(limit: int, value: int) -> bool:
+    return limit > 0 and value > limit
+
+
+async def get_wasm_invocation_history(
+    *,
+    extension_id: str | None = None,
+    status: str | None = None,
+    limit: int = 100,
+    offset: int = 0,
+) -> list[WasmInvocation]:
+    await ensure_wasm_invocation_monitoring_ready()
+    return await get_wasm_invocations_crud(
+        extension_id=extension_id,
+        status=status,
+        limit=limit,
+        offset=offset,
+    )
+
+
+async def get_wasm_invocation_summary(
+    *,
+    extension_id: str | None = None,
+    hours: int = 24,
+) -> WasmInvocationStats:
+    await ensure_wasm_invocation_monitoring_ready()
+    since = _now() - timedelta(hours=max(1, min(hours, 24 * 30)))
+    return await get_wasm_invocation_stats_crud(
+        extension_id=extension_id,
+        since=since,
+    )
+
+
+def _interrupt_wasm_invocation(handle: WasmInvocationHandle) -> bool:
+    if not handle.store or not handle.engine:
+        return False
+    try:
+        handle.store.set_epoch_deadline(1)
+        handle.engine.increment_epoch()
+        return True
+    except Exception as exc:
+        logger.warning(
+            f"Failed to interrupt WASM invocation '{handle.invocation.id}': {exc}"
+        )
+        return False
+
+
+def _wasm_host_call_category(method_id: str) -> str:
+    if method_id.startswith("http.") or method_id.startswith("extension.api."):
+        return "http"
+    if method_id.startswith("storage."):
+        return "storage"
+    if method_id.startswith("wallet."):
+        return "wallet"
+    return "host"
+
+
+def _safe_wasm_invocation_context(context: dict) -> dict:
+    safe_context: dict = {}
+    for key, value in context.items():
+        if not isinstance(key, str):
+            continue
+        if value is None or isinstance(value, (bool, int, float)):
+            safe_context[key[:64]] = value
+        elif isinstance(value, str):
+            safe_context[key[:64]] = value[:256]
+    return safe_context
+
+
+def _safe_wasm_error_message(message: str | None) -> str | None:
+    if not message:
+        return None
+
+    safe_message = message[:500]
+    redactions = [
+        (
+            r"(?i)(api[-_ ]?key|token|authorization|password|secret|preimage)"
+            r"\s*[:=]\s*[^\s,;]+",
+            r"\1=[redacted]",
+        ),
+        (r"(?i)bearer\s+[A-Za-z0-9._~+/=-]+", "Bearer [redacted]"),
+        (r"\b[a-fA-F0-9]{64}\b", "[redacted-hex]"),
+    ]
+    for pattern, replacement in redactions:
+        safe_message = re.sub(pattern, replacement, safe_message)
+    return safe_message
+
+
+def _now() -> datetime:
+    return datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+
+
 async def uninstall_extension(ext_id: str):
    await stop_extension_background_work(ext_id)

@@ -75,12 +645,19 @@ async def uninstall_extension(ext_id: str):


 async def activate_extension(ext: Extension):
+    if ext.is_wasm:
+        core_app_extra.register_new_wasm_ext_routes(ext.code)
+        await update_installed_extension_state(ext_id=ext.code, active=True)
+        return
+
    core_app_extra.register_new_ext_routes(ext)
    await update_installed_extension_state(ext_id=ext.code, active=True)
    await start_extension_background_work(ext.code)


 async def deactivate_extension(ext_id: str):
+    if is_wasm_extension_id(ext_id):
+        await stop_wasm_extension_invocations(ext_id, reason="Extension deactivated.")
    settings.deactivate_extension_paths(ext_id)
    await update_installed_extension_state(ext_id=ext_id, active=False)
    await stop_extension_background_work(ext_id)
@@ -91,6 +668,9 @@ async def stop_extension_background_work(ext_id: str) -> bool:
    Stop background work for extension (like asyncio.Tasks, WebSockets, etc).
    Extension must expose a `myextension_stop()` function if it is starting tasks.
    """
+    if is_wasm_extension_id(ext_id):
+        return True
+
    upgrade_hash = settings.extension_upgrade_hash(ext_id)
    ext = Extension(code=ext_id, is_valid=True, upgrade_hash=upgrade_hash)

@@ -123,6 +703,9 @@ async def start_extension_background_work(ext_id: str) -> bool:
    Extension CAN expose a `myextension_start()` function if it is starting tasks.
    Extension MUST expose a `myextension_stop()` in that case.
    """
+    if is_wasm_extension_id(ext_id):
+        return False
+
    upgrade_hash = settings.extension_upgrade_hash(ext_id)
    ext = Extension(code=ext_id, is_valid=True, upgrade_hash=upgrade_hash)

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ from lnbits.helpers import (
    camel_to_words,
    download_url,
    lowercase_first_letter,
+    snake_to_camel,
 )
 from lnbits.settings import settings

@@ -195,13 +196,29 @@ def _copy_ext_stub_to_build_dir(
    ext_build_dir = Path(working_dir, new_ext_id, working_dir_name, new_ext_id)
    shutil.rmtree(ext_build_dir, True)

-    shutil.copytree(ext_stub_cache_dir, ext_build_dir)
+    shutil.copytree(
+        ext_stub_cache_dir,
+        ext_build_dir,
+        ignore=shutil.ignore_patterns(
+            "__pycache__",
+            ".git",
+            ".env",
+            ".venv",
+            "*.env",
+            "*.log",
+            "node_modules",
+            ".mypy_cache",
+            ".pytest_cache",
+            ".ruff_cache",
+        ),
+    )
    return ext_build_dir


 def _replace_jinja_placeholders(data: ExtensionData, ext_stub_dir: Path) -> None:
    parsed_data = _parse_extension_data(data)
-    for py_file in py_files:
+    test_files = [f"tests/{p.name}" for p in Path(ext_stub_dir, "tests").glob("*.py")]
+    for py_file in py_files + test_files:
        template_path = Path(ext_stub_dir, py_file).as_posix()
        rederer = _render_file(template_path, parsed_data)
        with open(template_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
@@ -209,7 +226,7 @@ def _replace_jinja_placeholders(data: ExtensionData, ext_stub_dir: Path) -> None

        _remove_lines_with_string(template_path, remove_line_marker)

-    template_path = Path(ext_stub_dir, "static", "js", "index.js").as_posix()
+    template_path = Path(ext_stub_dir, "static", "index.js").as_posix()
    rederer = _render_file(
        template_path, {"preview": data.preview_action, **parsed_data}
    )
@@ -234,9 +251,7 @@ def _replace_jinja_placeholders(data: ExtensionData, ext_stub_dir: Path) -> None
        "settingsFormDialog.data",
        ext_stub_dir,
    )
-    template_path = Path(
-        ext_stub_dir, "templates", "extension_builder_stub", "index.html"
-    ).as_posix()
+    template_path = Path(ext_stub_dir, "static", "index.vue").as_posix()
    rederer = _render_file(
        template_path,
        {
@@ -263,12 +278,12 @@ def _replace_jinja_placeholders(data: ExtensionData, ext_stub_dir: Path) -> None
        "publicClientData",
        ext_stub_dir,
    )
-    public_template_path = Path(
-        ext_stub_dir, "templates", "extension_builder_stub", "public_page.html"
-    )
+    public_template_path = Path(ext_stub_dir, "static", "public_page.vue")
+    public_component_path = Path(ext_stub_dir, "static", "public_page.js")
    template_path = public_template_path.as_posix()
    if not data.public_page.has_public_page:
        public_template_path.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+        public_component_path.unlink(missing_ok=True)
    else:
        rederer = _render_file(
            template_path,
@@ -308,8 +323,10 @@ def zip_directory(source_dir, zip_path):

 def _rename_extension_builder_stub(data: ExtensionData, extension_dir: Path) -> None:
    extension_dir_path = extension_dir.as_posix()
+    # the order of fields is important, do not chage
    rename_values = {
        "extension_builder_stub_name": data.name,
+        "extension_builder_stub_camel_name": snake_to_camel(data.id, True),
        "extension_builder_stub_short_description": data.short_description or "",
        "extension_builder_stub": data.id,
        "OwnerData": data.owner_data.name,
@@ -328,7 +345,7 @@ def _rename_extension_builder_stub(data: ExtensionData, extension_dir: Path) ->
            directory=extension_dir_path,
            old_text=old_text,
            new_text=new_text,
-            file_extensions=[".py", ".js", ".html", ".md", ".json", ".toml"],
+            file_extensions=[".py", ".js", ".vue", ".html", ".md", ".json", ".toml"],
        )

    _rename_files_and_dirs_in_directory(
@@ -406,6 +423,7 @@ def _parse_extension_data(data: ExtensionData) -> dict:
        "owner_data": {
            "name": data.owner_data.name,
            "editable": data.owner_data.editable,
+            "fields": [field.name for field in data.owner_data.fields],
            "js_fields": [
                field.field_to_js()
                for field in data.owner_data.fields
@@ -432,6 +450,18 @@ def _parse_extension_data(data: ExtensionData) -> dict:
            ],
            "db_fields": [field.field_to_db() for field in data.owner_data.fields],
            "all_fields": [field.field_to_py() for field in data.owner_data.fields],
+            "random_fields_values": [
+                field.field_to_random_value() for field in data.owner_data.fields
+            ],
+            "public_fields": [
+                field.field_to_py()
+                for field in data.owner_data.fields
+                if field.name
+                in [
+                    data.public_page.owner_data_fields.name,
+                    data.public_page.owner_data_fields.description,
+                ]
+            ],
        },
        "client_data": {
            "name": data.client_data.name,
@@ -457,6 +487,9 @@ def _parse_extension_data(data: ExtensionData) -> dict:
            ],
            "db_fields": [field.field_to_db() for field in data.client_data.fields],
            "all_fields": [field.field_to_py() for field in data.client_data.fields],
+            "random_fields_values": [
+                field.field_to_random_value() for field in data.client_data.fields
+            ],
        },
        "settings_data": {
            "enabled": data.settings_data.enabled,
@@ -536,7 +569,7 @@ def _rename_files_and_dirs_in_directory(directory, old_text, new_text):
                    logger.warning(f"Failed to rename directory {old_dir_path}: {e}")


-def _is_excluded_dir(path):
+def _is_excluded_dir(path: str) -> bool:
    for excluded_dir in excluded_dirs:
        if path.startswith(excluded_dir):
            return True
@@ -2,17 +2,25 @@ import hashlib
 import hmac
 import json
 import time
+from base64 import b64encode

 import httpx
 from loguru import logger

 from lnbits.core.crud import get_wallet
-from lnbits.core.crud.payments import create_payment
+from lnbits.core.crud.payments import create_payment, update_payment
 from lnbits.core.models import CreatePayment, Payment, PaymentState
 from lnbits.core.models.misc import SimpleStatus
 from lnbits.db import Connection
 from lnbits.fiat import get_fiat_provider
+from lnbits.fiat.base import (
+    FiatPaymentFailedStatus,
+    FiatPaymentPendingStatus,
+    FiatPaymentStatus,
+    FiatPaymentSuccessStatus,
+)
 from lnbits.settings import settings
+from lnbits.task_manager import task_manager


 async def handle_fiat_payment_confirmation(
@@ -29,6 +37,35 @@ async def handle_fiat_payment_confirmation(
        logger.warning(e)


+async def check_fiat_status(payment: Payment) -> FiatPaymentStatus:
+    if not payment.is_internal:
+        return FiatPaymentPendingStatus()
+    if payment.success:
+        return FiatPaymentSuccessStatus()
+    if payment.failed:
+        return FiatPaymentFailedStatus()
+
+    if not payment.fiat_provider:
+        return FiatPaymentPendingStatus()
+
+    checking_id = payment.extra.get("fiat_checking_id")
+    if not checking_id:
+        return FiatPaymentPendingStatus()
+
+    fiat_provider = await get_fiat_provider(payment.fiat_provider)
+    if not fiat_provider:
+        return FiatPaymentPendingStatus()
+    fiat_status = await fiat_provider.get_invoice_status(checking_id)
+
+    if fiat_status.success:
+        payment.status = PaymentState.SUCCESS.value
+        await update_payment(payment)
+        await handle_fiat_payment_confirmation(payment)
+        task_manager.internal_invoice_queue.put_nowait(payment)
+
+    return fiat_status
+
+
 def check_stripe_signature(
    payload: bytes,
    sig_header: str | None,
@@ -78,8 +115,8 @@ async def verify_paypal_webhook(headers, payload: bytes):
    """
    webhook_id = settings.paypal_webhook_id
    if not webhook_id:
-        logger.warning("PayPal webhook ID not set; skipping verification.")
-        return
+        logger.warning("PayPal webhook ID not set.")
+        raise ValueError("PayPal webhook cannot be verified. Missing webhook ID.")

    required_headers = {
        "PAYPAL-TRANSMISSION-ID": headers.get("PAYPAL-TRANSMISSION-ID"),
@@ -89,8 +126,8 @@ async def verify_paypal_webhook(headers, payload: bytes):
        "PAYPAL-AUTH-ALGO": headers.get("PAYPAL-AUTH-ALGO"),
    }
    if not all(required_headers.values()):
-        logger.warning("Missing PayPal webhook headers; skipping verification.")
-        return
+        logger.warning("Missing PayPal webhook headers.")
+        raise ValueError("PayPal webhook cannot be verified. Missing headers.")

    try:
        async with httpx.AsyncClient(base_url=settings.paypal_api_endpoint) as client:
@@ -129,6 +166,82 @@ async def verify_paypal_webhook(headers, payload: bytes):
        raise ValueError("PayPal webhook cannot be verified.") from exc


+def check_square_signature(
+    payload: bytes,
+    sig_header: str | None,
+    secret: str | None,
+    notification_url: str | None,
+):
+    if not sig_header:
+        logger.warning("Square signature header is missing.")
+        raise ValueError("Square signature header is missing.")
+
+    if not secret:
+        logger.warning("Square webhook signature key is not set.")
+        raise ValueError("Square webhook cannot be verified.")
+
+    if not notification_url:
+        logger.warning("Square webhook notification URL is not set.")
+        raise ValueError("Square webhook cannot be verified.")
+
+    signed_payload = notification_url.encode() + payload
+    computed_signature = b64encode(
+        hmac.new(
+            key=secret.encode(), msg=signed_payload, digestmod=hashlib.sha256
+        ).digest()
+    ).decode()
+
+    if hmac.compare_digest(computed_signature, sig_header) is not True:
+        logger.warning("Square signature verification failed.")
+        raise ValueError("Square signature verification failed.")
+
+
+def check_revolut_signature(
+    payload: bytes,
+    sig_header: str | None,
+    timestamp_header: str | None,
+    secret: str | None,
+    tolerance_seconds=300,
+):
+    if not sig_header:
+        logger.warning("Revolut signature header is missing.")
+        raise ValueError("Revolut signature header is missing.")
+
+    if not timestamp_header:
+        logger.warning("Revolut timestamp header is missing.")
+        raise ValueError("Revolut timestamp header is missing.")
+
+    if not secret:
+        logger.warning("Revolut webhook signing secret is not set.")
+        raise ValueError("Revolut webhook cannot be verified.")
+
+    try:
+        timestamp = int(timestamp_header)
+    except ValueError as exc:
+        logger.warning("Invalid Revolut timestamp.")
+        raise ValueError("Invalid Revolut timestamp.") from exc
+
+    timestamp_seconds = timestamp / 1000 if timestamp > 9999999999 else timestamp
+
+    if abs(time.time() - timestamp_seconds) > tolerance_seconds:
+        logger.warning("Timestamp outside tolerance.")
+        raise ValueError("Timestamp outside tolerance." f"Timestamp: {timestamp}")
+
+    signed_payload = b"v1." + timestamp_header.encode() + b"." + payload
+    digest = hmac.new(
+        key=secret.encode(), msg=signed_payload, digestmod=hashlib.sha256
+    ).hexdigest()
+    expected_signature = f"v1={digest}"
+
+    provided_signatures = [sig.strip() for sig in sig_header.split(",") if sig.strip()]
+    if not any(
+        hmac.compare_digest(expected_signature, provided)
+        for provided in provided_signatures
+    ):
+        logger.warning("Revolut signature verification failed.")
+        raise ValueError("Revolut signature verification failed.")
+
+
 async def test_connection(provider: str) -> SimpleStatus:
    """
    Test the connection to Stripe by checking if the API key is valid.
@@ -66,6 +66,8 @@ async def check_server_balance_against_node():


 async def check_balance_delta_changed():
+    if settings.notification_balance_delta_threshold_sats <= 0:
+        return
    status = await get_balance_delta()
    if settings.latest_balance_delta_sats is None:
        settings.latest_balance_delta_sats = status.delta_sats
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ async def send_admin_notification(
    message: str,
    message_type: str | None = None,
 ) -> None:
-    return await send_notification(
+    return await send_notification_in_background(
        settings.lnbits_telegram_notifications_chat_id,
        settings.lnbits_nostr_notifications_identifiers,
        settings.lnbits_email_notifications_to_emails,
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ async def send_user_notification(
        if user_notifications.nostr_identifier
        else []
    )
-    return await send_notification(
+    return await send_notification_in_background(
        user_notifications.telegram_chat_id,
        nostr_identifiers,
        email_address,
@@ -222,12 +222,29 @@ async def send_email(
    msg["Subject"] = subject
    msg.attach(MIMEText(message, "plain"))
    username = username if len(username) > 0 else from_email
-    with smtplib.SMTP(server, port) as smtp_server:
-        smtp_server.starttls()
-        smtp_server.login(username, password)
-        smtp_server.sendmail(from_email, to_emails, msg.as_string())
+
+    def _send() -> bool:
+        with smtplib.SMTP(server, port) as smtp_server:
+            smtp_server.starttls()
+            smtp_server.login(username, password)
+            smtp_server.sendmail(from_email, to_emails, msg.as_string())
        return True

+    try:
+        return await asyncio.to_thread(_send)
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.warning(f"Sending Email failed. {e!s}")
+        return False
+
+
+async def dispatch_payment_notification(payment: Payment) -> None:
+    """
+    This worker dispatches the payment notifications.
+    """
+    wallet = await get_wallet(payment.wallet_id)
+    if wallet:
+        await send_payment_notification(wallet, payment)
+

 async def dispatch_webhook(payment: Payment):
    """
@@ -294,6 +311,27 @@ def send_payment_notification_in_background(wallet: Wallet, payment: Payment):
        logger.warning(f"Error sending payment notification: {e}")


+async def send_notification_in_background(
+    telegram_chat_id: str | None,
+    nostr_identifiers: list[str] | None,
+    email_addresses: list[str] | None,
+    message: str,
+    message_type: str | None = None,
+):
+    try:
+        create_task(
+            send_notification(
+                telegram_chat_id,
+                nostr_identifiers,
+                email_addresses,
+                message,
+                message_type,
+            )
+        )
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.warning(f"Error sending notification in background: {e}")
+
+
 async def send_ws_payment_notification(wallet: Wallet, payment: Payment):
    # TODO: websocket message should be a clean payment model
    # await websocket_manager.send(wallet.inkey, payment.json())
@@ -17,14 +17,15 @@ from lnbits.db import Connection, Filters
 from lnbits.decorators import check_user_extension_access
 from lnbits.exceptions import InvoiceError, PaymentError, UnsupportedError
 from lnbits.fiat import get_fiat_provider
-from lnbits.helpers import check_callback_url
+from lnbits.helpers import check_callback_url, daystart_timestamp
 from lnbits.settings import settings
-from lnbits.tasks import create_task, internal_invoice_queue_put
+from lnbits.task_manager import task_manager
 from lnbits.utils.crypto import fake_privkey, random_secret_and_hash, verify_preimage
 from lnbits.utils.exchange_rates import fiat_amount_as_satoshis, satoshis_amount_as_fiat
 from lnbits.wallets import fake_wallet, get_funding_source
 from lnbits.wallets.base import (
    InvoiceResponse,
+    PaymentFailedStatus,
    PaymentPendingStatus,
    PaymentResponse,
    PaymentStatus,
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ from ..models import (
    PaymentState,
    Wallet,
 )
+from .fiat_providers import check_fiat_status
 from .notifications import send_payment_notification_in_background

 payment_lock = asyncio.Lock()
@@ -62,6 +64,7 @@ async def pay_invoice(
    description: str = "",
    tag: str = "",
    labels: list[str] | None = None,
+    external_id: str | None = None,
    conn: Connection | None = None,
 ) -> Payment:
    if settings.lnbits_only_allow_incoming_payments:
@@ -95,6 +98,7 @@ async def pay_invoice(
            memo=description or invoice.description or "",
            extra=extra,
            labels=labels,
+            external_id=external_id,
        )

    async with db.reuse_conn(conn) if conn else db.connect() as new_conn:
@@ -167,15 +171,15 @@ async def create_fiat_invoice(

    internal_payment.fiat_provider = fiat_provider_name
    internal_payment.extra["fiat_checking_id"] = fiat_invoice.checking_id
-    # todo: move to payent
+    # TODO: move to payment
    internal_payment.extra["fiat_payment_request"] = fiat_invoice.payment_request
    new_checking_id = (
        f"fiat_{fiat_provider_name}_"
        f"{fiat_invoice.checking_id or internal_payment.checking_id}"
    )
-    await update_payment(internal_payment, new_checking_id, conn=conn)
-    internal_payment.checking_id = new_checking_id
-
+    internal_payment = await update_payment(
+        internal_payment, new_checking_id, conn=conn
+    )
    return internal_payment


@@ -211,10 +215,12 @@ async def create_wallet_invoice(wallet_id: str, data: CreateInvoice) -> Payment:
            unhashed_description=unhashed_description,
            expiry=data.expiry,
            extra=data.extra,
+            extension=data.extension,
            webhook=data.webhook,
            internal=data.internal,
            payment_hash=data.payment_hash,
            labels=data.labels,
+            external_id=data.external_id,
            conn=conn,
        )

@@ -255,7 +261,9 @@ async def create_invoice(
    webhook: str | None = None,
    internal: bool | None = False,
    payment_hash: str | None = None,
+    extension: str | None = None,
    labels: list[str] | None = None,
+    external_id: str | None = None,
    conn: Connection | None = None,
 ) -> Payment:
    if not amount > 0:
@@ -337,9 +345,11 @@ async def create_invoice(
        expiry=invoice.expiry_date,
        memo=memo,
        extra=extra,
+        extension=extension,
        webhook=webhook,
        fee=invoice_response.fee_msat or 0,
        labels=labels,
+        external_id=external_id,
    )

    payment = await create_payment(
@@ -364,10 +374,17 @@ async def update_pending_payments(wallet_id: str):
 async def update_pending_payment(
    payment: Payment, conn: Connection | None = None
 ) -> Payment:
-    status = await payment.check_status()
+    if payment.is_in and payment.is_expired:
+        payment.status = PaymentState.FAILED
+        payment.labels.append("expired")
+        await update_payment(payment, conn=conn)
+        logger.info(f"invoice {payment.checking_id} expired, marked as failed")
+        return payment
+
+    status = await check_payment_status(payment)
    if status.failed:
        payment.status = PaymentState.FAILED
-        await update_payment(payment, conn=conn)
+        payment = await update_payment(payment, conn=conn)
    elif status.success:
        payment = await update_payment_success_status(payment, status, conn=conn)
    return payment
@@ -507,7 +524,7 @@ async def update_wallet_balance(
        )
        payment.status = PaymentState.SUCCESS
        await update_payment(payment, conn=conn)
-        await internal_invoice_queue_put(payment.checking_id)
+        task_manager.internal_invoice_queue.put_nowait(payment)


 async def check_wallet_limits(
@@ -547,10 +564,9 @@ async def check_wallet_daily_withdraw_limit(
        raise ValueError("It is not allowed to spend funds from this server.")

    payments = await get_payments(
-        since=int(time.time()) - 60 * 60 * 24,
+        since=daystart_timestamp(),
        outgoing=True,
        wallet_id=wallet_id,
-        limit=1,
        conn=conn,
    )
    if len(payments) == 0:
@@ -618,7 +634,25 @@ async def check_transaction_status(
    if payment.status == PaymentState.SUCCESS.value:
        return PaymentSuccessStatus(fee_msat=payment.fee)

-    return await payment.check_status()
+    return await check_payment_status(payment)
+
+
+async def check_payment_status(payment: Payment) -> PaymentStatus:
+    if payment.is_internal:
+        if payment.success:
+            return PaymentSuccessStatus()
+        if payment.failed:
+            return PaymentFailedStatus()
+        if payment.is_in and payment.fiat_provider:
+            fiat_status = await check_fiat_status(payment)
+            return PaymentStatus(paid=fiat_status.paid)
+        return PaymentPendingStatus()
+    funding_source = get_funding_source()
+    if payment.is_out:
+        status = await funding_source.get_payment_status(payment.checking_id)
+    else:
+        status = await funding_source.get_invoice_status(payment.checking_id)
+    return status


 async def get_payments_daily_stats(
@@ -752,13 +786,16 @@ async def _pay_internal_invoice(
    await update_payment(internal_payment, conn=conn)
    logger.success(f"internal payment successful {internal_payment.checking_id}")

-    send_payment_notification_in_background(wallet, payment)
-
-    # notify receiver asynchronously
-    from lnbits.tasks import internal_invoice_queue
+    await _send_payment_notification_in_background(
+        wallet.id, payment, conn=conn
+    )  # notify the sender
+    await _send_payment_notification_in_background(
+        internal_payment.wallet_id, internal_payment, conn=conn
+    )  # notify the receiver

+    # notify receiver asynchronously (extension listeners)
    logger.debug(f"enqueuing internal invoice {internal_payment.checking_id}")
-    await internal_invoice_queue.put(internal_payment.checking_id)
+    task_manager.internal_invoice_queue.put_nowait(internal_payment)

    return payment

@@ -795,14 +832,15 @@ async def _pay_external_invoice(

    fee_reserve_msat = fee_reserve(amount_msat, internal=False)

-    task = create_task(
-        _fundingsource_pay_invoice(checking_id, payment.bolt11, fee_reserve_msat)
+    task = task_manager.create_task(
+        _fundingsource_pay_invoice(checking_id, payment.bolt11, fee_reserve_msat),
+        f"fundingsource_pay_invoice_{checking_id}",
    )

    # make sure a hold invoice or deferred payment is not blocking the server
    wait_time = max(1, settings.lnbits_funding_source_pay_invoice_wait_seconds)
    try:
-        payment_response = await asyncio.wait_for(task, timeout=wait_time)
+        payment_response = await asyncio.wait_for(task.task, timeout=wait_time)
    except asyncio.TimeoutError:
        # return pending payment on timeout
        logger.debug(
@@ -825,7 +863,8 @@ async def _pay_external_invoice(
        payment = await update_payment_success_status(
            payment, payment_response, conn=conn
        )
-        send_payment_notification_in_background(wallet, payment)
+
+        await _send_payment_notification_in_background(wallet.id, payment, conn=conn)
        logger.success(f"payment successful {payment_response.checking_id}")

    payment.checking_id = payment_response.checking_id
@@ -842,7 +881,7 @@ async def update_payment_success_status(
        payment.status = PaymentState.SUCCESS
        payment.fee = -(abs(status.fee_msat or 0) + abs(service_fee_msat))
        payment.preimage = payment.preimage or status.preimage
-        await update_payment(payment, conn=conn)
+        payment = await update_payment(payment, conn=conn)
    return payment


@@ -868,7 +907,7 @@ async def _verify_external_payment(
        raise PaymentError("Payment already paid.", status="success")

    # payment failed
-    status = await payment.check_status()
+    status = await check_payment_status(payment)
    if status.failed:
        raise PaymentError(
            "Payment is failed node, retrying is not possible.", status="failed"
@@ -1033,3 +1072,56 @@ async def cancel_hold_invoice(payment: Payment) -> InvoiceResponse:
    await update_payment(payment)

    return response
+
+
+async def _send_payment_notification_in_background(
+    wallet_id: str, payment: Payment, conn: Connection | None = None
+):
+    # fetch balance again
+    wallet = await get_wallet(wallet_id, conn=conn)
+    if not wallet:
+        raise PaymentError(f"Could not fetch wallet '{wallet_id}'.", status="failed")
+    send_payment_notification_in_background(wallet, payment)
+
+
+async def update_invoice_from_paid_invoices_stream(checking_id: str) -> Payment | None:
+    """
+    Takes a checking_id of an incoming payment from paid_invoices_stream()
+    Checks its status, updates its status and returns it.
+    returns None if no incoming payment was found or the status is not successful
+    """
+    payment = await get_standalone_payment(checking_id, incoming=True)
+    if not payment:
+        logger.warning(f"No incoming payment found for '{checking_id}'.")
+        return None
+
+    status = await check_payment_status(payment)
+
+    if not status.success:
+        logger.error(
+            "Unexpected status response from paid_invoices_stream. Skipping update."
+        )
+        return None
+
+    payment.fee = status.fee_msat or payment.fee
+    # only overwrite preimage if status.preimage provides it
+    payment.preimage = status.preimage or payment.preimage
+    payment.status = PaymentState.SUCCESS
+    payment = await update_payment(payment)
+
+    return payment
+
+
+async def fundingsource_invoice_producer() -> None:
+    """
+    will collect all invoices that come directly from the backend wallet.
+
+    Called registered in the app startup sequence and run by taskmanager.
+    """
+    funding_source = get_funding_source()
+    async for checking_id in funding_source.paid_invoices_stream():
+        logger.info(f"got a payment notification {checking_id}")
+        payment = await update_invoice_from_paid_invoices_stream(checking_id)
+        if payment:
+            logger.success(f"fundingsource invoice {checking_id} settled")
+            task_manager.invoice_queue.put_nowait(payment)
@@ -3,8 +3,10 @@ from uuid import uuid4

 from loguru import logger

+from lnbits.core.crud.settings import set_settings_field
 from lnbits.core.db import db
 from lnbits.core.models.extensions import UserExtension
+from lnbits.core.models.users import RegisterUser
 from lnbits.db import Connection
 from lnbits.settings import (
    EditableSettings,
@@ -21,6 +23,7 @@ from ..crud import (
    get_account_by_email,
    get_account_by_pubkey,
    get_account_by_username,
+    get_accounts_count,
    get_super_settings,
    get_user_extensions,
    get_user_from_account,
@@ -53,6 +56,8 @@ async def create_user_account_no_ckeck(
    conn: Connection | None = None,
 ) -> User:
    async with db.reuse_conn(conn) if conn else db.connect() as conn:
+        await check_users_limit(conn)
+
        if account:
            account.validate_fields()
            if account.username and await get_account_by_username(
@@ -93,6 +98,15 @@ async def create_user_account_no_ckeck(
    return user


+async def check_users_limit(conn: Connection | None = None):
+    if settings.lnbits_max_users == 0:
+        return
+
+    users_count = await get_accounts_count(conn=conn)
+    if users_count >= settings.lnbits_max_users:
+        raise ValueError("Max amount of users have been created")
+
+
 async def update_user_account(account: Account) -> Account:
    account.validate_fields()

@@ -171,6 +185,12 @@ async def check_admin_settings():
        if account and account.extra and account.extra.provider == "env":
            settings.first_install = True

+        if settings.has_first_install_token_changed():
+            logger.warning("First install token is changed. Resetting admin settings.")
+            new_settings = await init_admin_settings()
+            settings.super_user = new_settings.super_user
+            settings.first_install = True
+
        logger.success(
            "✔️ Admin UI is enabled. run `uv run lnbits-cli superuser` "
            "to get the superuser."
@@ -192,3 +212,25 @@ async def init_admin_settings(super_user: str | None = None) -> SuperSettings:

    editable_settings = EditableSettings.from_dict(settings.dict())
    return await create_admin_settings(account.id, editable_settings.dict())
+
+
+async def check_register_activation_settings(data: RegisterUser):
+    if not settings.lnbits_require_user_activation:
+        return None
+    if settings.lnbits_user_activation_by_invitation_code:
+        code = data.invitation_code.strip() if data.invitation_code else ""
+        if len(code) == 0:
+            raise ValueError("Invitation code cannot be empty.")
+
+        if code == settings.lnbits_register_reusable_activation_code:
+            return None
+        if code in settings.lnbits_register_one_time_activation_codes:
+            settings.lnbits_register_one_time_activation_codes.remove(code)
+            await set_settings_field(
+                "lnbits_register_one_time_activation_codes",
+                settings.lnbits_register_one_time_activation_codes,
+            )
+            return None
+        raise ValueError("Invalid invitation code.")
+
+    raise ValueError("No activation method provided.")
@@ -2,76 +2,43 @@ import asyncio

 from loguru import logger

-from lnbits.core.crud import (
-    create_audit_entry,
-    get_wallet,
-)
-from lnbits.core.crud.audit import delete_expired_audit_entries
+from lnbits.core.crud import create_audit_entry
 from lnbits.core.crud.payments import get_payments_status_count
 from lnbits.core.crud.users import get_accounts
 from lnbits.core.crud.wallets import get_wallets_count
 from lnbits.core.models.audit import AuditEntry
 from lnbits.core.models.extensions import InstallableExtension
 from lnbits.core.models.notifications import NotificationType
-from lnbits.core.services.funding_source import (
-    check_balance_delta_changed,
-    check_server_balance_against_node,
-    get_balance_delta,
-)
+from lnbits.core.services.funding_source import get_balance_delta
 from lnbits.core.services.notifications import (
    enqueue_admin_notification,
-    process_next_notification,
-    send_payment_notification,
 )
 from lnbits.db import Filters
 from lnbits.settings import settings
-from lnbits.utils.exchange_rates import btc_rates
+from lnbits.utils.cache import cache
+from lnbits.utils.exchange_rates import btc_price_from_aggregator, btc_rates

 audit_queue: asyncio.Queue[AuditEntry] = asyncio.Queue()


-async def run_by_the_minute_tasks() -> None:
-    minute_counter = 0
-    while settings.lnbits_running:
-        status_minutes = settings.lnbits_notification_server_status_hours * 60
-
-        if settings.notification_balance_delta_threshold_sats > 0:
-            try:
-                # runs by default every minute, the delta should not change that often
-                await check_balance_delta_changed()
-            except Exception as ex:
-                logger.error(ex)
-
-        if minute_counter % settings.lnbits_watchdog_interval_minutes == 0:
-            try:
-                await check_server_balance_against_node()
-            except Exception as ex:
-                logger.error(ex)
-
-        if minute_counter % status_minutes == 0:
-            try:
-                await _notify_server_status()
-            except Exception as ex:
-                logger.error(ex)
-
-        if minute_counter % 60 == 0:
-            try:
-                # initialize the list of all extensions
-                await InstallableExtension.get_installable_extensions(
-                    post_refresh_cache=True
-                )
-            except Exception as ex:
-                logger.error(ex)
-
-        minute_counter += 1
-        await asyncio.sleep(60)
+async def process_next_audit_entry() -> None:
+    """
+    Waits for audit entries to be pushed to the queue.
+    Then it inserts the entries into the DB.
+    """
+    data = await audit_queue.get()
+    await create_audit_entry(data)


-async def _notify_server_status() -> None:
+async def refresh_extension_cache() -> None:
+    # only refreshes every 10 minutes
+    await InstallableExtension.get_installable_extensions()
+
+
+async def notify_server_status() -> None:
    accounts = await get_accounts(filters=Filters(limit=0))
    wallets_count = await get_wallets_count()
    payments = await get_payments_status_count()
-
    status = await get_balance_delta()
    values = {
        "up_time": settings.lnbits_server_up_time,
@@ -88,76 +55,38 @@ async def _notify_server_status() -> None:
    enqueue_admin_notification(NotificationType.server_status, values)


-async def wait_for_paid_invoices(invoice_paid_queue: asyncio.Queue) -> None:
-    """
-    This worker dispatches events to all extensions and dispatches webhooks.
-    """
-    while settings.lnbits_running:
-        payment = await invoice_paid_queue.get()
-        logger.trace("received invoice paid event")
-        # payment notification
-        wallet = await get_wallet(payment.wallet_id)
-        if wallet:
-            await send_payment_notification(wallet, payment)
-
-
-async def wait_for_audit_data() -> None:
-    """
-    Waits for audit entries to be pushed to the queue.
-    Then it inserts the entries into the DB.
-    """
-    while settings.lnbits_running:
-        data = await audit_queue.get()
-        try:
-            await create_audit_entry(data)
-        except Exception as ex:
-            logger.warning(ex)
-            await asyncio.sleep(3)
-
-
-async def wait_notification_messages() -> None:
-
-    while settings.lnbits_running:
-        try:
-            await process_next_notification()
-        except Exception as ex:
-            logger.warning("Payment notification error", ex)
-            await asyncio.sleep(3)
-
-
-async def purge_audit_data() -> None:
-    """
-    Remove audit entries which have passed their retention period.
-    """
-    while settings.lnbits_running:
-        try:
-            await delete_expired_audit_entries()
-        except Exception as ex:
-            logger.warning(ex)
-
-        # clean every hour
-        await asyncio.sleep(60 * 60)
-
-
 async def collect_exchange_rates_data() -> None:
    """
    Collect exchange rates data. Used for monitoring only.
    """
-    while settings.lnbits_running:
-        currency = settings.lnbits_default_accounting_currency or "USD"
-        max_history_size = settings.lnbits_exchange_history_size
-        sleep_time = settings.lnbits_exchange_history_refresh_interval_seconds
-
-        if sleep_time > 0:
-            try:
-                rates = await btc_rates(currency)
-                if rates:
-                    rates_values = [r[1] for r in rates]
-                    lnbits_rate = sum(rates_values) / len(rates_values)
-                    rates.append(("LNbits", lnbits_rate))
-                settings.append_exchange_rate_datapoint(dict(rates), max_history_size)
-            except Exception as ex:
-                logger.warning(ex)
+    currency = settings.lnbits_default_accounting_currency or "USD"
+    max_history_size = settings.lnbits_exchange_history_size
+    try:
+        if (
+            settings.lnbits_price_aggregator_enabled
+            and settings.lnbits_price_aggregator_url
+        ):
+            price = await btc_price_from_aggregator(currency)
+            if price:
+                cache.set(
+                    f"btc-price-{currency}",
+                    price,
+                    expiry=settings.lnbits_exchange_rate_cache_seconds,
+                )
+                settings.append_exchange_rate_datapoint(
+                    {"Aggregator": price}, max_history_size
+                )
        else:
-            sleep_time = 60
-        await asyncio.sleep(sleep_time)
+            rates = await btc_rates(currency)
+            if rates:
+                rates_values = [r[1] for r in rates]
+                lnbits_rate = sum(rates_values) / len(rates_values)
+                rates.append(("LNbits", lnbits_rate))
+                cache.set(
+                    f"btc-price-{currency}",
+                    lnbits_rate,
+                    expiry=settings.lnbits_exchange_rate_cache_seconds,
+                )
+            settings.append_exchange_rate_datapoint(dict(rates), max_history_size)
+    except Exception as ex:
+        logger.warning(ex)
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-{% extends "base.html" %} {% from "macros.jinja" import window_vars with context
-%} {% block scripts %} {{ window_vars(user) }} {% endblock %} {% block page %}{%
-endblock %}
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-{% extends "public.html" %} {% from "macros.jinja" import window_vars with
-context %} {% block scripts %} {{ window_vars() }} {% endblock %} {% block page
-%} {% endblock %}
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ from lnbits.core.services.settings import dict_to_settings
 from lnbits.decorators import check_admin, check_super_user
 from lnbits.server import server_restart
 from lnbits.settings import AdminSettings, Settings, UpdateSettings, settings
-from lnbits.tasks import invoice_listeners
+from lnbits.task_manager import PublicTask, task_manager

 from .. import core_app_extra
 from ..crud import get_admin_settings, reset_core_settings, update_admin_settings
@@ -44,11 +44,10 @@ async def api_auditor():
    name="Monitor",
    description="show the current listeners and other monitoring data",
    dependencies=[Depends(check_admin)],
+    response_model=list[PublicTask],
 )
-async def api_monitor():
-    return {
-        "invoice_listeners": list(invoice_listeners.keys()),
-    }
+async def api_monitor() -> list[PublicTask]:
+    return task_manager.get_public_tasks()


@admin_router.get(
@@ -16,7 +16,14 @@ from lnbits.core.crud.assets import (
 from lnbits.core.models.assets import AssetFilters, AssetInfo, AssetUpdate
 from lnbits.core.models.misc import SimpleStatus
 from lnbits.core.models.users import AccountId
-from lnbits.core.services.assets import create_user_asset
+from lnbits.core.services.assets import (
+    ASSET_SECURITY_HEADERS,
+    INLINE_ASSET_MIME_TYPES,
+    content_disposition,
+    create_user_asset,
+    normalize_media_type,
+    thumbnail_media_type,
+)
 from lnbits.db import Filters, Page
 from lnbits.decorators import (
    check_account_id_exists,
@@ -57,11 +64,11 @@ async def api_get_asset(


@asset_router.get(
-    "/{asset_id}/binary",
-    name="Get user asset binary",
-    summary="Get user asset binary data by ID",
+    "/{asset_id}/data",
+    name="Get user asset data",
+    summary="Get user asset data data by ID",
 )
-async def api_get_asset_binary(
+async def api_get_asset_data(
    asset_id: str,
    user_id: str | None = Depends(optional_user_id),
 ) -> Response:
@@ -75,11 +82,7 @@ async def api_get_asset_binary(
    if not asset:
        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.NOT_FOUND, "Asset not found.")

-    return Response(
-        content=asset.data,
-        media_type=asset.mime_type,
-        headers={"Content-Disposition": f'inline; filename="{asset.name}"'},
-    )
+    return asset_response(asset.data, asset.mime_type, asset.name)


@asset_router.get(
@@ -101,14 +104,14 @@ async def api_get_asset_thumbnail(
    if not asset_info:
        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.NOT_FOUND, "Asset not found.")

-    return Response(
+    return asset_response(
        content=(
            base64.b64decode(asset_info.thumbnail_base64)
            if asset_info.thumbnail_base64
            else b""
        ),
-        media_type=asset_info.mime_type,
-        headers={"Content-Disposition": f'inline; filename="{asset_info.name}"'},
+        media_type=thumbnail_media_type(),
+        filename=asset_info.name,
    )


@@ -172,3 +175,16 @@ async def api_delete_asset(

    await delete_user_asset(account_id.id, asset_id)
    return SimpleStatus(success=True, message="Asset deleted successfully.")
+
+
+def asset_response(content: bytes, media_type: str, filename: str) -> Response:
+    media_type = normalize_media_type(media_type)
+    disposition = "inline" if media_type in INLINE_ASSET_MIME_TYPES else "attachment"
+    return Response(
+        content=content,
+        media_type=media_type,
+        headers={
+            **ASSET_SECURITY_HEADERS,
+            "Content-Disposition": content_disposition(disposition, filename),
+        },
+    )
@@ -4,13 +4,15 @@ import json
 from collections.abc import Callable
 from http import HTTPStatus
 from time import time
+from typing import Annotated
 from uuid import uuid4

-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Cookie, Depends, HTTPException, Request
 from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse, RedirectResponse
 from fastapi_sso.sso.base import OpenID, SSOBase
 from loguru import logger

+from lnbits.core.crud.settings import set_settings_field
 from lnbits.core.crud.users import (
    get_user_access_control_lists,
    update_user_access_control_list,
@@ -25,11 +27,16 @@ from lnbits.core.models.users import (
    UpdateAccessControlList,
 )
 from lnbits.core.services import create_user_account
-from lnbits.core.services.users import update_user_account
+from lnbits.core.services.users import (
+    check_register_activation_settings,
+    update_user_account,
+)
 from lnbits.decorators import (
    access_token_payload,
    check_account_exists,
+    check_admin,
    check_user_exists,
+    optional_user_id,
 )
 from lnbits.helpers import (
    create_access_token,
@@ -84,6 +91,7 @@ async def login(data: LoginUsernamePassword) -> JSONResponse:
    account = await get_account_by_username_or_email(data.username)
    if not account or not account.verify_password(data.password):
        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.UNAUTHORIZED, "Invalid credentials.")
+
    return _auth_success_response(account.username, account.id, account.email)


@@ -92,7 +100,7 @@ async def nostr_login(request: Request) -> JSONResponse:
    if not settings.is_auth_method_allowed(AuthMethods.nostr_auth_nip98):
        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN, "Login with Nostr Auth not allowed.")
    event = _nostr_nip98_event(request)
-    account = await get_account_by_pubkey(event["pubkey"])
+    account = await get_account_by_pubkey(event["pubkey"], active_only=False)
    if not account:
        account = Account(
            id=uuid4().hex,
@@ -100,6 +108,8 @@ async def nostr_login(request: Request) -> JSONResponse:
            extra=UserExtra(provider="nostr"),
        )
        await create_user_account(account)
+    if not account.activated:
+        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.UNAUTHORIZED, "User is not activated.")
    return _auth_success_response(account.username or "", account.id, account.email)


@@ -120,6 +130,79 @@ async def login_usr(data: LoginUsr) -> JSONResponse:
    return _auth_success_response(account.username, account.id, account.email)


+@auth_router.post("/impersonate", description="Login via the User ID of another user")
+async def impersonate_user(
+    data: LoginUsr,
+    user: User = Depends(check_admin),
+    cookie_access_token: Annotated[str | None, Cookie()] = None,
+) -> JSONResponse:
+    if not cookie_access_token:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.UNAUTHORIZED, "Only cookie based impersonation is allowed."
+        )
+    if data.usr == user.id:
+        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN, "You cannot impersonate yourself.")
+    if settings.is_admin_user(data.usr):
+        # this check includes the superuser
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN, "You cannot impersonate another admin user."
+        )
+
+    account = await get_account(data.usr)
+    if not account:
+        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.UNAUTHORIZED, "User ID does not exist.")
+
+    response = _auth_success_response(account.username, account.id, account.email)
+
+    max_age = settings.auth_token_expire_minutes * 60
+    response.set_cookie(
+        "admin_access_token",
+        cookie_access_token,
+        httponly=True,
+        secure=settings.auth_https_only,
+        samesite="lax",
+        max_age=max_age,
+    )
+    response.set_cookie(
+        "is_lnbits_user_impersonated",
+        "true",
+        secure=settings.auth_https_only,
+        samesite="lax",
+        max_age=max_age,
+    )
+    return response
+
+
+@auth_router.delete(
+    "/impersonate", description="Stop impersonation and go back to admin"
+)
+async def stop_impersonate_user(
+    user: User = Depends(check_user_exists),
+    admin_access_token: Annotated[str | None, Cookie()] = None,
+) -> JSONResponse:
+    if not admin_access_token:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.UNAUTHORIZED,
+            "No admin access token found to stop impersonation.",
+        )
+    response = JSONResponse(
+        {"access_token": admin_access_token, "token_type": "bearer"}
+    )
+    max_age = settings.auth_token_expire_minutes * 60
+    response.set_cookie(
+        "cookie_access_token",
+        admin_access_token,
+        httponly=True,
+        secure=settings.auth_https_only,
+        samesite="lax",
+        max_age=max_age,
+    )
+    response.delete_cookie("admin_access_token")
+    response.delete_cookie("is_access_token_expired")
+    response.delete_cookie("is_lnbits_user_impersonated")
+    return response
+
+
@auth_router.get("/acl")
 async def api_get_user_acls(
    request: Request,
@@ -238,7 +321,10 @@ async def api_delete_user_api_token(

@auth_router.get("/{provider}", description="SSO Provider")
 async def login_with_sso_provider(
-    request: Request, provider: str, user_id: str | None = None
+    request: Request,
+    provider: str,
+    user_id: str | None,
+    auth_user_id: str | None = Depends(optional_user_id),
 ):
    provider_sso = _new_sso(provider)
    if not provider_sso:
@@ -246,6 +332,8 @@ async def login_with_sso_provider(
            HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN,
            f"Login by '{provider}' not allowed.",
        )
+    if user_id and user_id != auth_user_id:
+        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN, "User ID mismatch.")

    provider_sso.redirect_uri = str(request.base_url) + f"api/v1/auth/{provider}/token"
    with provider_sso:
@@ -266,7 +354,11 @@ async def handle_oauth_token(request: Request, provider: str) -> RedirectRespons
        userinfo = await provider_sso.verify_and_process(request)
        if not userinfo:
            raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.UNAUTHORIZED, "Invalid user info.")
-        user_id = decrypt_internal_message(provider_sso.state)
+        if provider_sso.state is None or provider_sso.state == "null":
+            user_id = None
+        else:
+            user_id = decrypt_internal_message(provider_sso.state)
+
    request.session.pop("user", None)
    return await _handle_sso_login(userinfo, user_id)

@@ -298,12 +390,14 @@ async def register(data: RegisterUser) -> JSONResponse:
    if not is_valid_username(data.username):
        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "Invalid username.")

-    if await get_account_by_username(data.username):
+    if await get_account_by_username(data.username, active_only=False):
        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "Username already exists.")

    if data.email and not is_valid_email_address(data.email):
        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "Invalid email.")

+    await check_register_activation_settings(data)
+
    account = Account(
        id=uuid4().hex,
        email=data.email,
@@ -408,7 +502,7 @@ async def reset_password(data: ResetUserPassword) -> JSONResponse:
    return _auth_success_response(account.username, user_id, account.email)


-@auth_router.put("/update")
+@auth_router.patch("")
 async def update(
    data: UpdateUser, account: Account = Depends(check_account_exists)
 ) -> User | None:
@@ -424,19 +518,54 @@ async def update(
    return await get_user_from_account(account)


+@auth_router.patch("/ui")
+async def update_ui_customization(
+    req: Request, account: Account = Depends(check_account_exists)
+) -> Account:
+    ui_customization = await req.json()
+    account.ui_customization = {**(account.ui_customization or {}), **ui_customization}
+
+    if len(account.ui_customization or {}) > 1000 * 1024:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "UI customization too large. Drop some fields."
+        )
+
+    await update_user_account(account)
+    return account
+
+
@auth_router.put("/first_install")
 async def first_install(data: UpdateSuperuserPassword) -> JSONResponse:
    if not settings.first_install:
        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN, "This is not your first install")
+
+    if settings.first_install_token:
+        if not data.first_install_token:
+            raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.UNAUTHORIZED, "Missing first_install_token.")
+        if settings.first_install_token != data.first_install_token:
+            raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.UNAUTHORIZED, "Invalid first_install_token.")
+
+    account = await get_account_by_username(data.username, False)
+    if account:
+        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "Username already exists.")
+
    account = await get_account(settings.super_user)
    if not account:
        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "Superuser not found.")
+
    account.username = data.username
    account.extra = account.extra or UserExtra()
    account.extra.provider = "lnbits"
    account.hash_password(data.password)
    await update_account(account)
    settings.first_install = False
+
+    # only confrm it after the super user has been successfully updated
+    if settings.first_install_token:
+        settings.first_install_token_confirmed = data.first_install_token
+        await set_settings_field(
+            "first_install_token_confirmed", data.first_install_token
+        )
    return _auth_success_response(account.username, account.id, account.email)


@@ -446,7 +575,7 @@ async def _handle_sso_login(userinfo: OpenID, verified_user_id: str | None = Non
        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "Invalid email.")

    redirect_path = "/wallet"
-    account = await get_account_by_email(email)
+    account = await get_account_by_email(email, active_only=False)

    if verified_user_id:
        if account:
@@ -465,7 +594,7 @@ async def _handle_sso_login(userinfo: OpenID, verified_user_id: str | None = Non
            id=uuid4().hex, email=email, extra=UserExtra(email_verified=True)
        )
        await create_user_account(account)
-    return _auth_redirect_response(redirect_path, email)
+    return _auth_redirect_response(redirect_path, account.id, email)


 def _auth_success_response(
@@ -480,9 +609,20 @@ def _auth_success_response(
    max_age = settings.auth_token_expire_minutes * 60
    response = JSONResponse({"access_token": access_token, "token_type": "bearer"})
    response.set_cookie(
-        "cookie_access_token", access_token, httponly=True, max_age=max_age
+        "cookie_access_token",
+        access_token,
+        httponly=True,
+        secure=settings.auth_https_only,
+        samesite="lax",
+        max_age=max_age,
+    )
+    response.set_cookie(
+        "is_lnbits_user_authorized",
+        "true",
+        secure=settings.auth_https_only,
+        samesite="lax",
+        max_age=max_age,
    )
-    response.set_cookie("is_lnbits_user_authorized", "true", max_age=max_age)
    response.delete_cookie("is_access_token_expired")

    return response
@@ -499,15 +639,28 @@ def _auth_api_token_response(
    )


-def _auth_redirect_response(path: str, email: str) -> RedirectResponse:
-    payload = AccessTokenPayload(sub="" or "", email=email, auth_time=int(time()))
+def _auth_redirect_response(path: str, user_id: str, email: str) -> RedirectResponse:
+    payload = AccessTokenPayload(
+        usr=user_id, sub="", email=email, auth_time=int(time())
+    )
    access_token = create_access_token(data=payload.dict())
    max_age = settings.auth_token_expire_minutes * 60
    response = RedirectResponse(path)
    response.set_cookie(
-        "cookie_access_token", access_token, httponly=True, max_age=max_age
+        "cookie_access_token",
+        access_token,
+        httponly=True,
+        secure=settings.auth_https_only,
+        samesite="lax",
+        max_age=max_age,
+    )
+    response.set_cookie(
+        "is_lnbits_user_authorized",
+        "true",
+        secure=settings.auth_https_only,
+        samesite="lax",
+        max_age=max_age,
    )
-    response.set_cookie("is_lnbits_user_authorized", "true", max_age=max_age)
    response.delete_cookie("is_access_token_expired")
    return response

@@ -527,7 +680,10 @@ def _new_sso(provider: str) -> SSOBase | None:

        sso_provider_class = _find_auth_provider_class(provider)
        sso_provider = sso_provider_class(
-            client_id, client_secret, None, allow_insecure_http=True
+            client_id,
+            client_secret,
+            None,
+            allow_insecure_http=not settings.auth_https_only,
        )
        if (
            discovery_url
@@ -4,16 +4,30 @@ from fastapi import APIRouter, Request
 from loguru import logger

 from lnbits.core.crud.payments import (
+    get_payments,
    get_standalone_payment,
+    update_payment,
 )
+from lnbits.core.models import Payment, PaymentFilters
 from lnbits.core.models.misc import SimpleStatus
 from lnbits.core.models.payments import CreateInvoice
 from lnbits.core.services.fiat_providers import (
+    check_fiat_status,
+    check_revolut_signature,
+    check_square_signature,
    check_stripe_signature,
    verify_paypal_webhook,
 )
-from lnbits.core.services.payments import create_fiat_invoice
+from lnbits.core.services.payments import (
+    create_fiat_invoice,
+    create_wallet_invoice,
+    service_fee_fiat,
+)
+from lnbits.db import Filter, Filters
+from lnbits.fiat import get_fiat_provider
 from lnbits.fiat.base import FiatSubscriptionPaymentOptions
+from lnbits.fiat.revolut import RevolutWallet
+from lnbits.fiat.square import SquareWallet
 from lnbits.settings import settings

 callback_router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/v1/callback", tags=["callback"])
@@ -23,7 +37,7 @@ callback_router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/v1/callback", tags=["callback"])
 async def api_generic_webhook_handler(
    provider_name: str, request: Request
 ) -> SimpleStatus:
-
+    logger.info(f"Received callback from provider: '{provider_name}'.")
    if provider_name.lower() == "stripe":
        payload = await request.body()
        sig_header = request.headers.get("Stripe-Signature")
@@ -49,6 +63,41 @@ async def api_generic_webhook_handler(
            message=f"Callback received successfully from '{provider_name}'.",
        )

+    if provider_name.lower() == "square":
+        payload = await request.body()
+        sig_header = request.headers.get("x-square-hmacsha256-signature")
+        check_square_signature(
+            payload,
+            sig_header,
+            settings.square_webhook_signature_key,
+            settings.square_payment_webhook_url,
+        )
+        event = await request.json()
+        await handle_square_event(event)
+
+        return SimpleStatus(
+            success=True,
+            message=f"Callback received successfully from '{provider_name}'.",
+        )
+
+    if provider_name.lower() == "revolut":
+        payload = await request.body()
+        sig_header = request.headers.get("Revolut-Signature")
+        timestamp_header = request.headers.get("Revolut-Request-Timestamp")
+        check_revolut_signature(
+            payload,
+            sig_header,
+            timestamp_header,
+            settings.revolut_webhook_signing_secret,
+        )
+        event = await request.json()
+        await handle_revolut_event(event)
+
+        return SimpleStatus(
+            success=True,
+            message=f"Callback received successfully from '{provider_name}'.",
+        )
+
    return SimpleStatus(
        success=False,
        message=f"Unknown fiat provider '{provider_name}'.",
@@ -87,7 +136,7 @@ async def _handle_stripe_intent_session_completed(event: dict):
    if not payment:
        logger.warning(f"No payment found for hash: '{payment_hash}'.")
        return
-    await payment.check_fiat_status()
+    await check_fiat_status(payment)


 async def _handle_stripe_checkout_session_completed(event: dict):
@@ -110,7 +159,7 @@ async def _handle_stripe_checkout_session_completed(event: dict):
    payment = await get_standalone_payment(payment_hash)
    if not payment:
        raise ValueError(f"No payment found for hash: '{payment_hash}'.")
-    await payment.check_fiat_status()
+    await check_fiat_status(payment)


 async def _handle_stripe_subscription_invoice_paid(event: dict):
@@ -155,7 +204,7 @@ async def _handle_stripe_subscription_invoice_paid(event: dict):
        ),
    )

-    await payment.check_fiat_status()
+    await check_fiat_status(payment)


 async def _get_stripe_subscription_payment_options(
@@ -180,8 +229,10 @@ async def _get_stripe_subscription_payment_options(


 async def handle_paypal_event(event: dict):
+    event_id = event.get("id", "")
    event_type = event.get("event_type", "")
    resource = event.get("resource", {})
+    logger.info(f"Handling PayPal event: '{event_id}'. Type: '{event_type}'.")

    if event_type in ("CHECKOUT.ORDER.APPROVED", "PAYMENT.CAPTURE.COMPLETED"):
        payment_hash = _paypal_extract_payment_hash(resource)
@@ -192,23 +243,20 @@ async def handle_paypal_event(event: dict):
        if not payment:
            logger.warning(f"No payment found for hash: '{payment_hash}'.")
            return
-        await payment.check_fiat_status()
+        await check_fiat_status(payment)
        return

-    if event_type in (
-        "PAYMENT.SALE.COMPLETED",
-        "BILLING.SUBSCRIPTION.PAYMENT.SUCCEEDED",
-    ):
+    if event_type in ("PAYMENT.SALE.COMPLETED"):
        await _handle_paypal_subscription_payment(resource)
        return

-    logger.info(f"Unhandled PayPal event type: '{event_type}'.")
+    logger.warning(f"Unhandled PayPal event type: '{event_type}'.")


 async def _handle_paypal_subscription_payment(resource: dict):
    amount_info = resource.get("amount") or {}
-    currency = (amount_info.get("currency_code") or "").upper()
-    total = amount_info.get("value")
+    currency = (amount_info.get("currency") or "").upper()
+    total = amount_info.get("total")
    if not currency or total is None:
        raise ValueError("PayPal subscription event missing amount.")

@@ -216,18 +264,14 @@ async def _handle_paypal_subscription_payment(resource: dict):
    if not custom_id:
        raise ValueError("PayPal subscription event missing custom metadata.")

-    try:
-        metadata = json.loads(custom_id)
-    except json.JSONDecodeError:
-        metadata = {}
-
-    payment_options = FiatSubscriptionPaymentOptions(**metadata)
+    payment_options = _deserialize_paypal_metadata(custom_id)
    if not payment_options.wallet_id:
        raise ValueError("PayPal subscription event missing wallet_id.")

    memo = payment_options.memo or ""
    extra = {
        **(payment_options.extra or {}),
+        "subscription_request_id": resource.get("billing_agreement_id"),
        "fiat_method": "subscription",
        "tag": payment_options.tag,
        "subscription": {
@@ -247,7 +291,7 @@ async def _handle_paypal_subscription_payment(resource: dict):
        ),
    )

-    await payment.check_fiat_status()
+    await check_fiat_status(payment)


 def _paypal_extract_payment_hash(resource: dict) -> str | None:
@@ -258,3 +302,408 @@ def _paypal_extract_payment_hash(resource: dict) -> str | None:
        if pu.get("custom_id"):
            return pu.get("custom_id")
    return None
+
+
+def _deserialize_paypal_metadata(custom_id: str) -> FiatSubscriptionPaymentOptions:
+    try:
+        meta = json.loads(custom_id)
+        wallet_id = meta[0] if len(meta) > 0 else None
+        tag = meta[1] if len(meta) > 1 else None
+        subscription_request_id = meta[2] if len(meta) > 2 else None
+        extra_link = meta[3] if len(meta) > 3 else None
+        memo = meta[4] if len(meta) > 4 else None
+
+        extra = {
+            "link": extra_link,
+            "subscription_request_id": subscription_request_id,
+        }
+
+        return FiatSubscriptionPaymentOptions(
+            wallet_id=wallet_id,
+            tag=tag,
+            subscription_request_id=subscription_request_id,
+            extra=extra,
+            memo=memo,
+        )
+    except (json.JSONDecodeError, IndexError) as e:
+        logger.warning(f"Failed to deserialize PayPal metadata: {e}")
+        return FiatSubscriptionPaymentOptions()
+
+
+async def handle_square_event(event: dict):
+    event_id = event.get("event_id") or event.get("id", "")
+    event_type = event.get("type", "")
+    logger.info(f"Handling Square event: '{event_id}'. Type: '{event_type}'.")
+
+    if event_type == "payment.updated":
+        await _handle_square_payment_event(event)
+        return
+
+    if event_type == "invoice.payment_made":
+        await _handle_square_invoice_payment_made(event)
+        return
+
+    logger.warning(f"Unhandled Square event type: '{event_type}'.")
+
+
+async def handle_revolut_event(event: dict):
+    event_type = event.get("event", "")
+    order_id = event.get("order_id")
+    logger.info(f"Handling Revolut event: '{event_type}'. Order ID: '{order_id}'.")
+
+    if event_type in ["ORDER_AUTHORISED", "ORDER_COMPLETED"]:
+        if not order_id:
+            logger.warning("Revolut event missing order_id.")
+            return
+
+        payment = await get_standalone_payment(f"fiat_revolut_order_{order_id}")
+        if payment:
+            await check_fiat_status(payment)
+            return
+
+        if event_type == "ORDER_COMPLETED":
+            logger.warning(f"No payment found for Revolut order: '{order_id}'.")
+            await _handle_revolut_subscription_order_paid(order_id)
+            return
+
+        logger.info(f"Ignoring Revolut authorised order without payment: '{order_id}'.")
+        return
+
+    if event_type == "SUBSCRIPTION_INITIATED":
+        logger.info("Revolut subscription initiated event received.")
+        return
+
+    if event_type in [
+        "SUBSCRIPTION_CANCELLED",
+        "SUBSCRIPTION_FINISHED",
+        "SUBSCRIPTION_OVERDUE",
+    ]:
+        logger.info(f"Revolut subscription lifecycle event received: '{event_type}'.")
+        return
+
+    logger.warning(f"Unhandled Revolut event type: '{event_type}'.")
+
+
+async def _get_revolut_provider() -> RevolutWallet | None:
+    fiat_provider = await get_fiat_provider("revolut")
+    if not isinstance(fiat_provider, RevolutWallet):
+        logger.warning("Revolut fiat provider is not configured.")
+        return None
+    return fiat_provider
+
+
+async def _handle_revolut_subscription(
+    subscription: dict,
+    fiat_provider: RevolutWallet,
+    order_id: str | None = None,
+    order: dict | None = None,
+):
+    subscription_id = subscription.get("id")
+    if not subscription_id:
+        logger.warning("Revolut subscription missing id.")
+        return
+
+    reference = fiat_provider.deserialize_subscription_reference(
+        subscription.get("external_reference")
+    )
+    if not reference:
+        logger.warning("Revolut subscription event missing LNbits metadata.")
+        return
+
+    if not order_id:
+        cycle_id = subscription.get("current_cycle_id")
+        if not cycle_id:
+            logger.warning("Revolut subscription missing current_cycle_id.")
+            return
+
+        cycle = await fiat_provider.get_subscription_cycle(subscription_id, cycle_id)
+        order_id = cycle.get("order_id")
+        if not order_id:
+            logger.warning("Revolut subscription cycle missing order_id.")
+            return
+
+    existing_payment = await get_standalone_payment(f"fiat_revolut_order_{order_id}")
+    if existing_payment:
+        if existing_payment.external_id != subscription_id:
+            existing_payment.external_id = subscription_id
+            await update_payment(existing_payment)
+        await check_fiat_status(existing_payment)
+        return
+
+    if not order:
+        order = await fiat_provider.get_order(order_id)
+    amount_minor = order.get("amount")
+    currency = (order.get("currency") or "").upper()
+    if amount_minor is None or not currency:
+        raise ValueError("Revolut subscription order missing amount or currency.")
+
+    extra = {
+        **(reference.extra or {}),
+        "subscription_request_id": subscription_id,
+        "fiat_method": "subscription",
+        "tag": reference.tag,
+        "subscription": {
+            "checking_id": f"order_{order_id}",
+            "payment_request": order.get("checkout_url") or "",
+        },
+    }
+    lnbits_payment = await _create_revolut_subscription_payment(
+        wallet_id=reference.wallet_id,
+        amount_minor=amount_minor,
+        currency=currency,
+        memo=reference.memo or "",
+        extra=extra,
+        order_id=order_id,
+        payment_request=order.get("checkout_url") or "",
+        subscription_id=subscription_id,
+    )
+
+    await check_fiat_status(lnbits_payment)
+
+
+async def _handle_revolut_subscription_order_paid(order_id: str):
+    fiat_provider = await _get_revolut_provider()
+    if not fiat_provider:
+        return
+
+    order = await fiat_provider.get_order(order_id)
+    order_type = (order.get("type") or "").lower()
+    order_state = (order.get("state") or "").upper()
+    if order_type != "payment" or order_state != "COMPLETED":
+        logger.warning(f"Revolut order is not a completed payment: '{order_id}'.")
+        return
+
+    channel_data = order.get("channel_data") or {}
+    subscription_id = channel_data.get("subscription_id")
+    if not subscription_id:
+        logger.warning(f"Revolut order missing subscription_id: '{order_id}'.")
+        return
+
+    subscription = await fiat_provider.get_subscription(subscription_id)
+    if subscription.get("state") != "active":
+        logger.warning(f"Revolut subscription is not active: '{subscription_id}'.")
+        return
+
+    await _handle_revolut_subscription(
+        subscription, fiat_provider, order_id=order_id, order=order
+    )
+
+
+async def _create_revolut_subscription_payment(
+    wallet_id: str,
+    amount_minor: int,
+    currency: str,
+    memo: str,
+    extra: dict,
+    order_id: str,
+    payment_request: str,
+    subscription_id: str,
+) -> Payment:
+    amount = RevolutWallet.minor_units_to_amount(amount_minor, currency)
+    payment = await create_wallet_invoice(
+        wallet_id,
+        CreateInvoice(
+            unit=currency,
+            amount=amount,
+            memo=memo,
+            extra=extra,
+            internal=True,
+            external_id=subscription_id,
+        ),
+    )
+    payment.fee = -abs(service_fee_fiat(payment.msat, "revolut"))
+    payment.fiat_provider = "revolut"
+    payment.extra["fiat_checking_id"] = f"order_{order_id}"
+    payment.extra["fiat_payment_request"] = payment_request
+    checking_id = f"fiat_revolut_order_{order_id}"
+    await update_payment(payment, checking_id)
+    payment.checking_id = checking_id
+    return payment
+
+
+async def _handle_square_payment_event(event: dict):
+    payment = _square_extract_payment(event)
+    payment_options = _deserialize_square_metadata(_square_payment_note(payment))
+    if payment_options.wallet_id:
+        if not _square_payment_is_completed(payment):
+            logger.debug("Square subscription payment is not completed yet.")
+            return
+        await _handle_square_subscription_payment(payment, payment_options)
+        return
+
+    order_id = payment.get("order_id")
+    if not order_id:
+        logger.warning("Square payment event missing order_id.")
+        return
+
+    lnbits_payment = await get_standalone_payment(f"fiat_square_order_{order_id}")
+    if not lnbits_payment:
+        logger.warning(f"No payment found for Square order: '{order_id}'.")
+        return
+
+    await check_fiat_status(lnbits_payment)
+
+
+async def _handle_square_invoice_payment_made(event: dict):
+    invoice = event.get("data", {}).get("object", {}).get("invoice") or {}
+    order_id = invoice.get("order_id")
+    if not order_id:
+        logger.warning("Square invoice.payment_made event missing order_id.")
+        return
+    subscription_id = invoice.get("subscription_id")
+
+    fiat_provider = await get_fiat_provider("square")
+    if not isinstance(fiat_provider, SquareWallet):
+        logger.warning("Square fiat provider is not configured.")
+        return
+
+    payment = await fiat_provider.get_payment_for_order(order_id)
+    if not payment:
+        logger.warning(f"No Square payment found for invoice order: '{order_id}'.")
+        return
+
+    payment_options = _deserialize_square_metadata(_square_payment_note(payment))
+    if not payment_options.wallet_id:
+        payment_id = payment.get("id")
+        stored_payment = (
+            await get_standalone_payment(f"fiat_square_payment_{payment_id}")
+            if payment_id
+            else None
+        )
+        if not stored_payment and subscription_id:
+            stored_payments = await get_payments(
+                filters=Filters(
+                    filters=[
+                        Filter.parse_query(
+                            "external_id", [subscription_id], PaymentFilters
+                        )
+                    ],
+                    model=PaymentFilters,
+                    sortby="created_at",
+                    direction="desc",
+                    limit=1,
+                )
+            )
+            stored_payment = stored_payments[0] if stored_payments else None
+        if stored_payment:
+            payment_options = _square_payment_options_from_payment(stored_payment)
+        else:
+            logger.warning("Square subscription payment missing LNbits metadata.")
+            return
+
+    await _handle_square_subscription_payment(
+        payment,
+        payment_options,
+        invoice.get("public_url") or "",
+        square_subscription_id=subscription_id,
+    )
+
+
+async def _handle_square_subscription_payment(
+    payment: dict,
+    payment_options: FiatSubscriptionPaymentOptions,
+    payment_request: str = "",
+    square_subscription_id: str | None = None,
+):
+    amount_money = payment.get("amount_money") or {}
+    amount = amount_money.get("amount")
+    currency = (amount_money.get("currency") or "").upper()
+    payment_id = payment.get("id")
+    if amount is None or not currency or not payment_id:
+        raise ValueError("Square subscription payment event missing payment amount.")
+    wallet_id = payment_options.wallet_id
+    if not wallet_id:
+        raise ValueError("Square subscription payment event missing wallet_id.")
+
+    checking_id = f"payment_{payment_id}"
+    existing_payment = await get_standalone_payment(f"fiat_square_{checking_id}")
+    if existing_payment:
+        if (
+            square_subscription_id
+            and existing_payment.external_id != square_subscription_id
+        ):
+            existing_payment.external_id = square_subscription_id
+            await update_payment(existing_payment)
+        await check_fiat_status(existing_payment)
+        return
+
+    square_subscription_id = square_subscription_id or (
+        payment_options.extra or {}
+    ).get("square_subscription_id")
+    extra = {
+        **(payment_options.extra or {}),
+        "subscription_request_id": payment_options.subscription_request_id,
+        "fiat_method": "subscription",
+        "tag": payment_options.tag,
+        "subscription": {
+            "checking_id": checking_id,
+            "payment_request": payment_request,
+        },
+    }
+
+    lnbits_payment = await create_fiat_invoice(
+        wallet_id=wallet_id,
+        invoice_data=CreateInvoice(
+            unit=currency,
+            amount=amount / 100,
+            memo=payment_options.memo or "",
+            extra=extra,
+            fiat_provider="square",
+            external_id=square_subscription_id,
+        ),
+    )
+
+    await check_fiat_status(lnbits_payment)
+
+
+def _square_payment_options_from_payment(
+    payment: Payment,
+) -> FiatSubscriptionPaymentOptions:
+    extra = payment.extra or {}
+    return FiatSubscriptionPaymentOptions(
+        wallet_id=payment.wallet_id,
+        tag=extra.get("tag") or payment.tag,
+        subscription_request_id=extra.get("subscription_request_id"),
+        extra=extra,
+        memo=payment.memo,
+    )
+
+
+def _square_extract_payment(event: dict) -> dict:
+    event_object = event.get("data", {}).get("object", {})
+    return event_object.get("payment") or event_object
+
+
+def _square_payment_is_completed(payment: dict) -> bool:
+    return (payment.get("status") or "").upper() == "COMPLETED"
+
+
+def _square_payment_note(payment: dict) -> str:
+    return payment.get("note") or payment.get("payment_note") or ""
+
+
+def _deserialize_square_metadata(custom_id: str) -> FiatSubscriptionPaymentOptions:
+    try:
+        meta = json.loads(custom_id)
+        if not isinstance(meta, list):
+            return FiatSubscriptionPaymentOptions()
+        wallet_id = meta[0] if len(meta) > 0 else None
+        tag = meta[1] if len(meta) > 1 else None
+        subscription_request_id = meta[2] if len(meta) > 2 else None
+        extra_link = meta[3] if len(meta) > 3 else None
+        memo = meta[4] if len(meta) > 4 else None
+
+        extra = {
+            "link": extra_link,
+            "subscription_request_id": subscription_request_id,
+        }
+
+        return FiatSubscriptionPaymentOptions(
+            wallet_id=wallet_id,
+            tag=tag,
+            subscription_request_id=subscription_request_id,
+            extra=extra,
+            memo=memo,
+        )
+    except (json.JSONDecodeError, IndexError, TypeError):
+        return FiatSubscriptionPaymentOptions()
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import json
 import sys
 import traceback
 from http import HTTPStatus
@@ -9,7 +10,7 @@ from fastapi.requests import Request
 from loguru import logger

 from lnbits.core.crud.extensions import get_user_extensions
-from lnbits.core.crud.wallets import get_wallets_ids
+from lnbits.core.crud.wallets import get_wallet, get_wallets_ids
 from lnbits.core.db import db
 from lnbits.core.models import (
    SimpleStatus,
@@ -18,28 +19,50 @@ from lnbits.core.models.extensions import (
    CreateExtension,
    CreateExtensionReview,
    Extension,
+    ExtensionBackgroundPaymentDestinationPolicy,
+    ExtensionBackgroundPaymentGrant,
+    ExtensionBackgroundPaymentGrantRequest,
    ExtensionConfig,
    ExtensionMeta,
+    ExtensionPermissionCheckRequest,
+    ExtensionPermissionCheckResponse,
+    ExtensionPermissionCheckResult,
+    ExtensionPermissionsResponse,
    ExtensionRelease,
    ExtensionReview,
    ExtensionReviewPaymentRequest,
    ExtensionReviewsStatus,
+    ExtensionWalletPaymentsWatchGrant,
+    ExtensionWalletPaymentsWatchGrantRequest,
    InstallableExtension,
    PayToEnableInfo,
    ReleasePaymentInfo,
    UserExtension,
    UserExtensionInfo,
+    WasmInvocation,
+    WasmInvocationStats,
+    WasmRuntimeLimitsInfo,
+    WasmRuntimeLimitsUpdate,
+    wasm_extension_icon_url,
 )
 from lnbits.core.models.users import Account, AccountId
 from lnbits.core.services import check_transaction_status, create_invoice
 from lnbits.core.services.extensions import (
    activate_extension,
    deactivate_extension,
+    get_current_wasm_invocations,
    get_valid_extension,
    get_valid_extensions,
+    get_wasm_invocation_history,
+    get_wasm_invocation_summary,
    install_extension,
+    resolve_wasm_runtime_limits,
+    stop_wasm_invocation,
    uninstall_extension,
+    update_wasm_extension_runtime_limits,
+    validate_wasm_runtime_limit_overrides,
 )
+from lnbits.core.wasm_ext.api.permissions import validate_extension_permissions
 from lnbits.db import Page
 from lnbits.decorators import (
    check_account_exists,
@@ -66,6 +89,9 @@ extension_router = APIRouter(
    prefix="/api/v1/extension",
 )

+WALLET_PAY_INVOICE_BACKGROUND_PERMISSION = "wallet.pay_invoice_background"
+WALLET_PAYMENTS_WATCH_PERMISSION = "wallet.payments.watch"
+

@extension_router.post("", dependencies=[Depends(check_admin)])
 async def api_install_extension(data: CreateExtension):
@@ -89,7 +115,9 @@ async def api_install_extension(data: CreateExtension):
    )

    try:
-        extension = await install_extension(ext_info)
+        extension = await install_extension(
+            ext_info, granted_permissions=data.permissions
+        )

    except Exception as exc:
        logger.warning(exc)
@@ -98,12 +126,16 @@ async def api_install_extension(data: CreateExtension):
        ext_info.clean_extension_files()
        detail = (
            str(exc)
-            if isinstance(exc, AssertionError)
+            if isinstance(exc, (AssertionError, ValueError))
            else f"Failed to install extension '{ext_info.id}'."
            f"({ext_info.installed_version})."
        )
        raise HTTPException(
-            status_code=HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+            status_code=(
+                HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST
+                if isinstance(exc, (AssertionError, ValueError))
+                else HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR
+            ),
            detail=detail,
        ) from exc

@@ -124,6 +156,106 @@ async def api_install_extension(data: CreateExtension):
        ) from exc


+@extension_router.get(
+    "/wasm/invocations/current",
+    dependencies=[Depends(check_admin)],
+)
+async def api_get_current_wasm_invocations(
+    extension_id: str | None = None,
+) -> list[WasmInvocation]:
+    return get_current_wasm_invocations(extension_id=extension_id)
+
+
+@extension_router.get(
+    "/wasm/invocations",
+    dependencies=[Depends(check_admin)],
+)
+async def api_get_wasm_invocations(
+    extension_id: str | None = None,
+    status: str | None = None,
+    limit: int = 100,
+    offset: int = 0,
+) -> list[WasmInvocation]:
+    return await get_wasm_invocation_history(
+        extension_id=extension_id,
+        status=status,
+        limit=limit,
+        offset=offset,
+    )
+
+
+@extension_router.get(
+    "/wasm/invocations/stats",
+    dependencies=[Depends(check_admin)],
+)
+async def api_get_wasm_invocation_stats(
+    extension_id: str | None = None,
+    hours: int = 24,
+) -> WasmInvocationStats:
+    return await get_wasm_invocation_summary(extension_id=extension_id, hours=hours)
+
+
+@extension_router.post(
+    "/wasm/invocations/{invocation_id}/stop",
+    dependencies=[Depends(check_admin)],
+)
+async def api_stop_wasm_invocation(invocation_id: str) -> SimpleStatus:
+    await stop_wasm_invocation(invocation_id, reason="Stopped by admin.")
+    return SimpleStatus(success=True, message="WASM invocation stop requested.")
+
+
+@extension_router.get(
+    "/wasm/runtime-limits/extensions",
+    dependencies=[Depends(check_admin)],
+)
+async def api_get_wasm_runtime_limit_extensions() -> list[WasmRuntimeLimitsInfo]:
+    installed_extensions = await get_installed_extensions()
+    return [
+        WasmRuntimeLimitsInfo(
+            id=extension.id,
+            name=extension.name,
+            active=extension.active,
+            wasm_runtime_limits=validate_wasm_runtime_limit_overrides(
+                extension.wasm_runtime_limits,
+                strict=False,
+            ),
+            effective_wasm_runtime_limits=resolve_wasm_runtime_limits(extension),
+        )
+        for extension in installed_extensions
+        if extension.is_wasm
+    ]
+
+
+@extension_router.put(
+    "/wasm/runtime-limits/{ext_id}",
+    dependencies=[Depends(check_admin)],
+)
+async def api_update_wasm_runtime_limits(
+    ext_id: str,
+    data: WasmRuntimeLimitsUpdate,
+) -> WasmRuntimeLimitsInfo:
+    try:
+        wasm_runtime_limits = await update_wasm_extension_runtime_limits(
+            ext_id, data.limits
+        )
+        extension = await get_installed_extension(ext_id)
+        if not extension:
+            raise ValueError(f"Extension '{ext_id}' is not installed.")
+        extension.wasm_runtime_limits = wasm_runtime_limits
+        return WasmRuntimeLimitsInfo(
+            id=extension.id,
+            name=extension.name,
+            active=extension.active,
+            wasm_runtime_limits=wasm_runtime_limits,
+            effective_wasm_runtime_limits=resolve_wasm_runtime_limits(extension),
+        )
+    except ValueError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail=str(exc),
+        ) from exc
+
+
@extension_router.get("/{ext_id}/details")
 async def api_extension_details(
    ext_id: str,
@@ -247,6 +379,213 @@ async def api_disable_extension(
    return SimpleStatus(success=True, message=f"Extension '{ext_id}' disabled.")


+@extension_router.post("/{ext_id}/permissions/background-payment")
+async def api_grant_background_payment_permission(
+    ext_id: str,
+    data: ExtensionBackgroundPaymentGrantRequest,
+    account_id: AccountId = Depends(check_account_id_exists),
+) -> dict:
+    installed_ext = await get_installed_extension(ext_id)
+    if not installed_ext or not installed_ext.active:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.NOT_FOUND, f"Extension '{ext_id}' is not active."
+        )
+
+    installed_permission_ids = {
+        permission.id for permission in installed_ext.permissions or []
+    }
+    if WALLET_PAY_INVOICE_BACKGROUND_PERMISSION not in installed_permission_ids:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN,
+            f"Extension '{ext_id}' cannot request background payments.",
+        )
+
+    user_ext = await get_user_extension(account_id.id, ext_id)
+    if not user_ext or not user_ext.active:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN,
+            f"Extension '{ext_id}' is not enabled for this user.",
+        )
+
+    wallet = await get_wallet(data.wallet_id)
+    if not wallet or wallet.user != account_id.id:
+        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN, "Not your wallet.")
+    if wallet.is_lightning_shared_wallet:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+            "Background payments are not allowed from shared wallets.",
+        )
+    if not wallet.can_send_payments:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+            "This wallet cannot send payments.",
+        )
+
+    permissions = user_ext.permissions or {}
+    grant = data.to_grant(
+        _user_permission_grant_id_for_wallet(
+            permissions,
+            WALLET_PAY_INVOICE_BACKGROUND_PERMISSION,
+            data.wallet_id,
+        )
+    )
+    background_grants = [
+        existing
+        for existing in permissions.get(WALLET_PAY_INVOICE_BACKGROUND_PERMISSION, [])
+        if isinstance(existing, dict) and existing.get("wallet_id") != grant.wallet_id
+    ]
+    background_grants.append(json.loads(grant.json()))
+    permissions[WALLET_PAY_INVOICE_BACKGROUND_PERMISSION] = background_grants
+    user_ext.permissions = permissions
+    await update_user_extension(user_ext)
+    return {"permission": WALLET_PAY_INVOICE_BACKGROUND_PERMISSION, "grant": grant}
+
+
+@extension_router.post("/{ext_id}/permissions/wallet-payments-watch")
+async def api_grant_wallet_payments_watch_permission(
+    ext_id: str,
+    data: ExtensionWalletPaymentsWatchGrantRequest,
+    account_id: AccountId = Depends(check_account_id_exists),
+) -> dict:
+    installed_ext = await get_installed_extension(ext_id)
+    if not installed_ext or not installed_ext.active:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.NOT_FOUND, f"Extension '{ext_id}' is not active."
+        )
+
+    installed_permission_ids = {
+        permission.id for permission in installed_ext.permissions or []
+    }
+    if WALLET_PAYMENTS_WATCH_PERMISSION not in installed_permission_ids:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN,
+            f"Extension '{ext_id}' cannot request wallet payment watch access.",
+        )
+
+    user_ext = await get_user_extension(account_id.id, ext_id)
+    if not user_ext or not user_ext.active:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN,
+            f"Extension '{ext_id}' is not enabled for this user.",
+        )
+
+    wallet = await get_wallet(data.wallet_id)
+    if not wallet or wallet.user != account_id.id:
+        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN, "Not your wallet.")
+
+    permissions = user_ext.permissions or {}
+    grant = data.to_grant(
+        _user_permission_grant_id_for_wallet(
+            permissions,
+            WALLET_PAYMENTS_WATCH_PERMISSION,
+            data.wallet_id,
+        )
+    )
+    watch_grants = [
+        existing
+        for existing in permissions.get(WALLET_PAYMENTS_WATCH_PERMISSION, [])
+        if isinstance(existing, dict) and existing.get("wallet_id") != grant.wallet_id
+    ]
+    watch_grants.append(json.loads(grant.json()))
+    permissions[WALLET_PAYMENTS_WATCH_PERMISSION] = watch_grants
+    user_ext.permissions = permissions
+    await update_user_extension(user_ext)
+    return {"permission": WALLET_PAYMENTS_WATCH_PERMISSION, "grant": grant}
+
+
+@extension_router.get("/{ext_id}/permissions")
+async def api_get_extension_permissions(
+    ext_id: str,
+    account_id: AccountId = Depends(check_account_id_exists),
+) -> ExtensionPermissionsResponse:
+    installed_ext = await _require_active_wasm_extension(ext_id)
+    extension_permissions = validate_extension_permissions(
+        installed_ext.id, installed_ext.permissions, strict=False
+    )
+    user_ext = await get_user_extension(account_id.id, ext_id)
+    return ExtensionPermissionsResponse(
+        extension_permissions=extension_permissions,
+        user_permissions=_safe_user_extension_permissions(
+            user_ext.permissions if user_ext else {}
+        ),
+    )
+
+
+@extension_router.delete("/{ext_id}/permissions/user/{grant_id}")
+async def api_delete_user_extension_permission(
+    ext_id: str,
+    grant_id: str,
+    account_id: AccountId = Depends(check_account_id_exists),
+) -> SimpleStatus:
+    await _require_active_wasm_extension(ext_id)
+
+    user_ext = await get_user_extension(account_id.id, ext_id)
+    if not user_ext:
+        return SimpleStatus(success=True, message="Permission grant removed.")
+
+    user_ext.permissions = _remove_user_permission_grant(
+        user_ext.permissions or {}, grant_id
+    )
+    await update_user_extension(user_ext)
+    return SimpleStatus(success=True, message="Permission grant removed.")
+
+
+@extension_router.post("/{ext_id}/permissions/check")
+async def api_check_extension_permissions(
+    ext_id: str,
+    data: ExtensionPermissionCheckRequest,
+    account_id: AccountId = Depends(check_account_id_exists),
+) -> ExtensionPermissionCheckResponse:
+    installed_ext = await get_installed_extension(ext_id)
+    if not installed_ext or not installed_ext.active:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.NOT_FOUND, f"Extension '{ext_id}' is not active."
+        )
+
+    installed_permission_ids = {
+        permission.id for permission in installed_ext.permissions or []
+    }
+
+    user_ext = await get_user_extension(account_id.id, ext_id)
+    if not user_ext or not user_ext.active:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN,
+            f"Extension '{ext_id}' is not enabled for this user.",
+        )
+
+    results: list[ExtensionPermissionCheckResult] = []
+    for permission in data.permissions:
+        if permission.id not in installed_permission_ids:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN,
+                f"Extension '{ext_id}' cannot request '{permission.id}'.",
+            )
+        if permission.id == WALLET_PAY_INVOICE_BACKGROUND_PERMISSION:
+            results.append(
+                await _check_background_payment_permission(
+                    account_id.id,
+                    user_ext.permissions or {},
+                    permission.grant,
+                )
+            )
+            continue
+        if permission.id == WALLET_PAYMENTS_WATCH_PERMISSION:
+            results.append(
+                await _check_wallet_payments_watch_permission(
+                    account_id.id,
+                    user_ext.permissions or {},
+                    permission.grant,
+                )
+            )
+            continue
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+            f"Unsupported permission check '{permission.id}'.",
+        )
+
+    return ExtensionPermissionCheckResponse(permissions=results)
+
+
@extension_router.put("/{ext_id}/activate", dependencies=[Depends(check_admin)])
 async def api_activate_extension(ext_id: str) -> SimpleStatus:
    try:
@@ -288,7 +627,6 @@ async def api_deactivate_extension(ext_id: str) -> SimpleStatus:

@extension_router.delete("/{ext_id}", dependencies=[Depends(check_admin)])
 async def api_uninstall_extension(ext_id: str) -> SimpleStatus:
-
    extension = await get_installed_extension(ext_id)
    if not extension:
        raise HTTPException(
@@ -456,11 +794,19 @@ async def get_extension_release(org: str, repo: str, tag_name: str):
        if not config:
            return {}

+        permissions = validate_extension_permissions(config.name, config.permissions)
+
        return {
            "min_lnbits_version": config.min_lnbits_version,
            "is_version_compatible": config.is_version_compatible(),
            "warning": config.warning,
+            "extension_type": config.extension_type,
+            "permissions": [dict(permission) for permission in permissions],
        }
+    except ValueError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST, detail=str(exc)
+        ) from exc
    except Exception as exc:
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, detail=str(exc)
@@ -532,9 +878,10 @@ async def extensions(account_id: AccountId = Depends(check_account_id_exists)):
    )
    installable_exts_ids = [e.id for e in installable_exts]
    installable_exts += [e for e in installed_exts if e.id not in installable_exts_ids]
+    installed_exts_by_id = {e.id: e for e in installed_exts}

    for e in installable_exts:
-        installed_ext = next((ie for ie in installed_exts if e.id == ie.id), None)
+        installed_ext = installed_exts_by_id.get(e.id)
        if installed_ext and installed_ext.meta:
            installed_release = installed_ext.meta.installed_release
            if installed_ext.meta.pay_to_enable and not account_id.is_admin_id:
@@ -555,46 +902,60 @@ async def extensions(account_id: AccountId = Depends(check_account_id_exists)):
            e.short_description = installed_ext.short_description
            e.icon = installed_ext.icon

-    extension_data = [
-        {
-            "id": ext.id,
-            "name": ext.name,
-            "icon": ext.icon,
-            "shortDescription": ext.short_description,
-            "stars": ext.stars,
-            "isFeatured": ext.meta.featured if ext.meta else False,
-            "dependencies": ext.meta.dependencies if ext.meta else "",
-            "isInstalled": ext.id in installed_exts_ids,
-            "hasDatabaseTables": next(
-                (True for version in db_versions if version.db == ext.id), False
-            ),
-            "isAvailable": ext.id in all_ext_ids,
-            "isAdminOnly": ext.id in settings.lnbits_admin_extensions,
-            "isActive": ext.id not in inactive_extensions,
-            "latestRelease": (
-                dict(ext.meta.latest_release)
-                if ext.meta and ext.meta.latest_release
-                else None
-            ),
-            "hasPaidRelease": ext.meta.has_paid_release if ext.meta else False,
-            "hasFreeRelease": ext.meta.has_free_release if ext.meta else False,
-            "paidFeatures": ext.meta.paid_features if ext.meta else False,
-            "installedRelease": (
-                dict(ext.meta.installed_release)
-                if ext.meta and ext.meta.installed_release
-                else None
-            ),
-            "payToEnable": (
-                dict(ext.meta.pay_to_enable)
-                if ext.meta and ext.meta.pay_to_enable
-                else {}
-            ),
-            "isPaymentRequired": ext.requires_payment,
-            "inProgress": False,
-            "selectedForUpdate": False,
-        }
-        for ext in installable_exts
-    ]
+    extension_data = []
+    for ext in installable_exts:
+        installed_ext = installed_exts_by_id.get(ext.id)
+        is_wasm = installed_ext.is_wasm if installed_ext else ext.is_wasm
+        icon = wasm_extension_icon_url(ext.id) if is_wasm else ext.icon
+        permissions = (
+            validate_extension_permissions(
+                installed_ext.id, installed_ext.permissions, strict=False
+            )
+            if installed_ext
+            else []
+        )
+        extension_data.append(
+            {
+                "id": ext.id,
+                "name": ext.name,
+                "icon": icon,
+                "shortDescription": ext.short_description,
+                "stars": ext.stars,
+                "isFeatured": ext.meta.featured if ext.meta else False,
+                "categories": ext.meta.categories if ext.meta else [],
+                "dependencies": ext.meta.dependencies if ext.meta else "",
+                "isInstalled": ext.id in installed_exts_ids,
+                "hasDatabaseTables": next(
+                    (True for version in db_versions if version.db == ext.id), False
+                ),
+                "isAvailable": ext.id in all_ext_ids,
+                "isAdminOnly": ext.id in settings.lnbits_admin_extensions,
+                "isActive": ext.id not in inactive_extensions,
+                "latestRelease": (
+                    dict(ext.meta.latest_release)
+                    if ext.meta and ext.meta.latest_release
+                    else None
+                ),
+                "hasPaidRelease": ext.meta.has_paid_release if ext.meta else False,
+                "hasFreeRelease": ext.meta.has_free_release if ext.meta else False,
+                "paidFeatures": ext.meta.paid_features if ext.meta else False,
+                "installedRelease": (
+                    dict(ext.meta.installed_release)
+                    if ext.meta and ext.meta.installed_release
+                    else None
+                ),
+                "payToEnable": (
+                    dict(ext.meta.pay_to_enable)
+                    if ext.meta and ext.meta.pay_to_enable
+                    else {}
+                ),
+                "isPaymentRequired": ext.requires_payment,
+                "isWasm": is_wasm,
+                "permissions": [dict(permission) for permission in permissions],
+                "inProgress": False,
+                "selectedForUpdate": False,
+            }
+        )
    return extension_data


@@ -642,3 +1003,178 @@ async def create_extension_review(
        resp.raise_for_status()
        payment_request = resp.json()
        return ExtensionReviewPaymentRequest(**payment_request)
+
+
+async def _require_active_wasm_extension(ext_id: str) -> InstallableExtension:
+    installed_ext = await get_installed_extension(ext_id)
+    if not installed_ext or not installed_ext.active:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.NOT_FOUND, f"Extension '{ext_id}' is not active."
+        )
+    if not installed_ext.is_wasm:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST, f"Extension '{ext_id}' is not a WASM extension."
+        )
+    return installed_ext
+
+
+def _safe_user_extension_permissions(permissions: dict | None) -> dict:
+    safe_permissions: dict[str, list[dict]] = {}
+    for permission_id, grants in (permissions or {}).items():
+        if not isinstance(permission_id, str) or not isinstance(grants, list):
+            continue
+        safe_grants = [
+            grant
+            for grant in grants
+            if isinstance(grant, dict) and isinstance(grant.get("id"), str)
+        ]
+        if safe_grants:
+            safe_permissions[permission_id] = safe_grants
+    return safe_permissions
+
+
+def _user_permission_grant_id_for_wallet(
+    permissions: dict, permission_id: str, wallet_id: str
+) -> str | None:
+    grants = permissions.get(permission_id)
+    if not isinstance(grants, list):
+        return None
+
+    for grant in grants:
+        if not isinstance(grant, dict) or grant.get("wallet_id") != wallet_id:
+            continue
+        grant_id = grant.get("id")
+        return grant_id if isinstance(grant_id, str) and grant_id else None
+    return None
+
+
+def _remove_user_permission_grant(permissions: dict, grant_id: str) -> dict:
+    updated_permissions = dict(permissions or {})
+    for permission_id, grants in list(updated_permissions.items()):
+        if not isinstance(grants, list):
+            continue
+
+        remaining_grants = [
+            grant
+            for grant in grants
+            if not isinstance(grant, dict) or grant.get("id") != grant_id
+        ]
+        if remaining_grants:
+            updated_permissions[permission_id] = remaining_grants
+        else:
+            updated_permissions.pop(permission_id, None)
+    return updated_permissions
+
+
+async def _check_background_payment_permission(
+    account_id: str,
+    permissions: dict,
+    grant_data: dict,
+) -> ExtensionPermissionCheckResult:
+    try:
+        data = ExtensionBackgroundPaymentGrantRequest.parse_obj(grant_data)
+    except ValueError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST, str(exc)) from exc
+
+    wallet = await get_wallet(data.wallet_id)
+    if not wallet or wallet.user != account_id:
+        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN, "Not your wallet.")
+    if wallet.is_lightning_shared_wallet:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+            "Background payments are not allowed from shared wallets.",
+        )
+    if not wallet.can_send_payments:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+            "This wallet cannot send payments.",
+        )
+
+    requested_grant = data.to_grant()
+    existing_grant = _find_background_payment_grant(
+        permissions, requested_grant.wallet_id
+    )
+    covered = (
+        existing_grant is not None
+        and existing_grant.enabled
+        and existing_grant.max_amount >= requested_grant.max_amount
+        and _background_destination_policy_covers(
+            existing_grant.destination_policy, requested_grant.destination_policy
+        )
+    )
+    grant = existing_grant if covered and existing_grant else requested_grant
+    return ExtensionPermissionCheckResult(
+        id=WALLET_PAY_INVOICE_BACKGROUND_PERMISSION,
+        approved=covered,
+        grant=json.loads(grant.json()),
+    )
+
+
+async def _check_wallet_payments_watch_permission(
+    account_id: str,
+    permissions: dict,
+    grant_data: dict,
+) -> ExtensionPermissionCheckResult:
+    try:
+        data = ExtensionWalletPaymentsWatchGrantRequest.parse_obj(grant_data)
+    except ValueError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST, str(exc)) from exc
+
+    wallet = await get_wallet(data.wallet_id)
+    if not wallet or wallet.user != account_id:
+        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN, "Not your wallet.")
+
+    existing_grant = _find_wallet_payments_watch_grant(permissions, data.wallet_id)
+    covered = bool(existing_grant and existing_grant.enabled)
+    grant = existing_grant if covered and existing_grant else data.to_grant()
+    return ExtensionPermissionCheckResult(
+        id=WALLET_PAYMENTS_WATCH_PERMISSION,
+        approved=covered,
+        grant=json.loads(grant.json()),
+    )
+
+
+def _find_background_payment_grant(
+    permissions: dict, wallet_id: str
+) -> ExtensionBackgroundPaymentGrant | None:
+    grants = permissions.get(WALLET_PAY_INVOICE_BACKGROUND_PERMISSION)
+    if not isinstance(grants, list):
+        return None
+    for grant_data in grants:
+        if not isinstance(grant_data, dict):
+            continue
+        try:
+            grant = ExtensionBackgroundPaymentGrant.parse_obj(grant_data)
+        except ValueError:
+            continue
+        if grant.wallet_id == wallet_id:
+            return grant
+    return None
+
+
+def _find_wallet_payments_watch_grant(
+    permissions: dict, wallet_id: str
+) -> ExtensionWalletPaymentsWatchGrant | None:
+    grants = permissions.get(WALLET_PAYMENTS_WATCH_PERMISSION)
+    if not isinstance(grants, list):
+        return None
+    for grant_data in grants:
+        if not isinstance(grant_data, dict):
+            continue
+        try:
+            grant = ExtensionWalletPaymentsWatchGrant.parse_obj(grant_data)
+        except ValueError:
+            continue
+        if grant.wallet_id == wallet_id:
+            return grant
+    return None
+
+
+def _background_destination_policy_covers(
+    existing: ExtensionBackgroundPaymentDestinationPolicy,
+    requested: ExtensionBackgroundPaymentDestinationPolicy,
+) -> bool:
+    return (
+        existing == requested
+        or existing == ExtensionBackgroundPaymentDestinationPolicy.EXTERNAL_ALLOWED
+    )
@@ -1,17 +1,36 @@
 from http import HTTPStatus

 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException
+from loguru import logger
+from pydantic import BaseModel

+from lnbits.core.crud.settings import set_settings_field
 from lnbits.core.models.misc import SimpleStatus
 from lnbits.core.models.wallets import WalletTypeInfo
+from lnbits.core.services import update_cached_settings
 from lnbits.core.services.fiat_providers import test_connection
 from lnbits.decorators import check_admin, require_admin_key
-from lnbits.fiat import StripeWallet, get_fiat_provider
+from lnbits.fiat import RevolutWallet, StripeWallet, get_fiat_provider
 from lnbits.fiat.base import CreateFiatSubscription, FiatSubscriptionResponse

 fiat_router = APIRouter(tags=["Fiat API"], prefix="/api/v1/fiat")


+class RevolutCreateWebhook(BaseModel):
+    url: str
+    endpoint: str | None = None
+    api_secret_key: str | None = None
+    api_version: str | None = None
+
+
+class RevolutCreateWebhookResponse(BaseModel):
+    id: str | None = None
+    url: str
+    events: list[str] = []
+    signing_secret: str
+    already_exists: bool = False
+
+
@fiat_router.put(
    "/check/{provider}",
    status_code=HTTPStatus.OK,
@@ -21,6 +40,54 @@ async def api_test_fiat_provider(provider: str) -> SimpleStatus:
    return await test_connection(provider)


+@fiat_router.post(
+    "/revolut/webhook",
+    status_code=HTTPStatus.OK,
+    dependencies=[Depends(check_admin)],
+)
+async def api_create_revolut_webhook(
+    data: RevolutCreateWebhook,
+) -> RevolutCreateWebhookResponse:
+    try:
+        webhook = await RevolutWallet.create_webhook(
+            url=data.url,
+            endpoint=data.endpoint,
+            api_secret_key=data.api_secret_key,
+            api_version=data.api_version,
+        )
+    except ValueError as exc:
+        logger.warning(exc)
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(exc)) from exc
+    except Exception as exc:
+        logger.warning(exc)
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=500, detail="Failed to create Revolut webhook."
+        ) from exc
+
+    signing_secret = webhook.get("signing_secret")
+    webhook_url = webhook.get("url") or data.url
+    if not signing_secret:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=502, detail="Revolut returned no webhook signing secret."
+        )
+
+    updated_settings = {
+        "revolut_payment_webhook_url": webhook_url,
+        "revolut_webhook_signing_secret": signing_secret,
+    }
+    for key, value in updated_settings.items():
+        await set_settings_field(key, value)
+    update_cached_settings(updated_settings)
+
+    return RevolutCreateWebhookResponse(
+        id=webhook.get("id"),
+        url=webhook_url,
+        events=webhook.get("events") or [],
+        signing_secret=signing_secret,
+        already_exists=webhook.get("already_exists", False),
+    )
+
+
@fiat_router.post(
    "/{provider}/subscription",
    status_code=HTTPStatus.OK,
@@ -30,6 +97,11 @@ async def create_subscription(
    data: CreateFiatSubscription,
    key_type: WalletTypeInfo = Depends(require_admin_key),
 ) -> FiatSubscriptionResponse:
+    logger.debug(
+        f"Creating subscription with provider '{provider}. '"
+        f"Subscription ID '{data.subscription_id}'."
+    )
+
    fiat_provider = await get_fiat_provider(provider)
    if not fiat_provider:
        raise HTTPException(404, "Fiat provider not found")
@@ -47,6 +119,12 @@ async def create_subscription(
    subscription_response = await fiat_provider.create_subscription(
        data.subscription_id, data.quantity, data.payment_options
    )
+    if subscription_response.error_message:
+        logger.warning(
+            f"Failed to create subscription with provider '{provider}': "
+            f"{subscription_response.error_message}"
+        )
+
    return subscription_response


@@ -42,54 +42,38 @@ async def robots():


@generic_router.get(
-    "/extensions/builder/preview/{ext_id}",
+    "/extensions/builder/preview/{ext_id}/{resource}",
    name="extensions builder",
    dependencies=[Depends(check_extension_builder)],
 )
 async def extensions_builder_preview(
-    request: Request,
    ext_id: str,
+    resource: str | None = None,
    page_name: str | None = None,
    user: User = Depends(check_user_exists),
-) -> HTMLResponse:
+) -> FileResponse:
    working_dir_name = "preview_" + sha256(user.id.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()
-    html_file_name = "index.html"
-    if page_name == "public_page":
-        html_file_name = "public_page.html"

-    html_file_path = Path(
+    file_name = "index"
+    if page_name == "public_page":
+        file_name = "public_page"
+
+    resource_path = Path(
+        settings.extension_builder_working_dir_path,
        "extension_builder_stub",
        ext_id,
        working_dir_name,
        ext_id,
-        "templates",
-        ext_id,
-        html_file_name,
+        "static",
    )

-    html_file_full_path = Path(
-        settings.extension_builder_working_dir_path, html_file_path
-    )
+    file_ext = ".vue" if resource == "template" else ".js"
+    file_full_path = Path(resource_path, file_name + file_ext)

-    if not html_file_full_path.is_file():
-        return template_renderer().TemplateResponse(
-            request,
-            "error.html",
-            {
-                "status_code": 404,
-                "message": f"Extension {ext_id} not found, refresh Preview.",
-            },
-            status_code=HTTPStatus.NOT_FOUND,
-        )
-
-    response = template_renderer().TemplateResponse(
-        request,
-        html_file_path.as_posix(),
-        {
-            "user": user.json(),
-        },
-    )
+    if not file_full_path.is_file():
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=HTTPStatus.NOT_FOUND)

+    response = FileResponse(file_full_path.absolute().as_posix())
    response.headers["Content-Security-Policy"] = (
        "default-src 'self'; "
        "style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; "
@@ -205,15 +189,23 @@ admin_ui_checks = [Depends(check_admin), Depends(check_admin_ui)]
@generic_router.get("/audit", dependencies=admin_ui_checks)
@generic_router.get("/node", dependencies=admin_ui_checks)
@generic_router.get("/admin", dependencies=admin_ui_checks)
+@generic_router.get("/admin/extensions/wasm", dependencies=admin_ui_checks)
+@generic_router.get("/admin/extensions/wasm/limits", dependencies=admin_ui_checks)
+@generic_router.get("/admin/extensions/wasm/{ext_id}", dependencies=admin_ui_checks)
@generic_router.get(
    "/extensions/builder", dependencies=[Depends(check_extension_builder)]
 )
+@generic_router.get(
+    "/extensions/builder/preview", dependencies=[Depends(check_extension_builder)]
+)
 async def index(
-    request: Request, user: User = Depends(check_user_exists)
+    request: Request,
+    ext_id: str | None = None,
+    user: User = Depends(check_user_exists),
 ) -> HTMLResponse:
    return template_renderer().TemplateResponse(
        request,
-        "index.html",
+        "base.html",
        {
            "user": user.json(),
        },
@@ -224,7 +216,7 @@ async def index(
@generic_router.get("/node/public")
@generic_router.get("/first_install", dependencies=[Depends(check_first_install)])
 async def index_public(request: Request) -> HTMLResponse:
-    return template_renderer().TemplateResponse(request, "index.html", {"public": True})
+    return template_renderer().TemplateResponse(request, "base.html", {"public": True})


@generic_router.get("/uuidv4/{hex_value}")
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ lnurl_router = APIRouter(tags=["LNURL"])

 async def _handle(lnurl: str) -> LnurlResponseModel:
    try:
+        if "@" in lnurl:  # lower case lightning addresses
+            lnurl = lnurl.lower()
        res = await lnurl_handle(lnurl, user_agent=settings.user_agent, timeout=5)
        if isinstance(res, LnurlErrorResponse):
            raise HTTPException(status_code=HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST, detail=res.reason)
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ from lnbits.core.models import (
    PaymentWalletStats,
    SettleInvoice,
    SimpleStatus,
+    UpdatePaymentExtra,
 )
 from lnbits.core.models.payments import UpdatePaymentLabels
 from lnbits.core.models.users import AccountId
@@ -263,6 +264,7 @@ async def api_payments_create(
            payment_request=invoice_data.bolt11,
            extra=invoice_data.extra,
            labels=invoice_data.labels,
+            external_id=invoice_data.external_id,
        )
        return payment

@@ -296,6 +298,38 @@ async def api_update_payment_labels(
    return SimpleStatus(success=True, message="Payment labels updated.")


+@payment_router.patch(
+    "/extra",
+    name="Update payment extra",
+    description="Append new extra metadata to a payment.",
+    response_model=Payment,
+)
+async def api_update_payment_extra(
+    data: UpdatePaymentExtra,
+    key_type: WalletTypeInfo = Depends(require_admin_key),
+) -> Payment:
+    payment = await get_standalone_payment(
+        data.payment_hash, wallet_id=key_type.wallet.id
+    )
+    if payment is None:
+        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.NOT_FOUND, "Payment does not exist.")
+    if not payment.success:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "Payment extra can only be updated after success."
+        )
+
+    duplicate_keys = sorted(set(payment.extra).intersection(data.extra))
+    if duplicate_keys:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+            f"Extra keys already exist: {', '.join(duplicate_keys)}.",
+        )
+
+    payment.extra.update(data.extra)
+    await update_payment(payment)
+    return payment
+
+
@payment_router.get("/fee-reserve")
 async def api_payments_fee_reserve(invoice: str = Query("invoice")) -> JSONResponse:
    invoice_obj = bolt11.decode(invoice)
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ from lnbits.core.crud import (
    update_admin_settings,
    update_wallet,
 )
+from lnbits.core.crud.users import clear_user_id_cache, get_account, update_account
 from lnbits.core.crud.wallets import delete_wallet_by_id
 from lnbits.core.models import (
    AccountFilters,
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ async def api_get_users(
    summary="Get user by Id",
 )
 async def api_get_user(user_id: str) -> User:
-    user = await get_user(user_id)
+    user = await get_user(user_id, active_only=False)
    if not user:
        raise HTTPException(HTTPStatus.NOT_FOUND, "User not found.")
    return user
@@ -157,10 +158,6 @@ async def api_update_user(
 async def api_users_delete_user(
    user_id: str, account: Account = Depends(check_admin)
 ) -> SimpleStatus:
-    wallets = await get_wallets(user_id, deleted=False)
-    for wallet in wallets:
-        await delete_wallet_by_id(wallet.id)
-
    if user_id == settings.super_user:
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
@@ -172,6 +169,11 @@ async def api_users_delete_user(
            status_code=HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
            detail="Only super_user can delete admin user.",
        )
+
+    wallets = await get_wallets(user_id, deleted=False)
+    for wallet in wallets:
+        await delete_wallet_by_id(wallet.id)
+
    await delete_account(user_id)
    return SimpleStatus(success=True, message="User deleted.")

@@ -197,7 +199,7 @@ async def api_users_reset_password(user_id: str) -> str:
    return f"reset_key_{reset_key_b64}"


-@users_router.get(
+@users_router.put(
    "/user/{user_id}/admin",
    dependencies=[Depends(check_super_user)],
    name="Give or revoke admin permsisions to a user",
@@ -220,6 +222,43 @@ async def api_users_toggle_admin(user_id: str) -> SimpleStatus:
    )


+@users_router.put(
+    "/user/{user_id}/activate",
+    name="Activate or deactivate a user",
+)
+async def api_users_toggle_activated(
+    user_id: str, admin_account: Account = Depends(check_admin)
+) -> SimpleStatus:
+    if user_id == settings.super_user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="Cannot deactivate super user.",
+        )
+    if user_id == admin_account.id:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="You cannot deactivate yourself.",
+        )
+
+    if settings.is_admin_user(user_id):
+        settings.lnbits_admin_users.remove(user_id)
+
+    user_account = await get_account(user_id, active_only=False)
+    if not user_account:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=HTTPStatus.NOT_FOUND,
+            detail="User not found.",
+        )
+    user_account.activated = not user_account.activated
+    await update_account(user_account)
+    await clear_user_id_cache(user_id)
+
+    return SimpleStatus(
+        success=True,
+        message=f"User {'activated' if user_account.activated else 'deactivated'}.",
+    )
+
+
@users_router.get("/user/{user_id}/wallet", name="Get wallets for user")
 async def api_users_get_user_wallet(user_id: str) -> list[Wallet]:
    return await get_wallets(user_id, deleted=None)
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from fastapi import (
 )

 from lnbits.core.crud.wallets import (
+    clear_wallet_cache,
    create_wallet,
    get_wallets_paginated,
 )
@@ -37,7 +38,6 @@ from lnbits.decorators import (
    require_invoice_key,
 )
 from lnbits.helpers import generate_filter_params_openapi
-from lnbits.utils.cache import cache

 from ..crud import (
    delete_wallet,
@@ -134,9 +134,7 @@ async def api_reset_wallet_keys(
    if not wallet or wallet.user != account_id.id:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=HTTPStatus.NOT_FOUND, detail="Wallet not found")

-    cache.pop(f"auth:wallet:{wallet.id}")
-    cache.pop(f"auth:x-api-key:{wallet.adminkey}")
-    cache.pop(f"auth:x-api-key:{wallet.inkey}")
+    clear_wallet_cache(wallet)

    wallet.adminkey = uuid4().hex
    wallet.inkey = uuid4().hex
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+from .api.host import ExtensionHostAPI
+from .api.models import ExtensionAPIMethod, ExtensionAPIMethodExport
+from .api.registry import (
+    extension_api_contract,
+    extension_api_method,
+    extension_api_permission_ids,
+    get_extension_api_method,
+    list_extension_api_methods,
+)
+from .api.runtime import ExtensionAPIHost
+from .wasm.loader import WasmExtension
+
+__all__ = [
+    "ExtensionAPIHost",
+    "ExtensionAPIMethod",
+    "ExtensionAPIMethodExport",
+    "ExtensionHostAPI",
+    "WasmExtension",
+    "extension_api_contract",
+    "extension_api_method",
+    "extension_api_permission_ids",
+    "get_extension_api_method",
+    "list_extension_api_methods",
+]
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+from .host import ExtensionHostAPI
+from .models import ExtensionAPIMethod, ExtensionAPIMethodExport
+from .registry import (
+    extension_api_contract,
+    extension_api_method,
+    extension_api_permission_ids,
+    get_extension_api_method,
+    list_extension_api_methods,
+)
+from .runtime import ExtensionAPIHost
+
+__all__ = [
+    "ExtensionAPIHost",
+    "ExtensionAPIMethod",
+    "ExtensionAPIMethodExport",
+    "ExtensionHostAPI",
+    "extension_api_contract",
+    "extension_api_method",
+    "extension_api_permission_ids",
+    "get_extension_api_method",
+    "list_extension_api_methods",
+]
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any, NoReturn
+
+from bolt11 import decode as bolt11_decode
+from loguru import logger
+
+from lnbits.core.crud.extensions import get_user_extension
+from lnbits.core.crud.payments import check_internal
+from lnbits.core.crud.wallets import get_wallet
+from lnbits.core.models.extensions import (
+    ExtensionBackgroundPaymentDestinationPolicy,
+    ExtensionBackgroundPaymentGrant,
+)
+from lnbits.core.models.wallets import Wallet
+
+WALLET_PAY_INVOICE_BACKGROUND_PERMISSION = "wallet.pay_invoice_background"
+
+
+async def background_payment_extra(
+    *,
+    extension_id: str,
+    wallet: Wallet,
+    payment_request: str,
+    amount_msat: int,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    grant = await _background_payment_grant(extension_id, wallet, amount_msat)
+    await _check_destination_policy(extension_id, wallet, grant, payment_request)
+
+    return {
+        "tag": extension_id,
+        "extension": extension_id,
+        "background_payment": True,
+        "background_permission": WALLET_PAY_INVOICE_BACKGROUND_PERMISSION,
+        "background_wallet_id": wallet.source_wallet_id,
+        "background_destination_policy": grant.destination_policy.value,
+    }
+
+
+def invoice_amount_msat(payment_request: str) -> int:
+    invoice = bolt11_decode(payment_request)
+    amount_msat = int(invoice.amount_msat or 0)
+    if amount_msat <= 0:
+        raise PermissionError("Background payments require an invoice amount.")
+    return amount_msat
+
+
+async def _background_payment_grant(
+    extension_id: str,
+    wallet: Wallet,
+    amount_msat: int,
+) -> ExtensionBackgroundPaymentGrant:
+    if wallet.is_lightning_shared_wallet:
+        _deny(extension_id, wallet, amount_msat, "shared wallet")
+    if not wallet.can_send_payments:
+        _deny(extension_id, wallet, amount_msat, "wallet cannot send payments")
+
+    user_extension = await get_user_extension(wallet.user, extension_id)
+    if not user_extension or not user_extension.active:
+        _deny(extension_id, wallet, amount_msat, "extension disabled for user")
+
+    permissions = user_extension.permissions or {}
+    grants = permissions.get(WALLET_PAY_INVOICE_BACKGROUND_PERMISSION)
+    if not isinstance(grants, list):
+        _deny(extension_id, wallet, amount_msat, "missing background payment grant")
+
+    grant = _find_wallet_grant(grants, wallet.id)
+    if not grant:
+        _deny(extension_id, wallet, amount_msat, "missing wallet background grant")
+    if not grant.enabled:
+        _deny(extension_id, wallet, amount_msat, "background grant disabled")
+    if amount_msat > grant.max_amount * 1000:
+        _deny(extension_id, wallet, amount_msat, "payment exceeds max amount")
+    return grant
+
+
+def _find_wallet_grant(
+    grants: list[Any], wallet_id: str
+) -> ExtensionBackgroundPaymentGrant | None:
+    for grant_data in grants:
+        if not isinstance(grant_data, dict):
+            continue
+        try:
+            grant = ExtensionBackgroundPaymentGrant.parse_obj(grant_data)
+        except ValueError:
+            continue
+        if grant.wallet_id == wallet_id:
+            return grant
+    return None
+
+
+async def _check_destination_policy(
+    extension_id: str,
+    wallet: Wallet,
+    grant: ExtensionBackgroundPaymentGrant,
+    payment_request: str,
+) -> None:
+    if (
+        grant.destination_policy
+        == ExtensionBackgroundPaymentDestinationPolicy.EXTERNAL_ALLOWED
+    ):
+        return
+
+    payment_hash = bolt11_decode(payment_request).payment_hash
+    internal_payment = await check_internal(payment_hash)
+    if not internal_payment:
+        _deny(extension_id, wallet, 0, "external destination not allowed")
+
+    destination_wallet = await get_wallet(internal_payment.wallet_id)
+    if not destination_wallet or destination_wallet.user != wallet.user:
+        _deny(extension_id, wallet, 0, "destination wallet is not owned by user")
+
+
+def _deny(extension_id: str, wallet: Wallet, amount_msat: int, reason: str) -> NoReturn:
+    logger.warning(
+        "WASM extension '{}' denied background payment from wallet '{}', "
+        "user '{}', amount_msat '{}': {}.",
+        extension_id,
+        wallet.id,
+        wallet.user,
+        amount_msat,
+        reason,
+    )
+    raise PermissionError(reason)
@@ -0,0 +1,718 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import logging
+import secrets
+import time
+from collections.abc import Iterable, Mapping
+from typing import Any
+
+from lnbits.helpers import sha256s
+
+from ..client.extensions import send_extension_api_request
+from ..storage.crud import (
+    storage_delete_row,
+    storage_get_paginated_rows,
+    storage_get_public_row,
+    storage_get_row,
+    storage_set_row,
+)
+from .background_payments import (
+    WALLET_PAY_INVOICE_BACKGROUND_PERMISSION,
+    background_payment_extra,
+    invoice_amount_msat,
+)
+from .models import (
+    CreateInvoicePublicRequest,
+    CreateInvoiceRequest,
+    CreateInvoiceResponse,
+    EmptyRequest,
+    ExtensionApiRequest,
+    HttpRequest,
+    HttpResponse,
+    ListUserWalletsResponse,
+    LogRequest,
+    LogResponse,
+    NowResponse,
+    PayInvoiceRequest,
+    PayInvoiceResponse,
+    PayLnurlRequest,
+    RandomIdRequest,
+    RandomIdResponse,
+    StorageDeleteRequest,
+    StorageDeleteResponse,
+    StorageGetRequest,
+    StorageGetResponse,
+    StoragePaginatedRequest,
+    StoragePaginatedResponse,
+    StorageSetRequest,
+    StorageSetResponse,
+    UserWalletSummary,
+    WalletBalanceRequest,
+    WalletBalanceResponse,
+)
+from .registry import extension_api_method
+
+logger = logging.getLogger("lnbits.extensions")
+
+
+class ExtensionHostAPI:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        extension_id: str,
+        permissions: Iterable[Any],
+        *,
+        user_id: str | None = None,
+        access_token: str | None = None,
+        context: str = "user",
+        owner_id: str | None = None,
+        invocation_id: str | None = None,
+        runtime_limits: dict[str, int] | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.extension_id = extension_id
+        self.permissions, self.permission_policies = self._permission_data(permissions)
+        self.user_id = user_id
+        self.access_token = access_token
+        self.context = context
+        self.owner_id = sha256s(user_id) if user_id else owner_id
+        self.invocation_id = invocation_id
+        self.runtime_limits = runtime_limits or {}
+        from .utils import ExtensionAPIUtils
+
+        self.utils = ExtensionAPIUtils(
+            self.extension_id,
+            self.permissions,
+            authenticated=self.has_authenticated_context(),
+        )
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="storage.get",
+        namespace="storage",
+        name="Get storage row",
+        host_name="storage_get",
+        sdk_name="get",
+        description="Read one row from an extension storage table.",
+        required_permission="ext.storage.read",
+        require_auth=True,
+    )
+    async def storage_get(self, request: StorageGetRequest) -> StorageGetResponse:
+        row = await storage_get_row(
+            self.extension_id,
+            request.table,
+            request.id,
+            self._require_owner_id(),
+        )
+        return StorageGetResponse(data_json=json.dumps(row) if row else None)
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="storage.get_public",
+        namespace="storage",
+        name="Get public storage row",
+        host_name="storage_get_public",
+        sdk_name="getPublic",
+        description="Read one public row from an extension storage table.",
+        required_permission="ext.storage.read_public",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def storage_get_public(
+        self, request: StorageGetRequest
+    ) -> StorageGetResponse:
+        public_fields = self._public_storage_fields(request.table)
+        row = await storage_get_public_row(self.extension_id, request.table, request.id)
+        if not row:
+            return StorageGetResponse()
+        public_row = {
+            field_name: value
+            for field_name, value in row.items()
+            if field_name in public_fields
+        }
+        # todo: check public fields filtering
+        return StorageGetResponse(data_json=json.dumps(public_row))
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="storage.set",
+        namespace="storage",
+        name="Set storage row",
+        host_name="storage_set",
+        sdk_name="set",
+        description="Create or update one row in an extension storage table.",
+        required_permission="ext.storage.write",
+        require_auth=True,
+    )
+    async def storage_set(self, request: StorageSetRequest) -> StorageSetResponse:
+        await storage_set_row(
+            self.extension_id,
+            request.table,
+            request.data,
+            self._require_owner_id(),
+        )
+        return StorageSetResponse()
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="storage.get_paginated",
+        namespace="storage",
+        name="Get paginated storage rows",
+        host_name="storage_get_paginated",
+        sdk_name="getPaginated",
+        description="Get filtered, searched, sorted, paginated storage rows.",
+        required_permission="ext.storage.read",
+        require_auth=True,
+    )
+    async def storage_get_paginated(
+        self, request: StoragePaginatedRequest
+    ) -> StoragePaginatedResponse:
+        page = await storage_get_paginated_rows(
+            self.extension_id,
+            request.table,
+            request.filters,
+            owner_id=self._require_owner_id(),
+            search=request.search,
+            search_fields=request.search_fields,
+            sort_by=request.sort_by,
+            descending=request.descending,
+            limit=request.limit,
+            offset=request.offset,
+        )
+        return StoragePaginatedResponse(
+            rows_json=json.dumps(page["data"]),
+            total=page["total"],
+        )
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="storage.delete",
+        namespace="storage",
+        name="Delete storage row",
+        host_name="storage_delete",
+        sdk_name="delete",
+        description="Delete one row from an extension storage table.",
+        required_permission="ext.storage.write",
+        require_auth=True,
+    )
+    async def storage_delete(
+        self, request: StorageDeleteRequest
+    ) -> StorageDeleteResponse:
+        await storage_delete_row(
+            self.extension_id,
+            request.table,
+            request.id,
+            self._require_owner_id(),
+        )
+        return StorageDeleteResponse()
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="wallet.create_invoice",
+        namespace="wallet",
+        name="Create invoice",
+        host_name="create_invoice",
+        sdk_name="createInvoice",
+        description="Create an incoming Lightning invoice for an allowed wallet.",
+        required_permission="wallet.create_invoice",
+        require_auth=True,
+    )
+    async def wallet_create_invoice(
+        self, request: CreateInvoiceRequest
+    ) -> CreateInvoiceResponse:
+        from lnbits.core.crud.wallets import get_wallet
+        from lnbits.core.models.payments import CreateInvoice
+        from lnbits.core.services.payments import create_payment_request
+
+        if not self.user_id:
+            raise PermissionError(
+                "Creating an invoice for this wallet requires an "
+                "authenticated user context."
+            )
+        wallet = await get_wallet(request.wallet_id)
+        if wallet is None or wallet.user != self.user_id:
+            raise PermissionError("Not your wallet.")
+
+        payment = await create_payment_request(
+            request.wallet_id,
+            CreateInvoice(
+                amount=request.amount,
+                unit=request.currency,
+                memo=request.memo,
+                extra=request.extra,
+                extension=self.extension_id,
+            ),
+        )
+        return CreateInvoiceResponse(
+            payment_hash=payment.payment_hash,
+            payment_request=payment.payment_request or payment.bolt11,
+            checking_id=payment.checking_id,
+        )
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="wallet.create_invoice_public",
+        namespace="wallet",
+        name="Create public invoice",
+        host_name="create_invoice_public",
+        sdk_name="createInvoicePublic",
+        description="Create a public incoming Lightning invoice.",
+        required_permission="wallet.create_invoice_public",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def wallet_create_invoice_public(
+        self, request: CreateInvoicePublicRequest
+    ) -> CreateInvoiceResponse:
+        from lnbits.core.models.payments import CreateInvoice
+        from lnbits.core.services.payments import create_payment_request
+
+        row: dict[str, Any] | None = None
+        wallet_field = ""
+        for policy in self._public_invoice_wallet_sources():
+            row = await storage_get_public_row(
+                self.extension_id,
+                policy["table"],
+                request.source_id,
+            )
+            if row:
+                wallet_field = policy["wallet_field"]
+                break
+
+        if not row:
+            raise PermissionError("Public invoice source was not found.")
+
+        wallet_id = row.get(wallet_field)
+        if not isinstance(wallet_id, str) or not wallet_id:
+            raise PermissionError("Public invoice source has no valid wallet.")
+
+        payment = await create_payment_request(
+            wallet_id,
+            CreateInvoice(
+                amount=request.amount,
+                unit=request.currency,
+                memo=request.memo,
+                extra={
+                    "tag": self.extension_id,
+                    "source_id": request.source_id,
+                    f"extra_{self.extension_id}": request.extra,
+                },
+                extension=self.extension_id,
+            ),
+        )
+        return CreateInvoiceResponse(
+            payment_hash=payment.payment_hash,
+            payment_request=payment.payment_request or payment.bolt11,
+            checking_id=payment.checking_id,
+        )
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="wallet.list_user_wallets",
+        namespace="wallet",
+        name="List user wallets",
+        host_name="list_user_wallets",
+        sdk_name="listUserWallets",
+        description="List wallets available to the authenticated extension user.",
+        required_permission="wallet.list",
+    )
+    async def wallet_list_user_wallets(
+        self, request: EmptyRequest
+    ) -> ListUserWalletsResponse:
+        if not self.user_id:
+            raise PermissionError(
+                "Listing user wallets requires an authenticated user context."
+            )
+
+        from lnbits.core.crud.wallets import get_wallets
+
+        user_wallets = await get_wallets(self.user_id)
+        if user_wallets is None:
+            raise PermissionError(
+                "Listing user wallets requires an authenticated user context."
+            )
+        return ListUserWalletsResponse(
+            wallets=[
+                UserWalletSummary(id=w.id, name=w.name, currency=w.currency)
+                for w in user_wallets
+            ]
+        )
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="wallet.balance",
+        namespace="wallet",
+        name="Read wallet balance",
+        host_name="wallet_balance",
+        sdk_name="balance",
+        description="Read the balance of a wallet available to the user.",
+        required_permission="wallet.balance.read",
+    )
+    async def wallet_balance(
+        self, request: WalletBalanceRequest
+    ) -> WalletBalanceResponse:
+        from lnbits.core.crud.wallets import get_wallet
+
+        if not self.user_id:
+            raise PermissionError(
+                "Reading a wallet balance requires an authenticated user context."
+            )
+
+        wallet = await get_wallet(request.wallet_id)
+        if wallet is None or wallet.user != self.user_id:
+            raise PermissionError("Reading this wallet balance is not allowed.")
+
+        withdrawable_msat = max(wallet.withdrawable_balance, 0)
+        fee_reserve_msat = max(wallet.balance_msat - withdrawable_msat, 0)
+        return WalletBalanceResponse(
+            wallet_id=wallet.id,
+            name=wallet.name,
+            currency=wallet.currency,
+            balance_msat=wallet.balance_msat,
+            balance_sat=wallet.balance,
+            withdrawable_msat=withdrawable_msat,
+            withdrawable_sat=withdrawable_msat // 1000,
+            fee_reserve_msat=fee_reserve_msat,
+            fee_reserve_sat=fee_reserve_msat // 1000,
+            can_send_payments=wallet.can_send_payments,
+        )
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="wallet.pay_invoice",
+        namespace="wallet",
+        name="Pay invoice",
+        host_name="pay_invoice",
+        sdk_name="payInvoice",
+        description="Pay a Lightning invoice from a wallet available to the user.",
+    )
+    async def wallet_pay_invoice(
+        self, request: PayInvoiceRequest
+    ) -> PayInvoiceResponse:
+        from lnbits.core.crud.wallets import get_wallet
+        from lnbits.core.services.payments import pay_invoice
+        from lnbits.exceptions import PaymentError
+
+        wallet = await get_wallet(request.wallet_id)
+        if wallet is None:
+            raise PermissionError("Paying invoices from this wallet is not allowed.")
+
+        try:
+            if self.user_id:
+                self.require_permission("wallet.pay_invoice")
+                if wallet.user != self.user_id:
+                    raise PermissionError(
+                        "Paying invoices from this wallet is not allowed."
+                    )
+                payment = await pay_invoice(
+                    wallet_id=request.wallet_id,
+                    payment_request=request.payment_request,
+                    max_sat=request.max_sat,
+                    extra={"tag": self.extension_id, **request.extra},
+                    description=request.description,
+                    tag=self.extension_id,
+                )
+            else:
+                self.require_permission(WALLET_PAY_INVOICE_BACKGROUND_PERMISSION)
+                amount_msat = invoice_amount_msat(request.payment_request)
+                extra = await background_payment_extra(
+                    extension_id=self.extension_id,
+                    wallet=wallet,
+                    payment_request=request.payment_request,
+                    amount_msat=amount_msat,
+                )
+                payment = await pay_invoice(
+                    wallet_id=request.wallet_id,
+                    payment_request=request.payment_request,
+                    max_sat=request.max_sat,
+                    extra={**request.extra, **extra},
+                    description=request.description,
+                    tag=self.extension_id,
+                )
+        except (PaymentError, PermissionError, ValueError) as exc:
+            return PayInvoiceResponse(ok=False, error=str(exc))
+
+        return _pay_invoice_response(payment)
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="wallet.pay_lnurl",
+        namespace="wallet",
+        name="Pay LNURL",
+        host_name="pay_lnurl",
+        sdk_name="payLnurl",
+        description="Pay a Lightning Address or LNURL-pay request from a wallet.",
+    )
+    async def wallet_pay_lnurl(self, request: PayLnurlRequest) -> PayInvoiceResponse:
+        from lnurl import LnAddressError, LnurlResponseException
+
+        from lnbits.core.crud.wallets import get_wallet
+        from lnbits.core.models.lnurl import CreateLnurlPayment
+        from lnbits.core.services.lnurl import fetch_lnurl_pay_request
+        from lnbits.core.services.payments import pay_invoice
+        from lnbits.exceptions import PaymentError
+
+        from .lnurl import (
+            lnurl_for_core,
+            lnurl_pay_response_text,
+            lnurl_payment_amount_for_core,
+            lnurl_payment_unit_for_core,
+        )
+
+        wallet = await get_wallet(request.wallet_id)
+        if wallet is None:
+            raise PermissionError("Paying from this wallet is not allowed.")
+
+        try:
+            if self.user_id:
+                self.require_permission("wallet.pay_invoice")
+                if wallet.user != self.user_id:
+                    raise PermissionError("Paying from this wallet is not allowed.")
+            else:
+                self.require_permission(WALLET_PAY_INVOICE_BACKGROUND_PERMISSION)
+
+            unit = lnurl_payment_unit_for_core(request.currency)
+            res, action = await fetch_lnurl_pay_request(
+                data=CreateLnurlPayment(
+                    lnurl=lnurl_for_core(request.lnurl),
+                    amount=lnurl_payment_amount_for_core(request.amount),
+                    unit=unit,
+                    comment=request.comment,
+                    internal_memo=request.description or None,
+                ),
+                wallet=None,
+            )
+            extra = {"tag": self.extension_id, **request.extra}
+            if action.successAction:
+                extra["success_action"] = action.successAction.json()
+            if request.comment:
+                extra["comment"] = request.comment
+            if unit != "sat":
+                extra["fiat_currency"] = unit
+                extra["fiat_amount"] = str(request.amount)
+
+            if not self.user_id:
+                amount_msat = invoice_amount_msat(str(action.pr))
+                extra = {
+                    **extra,
+                    **(
+                        await background_payment_extra(
+                            extension_id=self.extension_id,
+                            wallet=wallet,
+                            payment_request=str(action.pr),
+                            amount_msat=amount_msat,
+                        )
+                    ),
+                }
+
+            payment = await pay_invoice(
+                wallet_id=request.wallet_id,
+                payment_request=str(action.pr),
+                max_sat=request.max_sat,
+                extra=extra,
+                description=request.description or lnurl_pay_response_text(res),
+                tag=self.extension_id,
+            )
+        except (
+            LnAddressError,
+            LnurlResponseException,
+            PaymentError,
+            PermissionError,
+            ValueError,
+        ) as exc:
+            return PayInvoiceResponse(ok=False, error=str(exc))
+
+        return _pay_invoice_response(payment)
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="http.request",
+        namespace="http",
+        name="HTTP request",
+        host_name="http_request",
+        sdk_name="request",
+        description="Make an outbound HTTP request to an allowed host.",
+        required_permission="http.request",
+        require_auth=True,
+    )
+    async def http_request(self, request: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse:
+        from ..client.http import send_extension_http_request
+
+        policies = self.permission_policies.get("http.request") or []
+        return await send_extension_http_request(
+            self.extension_id,
+            policies,
+            request,
+            timeout_ms=self.runtime_limits.get("wasm_runtime_http_timeout_ms"),
+            max_response_bytes=self.runtime_limits.get(
+                "wasm_runtime_max_http_response_bytes"
+            ),
+        )
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="extension.api.request",
+        namespace="extension",
+        name="Extension API request",
+        host_name="extension_api_request",
+        sdk_name="request",
+        description="Call an allowed installed extension API.",
+        required_permission="extension.api.request",
+        require_auth=True,
+    )
+    async def extension_api_request(self, request: ExtensionApiRequest) -> HttpResponse:
+
+        policies = self.permission_policies.get("extension.api.request") or []
+        return await send_extension_api_request(
+            self.extension_id,
+            policies,
+            self.user_id,
+            self.access_token,
+            request,
+            timeout_ms=self.runtime_limits.get("wasm_runtime_http_timeout_ms"),
+            max_response_bytes=self.runtime_limits.get(
+                "wasm_runtime_max_http_response_bytes"
+            ),
+        )
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="system.random_id",
+        namespace="system",
+        name="Random ID",
+        host_name="random_id",
+        sdk_name="id",
+        description="Create a random extension-local identifier.",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def system_random_id(self, request: RandomIdRequest) -> RandomIdResponse:
+        return RandomIdResponse(
+            id=f"{request.prefix}_{secrets.token_urlsafe(12).replace('-', '_')}"
+        )
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="system.now",
+        namespace="system",
+        name="Current timestamp",
+        host_name="now",
+        sdk_name="now",
+        description="Return the current Unix timestamp.",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def system_now(self, request: EmptyRequest) -> NowResponse:
+        return NowResponse(timestamp=int(time.time()))
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="system.log",
+        namespace="system",
+        name="Log message",
+        host_name="log",
+        sdk_name="log",
+        description="Write a bounded message to the extension log.",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def system_log(self, request: LogRequest) -> LogResponse:
+        log = getattr(logger, request.level)
+        log("extension:%s %s", self.extension_id, request.message)
+        return LogResponse()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _permission_data(
+        permissions: Iterable[Any],
+    ) -> tuple[set[str], dict[str, list[Any]]]:
+        permission_ids: set[str] = set()
+        policies: dict[str, list[Any]] = {}
+
+        for permission in permissions:
+            if isinstance(permission, str):
+                permission_ids.add(permission)
+                continue
+
+            permission_id: str | None = None
+            permission_policies: Any = None
+            if isinstance(permission, Mapping):
+                permission_id = permission.get("id")  # type: ignore[assignment]
+                permission_policies = permission.get("policies")
+            else:
+                permission_id = getattr(permission, "id", None)
+                permission_policies = getattr(permission, "policies", None)
+
+            if not permission_id:
+                continue
+            permission_ids.add(permission_id)
+            if isinstance(permission_policies, list):
+                policies[permission_id] = permission_policies
+
+        return permission_ids, policies
+
+    def _public_storage_fields(self, table: str) -> set[str]:
+        tables = self.permission_policies.get("ext.storage.read_public")
+        if not isinstance(tables, list) or not tables:
+            raise PermissionError(
+                "Public storage reads require policies for "
+                "'ext.storage.read_public'."
+            )
+
+        for table_policy in tables:
+            if not isinstance(table_policy, dict):
+                continue
+            if table_policy.get("table_name") != table:
+                continue
+            public_fields = table_policy.get("public_fields")
+            if not isinstance(public_fields, list) or not all(
+                isinstance(field, str) and field for field in public_fields
+            ):
+                raise PermissionError(
+                    f"Public storage table '{table}' has no valid public fields."
+                )
+            return set(public_fields)
+
+        raise PermissionError(f"Storage table '{table}' is not publicly readable.")
+
+    def _public_invoice_wallet_sources(self) -> list[dict[str, str]]:
+        policies = self.permission_policies.get("wallet.create_invoice_public")
+        if not isinstance(policies, list) or not policies:
+            raise PermissionError("Public invoice creation requires a policies list.")
+
+        sources: list[dict[str, str]] = []
+        for source_policy in policies:
+            if not isinstance(source_policy, dict):
+                raise PermissionError(
+                    "Public invoice creation policies must be objects."
+                )
+            table = source_policy.get("table")
+            wallet_field = source_policy.get("wallet_field")
+            if not isinstance(table, str) or not table:
+                raise PermissionError(
+                    "Public invoice creation requires a storage table policy."
+                )
+            if not isinstance(wallet_field, str) or not wallet_field:
+                raise PermissionError(
+                    "Public invoice creation requires a wallet field policy."
+                )
+            sources.append({"table": table, "wallet_field": wallet_field})
+
+        if not sources:
+            raise PermissionError(
+                "Public invoice creation requires at least one valid policy."
+            )
+        return sources
+
+    def require_permission(self, permission: str | None) -> None:
+        if permission and permission not in self.permissions:
+            raise PermissionError(
+                f"Extension '{self.extension_id}' is missing permission '{permission}'."
+            )
+
+    def has_authenticated_context(self) -> bool:
+        return bool(self.user_id) or self.context == "event"
+
+    def _require_owner_id(self) -> str:
+        if not self.owner_id:
+            raise PermissionError("Extension API method requires an owner context.")
+        return self.owner_id
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            "ExtensionHostAPI("
+            f"extension_id={self.extension_id!r}, "
+            f"context={self.context!r}, "
+            f"owner_id={self.owner_id!r}"
+            ")"
+        )
+
+
+def _pay_invoice_response(payment: Any) -> PayInvoiceResponse:
+    return PayInvoiceResponse(
+        ok=True,
+        checking_id=payment.checking_id,
+        payment_hash=payment.payment_hash,
+        status=payment.status,
+        amount_msat=abs(payment.amount),
+        fee_msat=abs(payment.fee),
+        pending=payment.pending,
+        success=payment.success,
+    )
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+from typing import Any
+
+from lnurl import LnAddress, Lnurl
+
+
+def normalize_lnurl(value: str) -> str:
+    normalized = value.strip()
+    if normalized.lower().startswith("lightning:"):
+        normalized = normalized[len("lightning:") :]
+    if "@" in normalized:
+        normalized = normalized.lower()
+    if not normalized:
+        raise ValueError("LNURL is required.")
+    return normalized
+
+
+def lnurl_for_core(value: str) -> Lnurl | LnAddress:
+    normalized = normalize_lnurl(value)
+    if "@" in normalized:
+        return LnAddress(normalized)
+    return Lnurl(normalized)
+
+
+def lnurl_payment_amount_for_core(amount: float) -> int:
+    if amount <= 0:
+        raise ValueError("Amount must be greater than zero.")
+    return round(amount * 1000)
+
+
+def lnurl_payment_unit_for_core(currency: str) -> str:
+    unit = currency.strip().lower()
+    if not unit:
+        raise ValueError("Currency is required.")
+    if unit in {"sat", "sats"}:
+        return "sat"
+    return unit.upper()
+
+
+def lnurl_pay_response_metadata_json(response: Any) -> str:
+    metadata = getattr(response, "metadata", None)
+    if metadata is None:
+        return "[]"
+
+    metadata_list = getattr(metadata, "list", None)
+    try:
+        if callable(metadata_list):
+            return json.dumps(metadata_list())
+        return json.dumps(metadata)
+    except TypeError:
+        return json.dumps(str(metadata))
+
+
+def lnurl_pay_response_text(response: Any) -> str:
+    description = getattr(response, "description", None)
+    if description is not None:
+        return str(description)
+
+    metadata = getattr(response, "metadata", None)
+    text = getattr(metadata, "text", None)
+    return str(text) if text is not None else ""
+
+
+def lnurl_pay_response_int(response: Any, snake_name: str, camel_name: str) -> int:
+    value = getattr(response, snake_name, None)
+    if value is None:
+        value = getattr(response, camel_name, 0)
+    return int(value or 0)
@@ -0,0 +1,387 @@
+import json
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any, Literal
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, root_validator
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ExtensionAPIMethodExport:
+    method_id: str
+    namespace: str
+    name: str
+    host_interface: str
+    host_name: str
+    sdk_name: str
+    description: str
+    required_permission: str | None = None
+    require_auth: bool = True
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ExtensionAPIMethod:
+    method_id: str
+    namespace: str
+    name: str
+    python_name: str
+    host_interface: str
+    host_name: str
+    sdk_name: str
+    description: str
+    request_model: type[BaseModel]
+    response_model: type[BaseModel]
+    required_permission: str | None = None
+    require_auth: bool = True
+
+    @property
+    def sdk_qualified_name(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.namespace}.{self.sdk_name}"
+
+
+class EmptyRequest(BaseModel):
+    pass
+
+
+class StorageGetRequest(BaseModel):
+    table: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=128)
+    id: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=512)
+
+
+class StorageGetResponse(BaseModel):
+    data_json: str | None = None
+
+
+class StorageSetRequest(BaseModel):
+    table: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=128)
+    data: dict[str, Any] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+    @root_validator(pre=True)
+    def parse_data_json(cls, values: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        data_json = values.get("data_json")
+        if data_json is not None and "data" not in values:
+            values["data"] = json.loads(data_json)
+        return values
+
+
+class StorageSetResponse(BaseModel):
+    ok: bool = True
+
+
+class StoragePaginatedRequest(BaseModel):
+    table: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=128)
+    filters: dict[str, Any] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+    search: str | None = Field(None, max_length=256)
+    search_fields: list[str] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    sort_by: str | None = Field(None, min_length=1, max_length=128)
+    descending: bool = False
+    limit: int = Field(25, ge=1, le=1000)
+    offset: int = Field(0, ge=0)
+
+    @root_validator(pre=True)
+    def parse_json_fields(cls, values: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        filters_json = values.get("filters_json")
+        if filters_json is not None and "filters" not in values:
+            values["filters"] = json.loads(filters_json)
+
+        search_fields_json = values.get("search_fields_json")
+        if search_fields_json is not None and "search_fields" not in values:
+            values["search_fields"] = json.loads(search_fields_json)
+
+        if values.get("sort_by") == "":
+            values["sort_by"] = None
+        return values
+
+
+class StoragePaginatedResponse(BaseModel):
+    rows_json: str = "[]"
+    total: int = 0
+
+
+class StorageDeleteRequest(BaseModel):
+    table: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=128)
+    id: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=512)
+
+
+class StorageDeleteResponse(BaseModel):
+    ok: bool = True
+
+
+class CreateInvoiceRequest(BaseModel):
+    wallet_id: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=128)
+    amount: float = Field(..., gt=0)
+    currency: str = Field("sat", min_length=1, max_length=8)
+    memo: str = Field(..., max_length=512)
+    tag: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=64)
+    extra: dict[str, str] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+class CreateInvoicePublicRequest(BaseModel):
+    source_id: str = Field(
+        ...,
+        min_length=1,
+        max_length=512,
+        description="The source ID (entry id) of the wallet to create the invoice for.",
+    )
+    amount: float = Field(..., gt=0)
+    currency: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=8)
+    memo: str = Field("", max_length=512)
+    extra: dict[str, Any] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+    @root_validator
+    def validate_extra_size(cls, values: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        extra = values.get("extra") or {}
+        try:
+            encoded = json.dumps(extra, separators=(",", ":"))
+        except TypeError as exc:
+            raise ValueError("extra must be JSON serializable.") from exc
+        if len(encoded.encode()) > 4096:
+            raise ValueError("extra must not exceed 4096 bytes.")
+        values["extra"] = extra
+        return values
+
+
+class CreateInvoiceResponse(BaseModel):
+    payment_hash: str
+    payment_request: str
+    checking_id: str
+
+
+class UserWalletSummary(BaseModel):
+    id: str
+    name: str
+    currency: str | None = None
+
+
+class ListUserWalletsResponse(BaseModel):
+    wallets: list[UserWalletSummary] = Field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+class WalletBalanceRequest(BaseModel):
+    wallet_id: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=128)
+
+
+class WalletBalanceResponse(BaseModel):
+    wallet_id: str
+    name: str
+    currency: str | None = None
+    balance_msat: int
+    balance_sat: int
+    withdrawable_msat: int
+    withdrawable_sat: int
+    fee_reserve_msat: int
+    fee_reserve_sat: int
+    can_send_payments: bool
+
+
+class PayInvoiceRequest(BaseModel):
+    wallet_id: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=128)
+    payment_request: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=8192)
+    max_sat: int | None = Field(None, gt=0)
+    description: str = Field("", max_length=512)
+    extra: dict[str, str] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+class PayLnurlRequest(BaseModel):
+    wallet_id: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=128)
+    lnurl: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=2048)
+    amount: float = Field(..., gt=0)
+    currency: str = Field("sat", min_length=1, max_length=8)
+    comment: str | None = Field(None, max_length=512)
+    description: str = Field("", max_length=512)
+    max_sat: int | None = Field(None, gt=0)
+    extra: dict[str, str] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+class PayInvoiceResponse(BaseModel):
+    ok: bool = True
+    error: str | None = None
+    checking_id: str | None = None
+    payment_hash: str | None = None
+    status: str | None = None
+    amount_msat: int = 0
+    fee_msat: int = 0
+    pending: bool = False
+    success: bool = False
+
+
+class HttpRequest(BaseModel):
+    method: Literal["DELETE", "GET", "HEAD", "PATCH", "POST", "PUT"] = "GET"
+    url: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=2048)
+    headers: dict[str, str] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+    body: str | None = Field(None, max_length=65536)
+
+    @root_validator(pre=True)
+    def normalize_method(cls, values: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        method = values.get("method")
+        if isinstance(method, str):
+            values["method"] = method.upper()
+        return values
+
+    @root_validator
+    def validate_headers_size(cls, values: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        headers = values.get("headers") or {}
+        if len(headers) > 32:
+            raise ValueError("headers must not contain more than 32 entries.")
+        for key, value in headers.items():
+            if len(key) > 128 or len(value) > 4096:
+                raise ValueError("headers are too large.")
+        values["headers"] = headers
+        return values
+
+
+class HttpResponse(BaseModel):
+    status_code: int
+    headers: dict[str, str] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+    body: str = ""
+
+
+class ExtensionApiRequest(BaseModel):
+    extension_id: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=128)
+    method: Literal["DELETE", "GET", "HEAD", "PATCH", "POST", "PUT"] = "GET"
+    path: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=2048)
+    body: str | None = Field(None, max_length=65536)
+
+    @root_validator(pre=True)
+    def normalize_method(cls, values: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        method = values.get("method")
+        if isinstance(method, str):
+            values["method"] = method.upper()
+        return values
+
+
+class CurrencyListResponse(BaseModel):
+    currencies: list[str] = Field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+class CurrencyRateRequest(BaseModel):
+    currency: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=8)
+
+
+class CurrencyRateResponse(BaseModel):
+    rate: float
+    price: float
+
+
+class CurrencyConvertRequest(BaseModel):
+    amount: float = Field(..., gt=0)
+    from_currency: str = Field(..., alias="from", min_length=1, max_length=8)
+    to: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=256)
+
+    class Config:
+        allow_population_by_field_name = True
+
+
+class CurrencyConvertResponse(BaseModel):
+    amounts: list[tuple[str, float]] = Field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+class FiatToSatsRequest(BaseModel):
+    amount: float = Field(..., gt=0)
+    currency: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=8)
+
+
+class FiatToSatsResponse(BaseModel):
+    amount_sat: int
+
+
+class SatsToFiatRequest(BaseModel):
+    amount: float = Field(..., gt=0)
+    currency: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=8)
+
+
+class SatsToFiatResponse(BaseModel):
+    amount: float
+
+
+class LnurlResolveRequest(BaseModel):
+    lnurl: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=2048)
+
+
+class LnurlResolveResponse(BaseModel):
+    lnurl: str
+    domain: str | None = None
+    description: str = ""
+    min_sendable_msat: int
+    max_sendable_msat: int
+    comment_allowed: int = 0
+    fixed: bool = False
+    image: str | None = None
+    metadata_json: str = "[]"
+
+
+class ServerHealthResponse(BaseModel):
+    server_time: int
+    up_time: str
+
+
+class Bolt11Request(BaseModel):
+    bolt11: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=8192)
+
+
+class DecodeInvoiceResponse(BaseModel):
+    valid: bool = True
+    payment_hash: str | None = None
+    amount_msat: int | None = None
+    expiry: int | None = None
+    expires_at: int | None = None
+    memo: str | None = None
+
+
+class ValidateInvoiceResponse(BaseModel):
+    valid: bool
+    error: str | None = None
+
+
+class InvoicePaymentHashResponse(BaseModel):
+    payment_hash: str
+
+
+class InvoiceAmountMsatResponse(BaseModel):
+    amount_msat: int | None = None
+
+
+class InvoiceExpiryResponse(BaseModel):
+    expires_at: int | None = None
+
+
+class InvoiceMemoResponse(BaseModel):
+    memo: str | None = None
+
+
+class VerifyPreimageRequest(BaseModel):
+    preimage: str = Field(..., min_length=64, max_length=64)
+    payment_hash: str = Field(..., min_length=64, max_length=64)
+
+
+class VerifyPreimageResponse(BaseModel):
+    valid: bool
+
+
+class RandomSecretAndHashRequest(BaseModel):
+    length: int = Field(32, ge=16, le=64)
+
+
+class RandomSecretAndHashResponse(BaseModel):
+    secret: str
+    hash: str
+
+
+class RandomIdRequest(BaseModel):
+    prefix: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=32)
+
+
+class RandomIdResponse(BaseModel):
+    id: str
+
+
+class NowResponse(BaseModel):
+    timestamp: int
+
+
+class LogRequest(BaseModel):
+    level: Literal["debug", "info", "warning", "error"] = "info"
+    message: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=2048)
+
+
+class LogResponse(BaseModel):
+    ok: bool = True
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from typing import Any
+
+from lnbits.core.models.extensions import ExtensionPermission, InstallableExtension
+from lnbits.core.wasm_ext.api.registry import extension_api_permission_ids
+from lnbits.core.wasm_ext.client.http import _request_origin
+from lnbits.core.wasm_ext.wasm.config import (
+    WasmExtensionConfig,
+    parse_wasm_extension_config,
+)
+
+_POLICY_AWARE_PERMISSION_IDS = {
+    "ext.storage.read_public",
+    "extension.api.request",
+    "http.request",
+    "wallet.create_invoice_public",
+}
+
+
+def validate_extension_permissions(
+    ext_id: str,
+    permissions: Iterable[ExtensionPermission],
+    *,
+    strict: bool = True,
+) -> list[ExtensionPermission]:
+    known_permission_ids = extension_api_permission_ids()
+    normalized_permissions: list[ExtensionPermission] = []
+    unknown_ids: list[str] = []
+
+    for permission in permissions:
+        if permission.id not in known_permission_ids:
+            unknown_ids.append(permission.id)
+            if strict:
+                continue
+        normalized_permissions.append(permission.copy())
+
+    if unknown_ids and strict:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Extension '{ext_id}' requests unknown permissions: "
+            + ", ".join(sorted(set(unknown_ids)))
+        )
+
+    return normalized_permissions
+
+
+def validate_wasm_extension_permissions(
+    ext_info: InstallableExtension,
+    granted_permissions: list[ExtensionPermission] | None,
+    extension_config: dict[str, Any] | WasmExtensionConfig,
+) -> list[ExtensionPermission]:
+    if isinstance(extension_config, WasmExtensionConfig):
+        config = extension_config
+    elif extension_config.get("extension_type") != "wasm":
+        return []
+    else:
+        config = parse_wasm_extension_config(ext_info.id, extension_config)
+
+    requested_permissions = validate_extension_permissions(
+        ext_info.id, config.permissions
+    )
+    if not requested_permissions:
+        return []
+
+    if granted_permissions is None:
+        raise ValueError(f"Extension '{ext_info.id}' requires permission approval.")
+
+    granted_permissions = validate_extension_permissions(
+        ext_info.id,
+        granted_permissions,
+    )
+    requested_by_id = _permission_index(ext_info.id, requested_permissions, "requested")
+    granted_by_id = _permission_index(ext_info.id, granted_permissions, "granted")
+
+    extra_granted_ids = sorted(set(granted_by_id) - set(requested_by_id))
+    if extra_granted_ids:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Extension '{ext_info.id}' was granted unrequested permissions: "
+            + ", ".join(extra_granted_ids)
+        )
+
+    effective_permissions: list[ExtensionPermission] = []
+    for permission_id, granted_permission in granted_by_id.items():
+        requested_permission = requested_by_id[permission_id]
+        if not _permission_grant_is_subset(requested_permission, granted_permission):
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Extension '{ext_info.id}' was granted broader policies for "
+                f"permission '{permission_id}'."
+            )
+        effective_permissions.append(
+            requested_permission.copy(update={"policies": granted_permission.policies})
+        )
+
+    return effective_permissions
+
+
+def _permission_index(
+    ext_id: str,
+    permissions: Iterable[ExtensionPermission],
+    source: str,
+) -> dict[str, ExtensionPermission]:
+    indexed: dict[str, ExtensionPermission] = {}
+    duplicate_ids: list[str] = []
+
+    for permission in permissions:
+        if permission.id in indexed:
+            duplicate_ids.append(permission.id)
+            continue
+        indexed[permission.id] = permission
+
+    if duplicate_ids:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Extension '{ext_id}' has duplicate {source} permissions: "
+            + ", ".join(sorted(set(duplicate_ids)))
+        )
+    return indexed
+
+
+def _permission_grant_is_subset(
+    requested: ExtensionPermission,
+    granted: ExtensionPermission,
+) -> bool:
+    if requested.id != granted.id:
+        return False
+    if requested.id not in _POLICY_AWARE_PERMISSION_IDS:
+        return True
+    if requested.id == "http.request":
+        return _http_request_grant_is_subset(requested.policies, granted.policies)
+    if requested.id == "extension.api.request":
+        return _extension_api_grant_is_subset(requested.policies, granted.policies)
+    if requested.id == "ext.storage.read_public":
+        return _public_storage_grant_is_subset(requested.policies, granted.policies)
+    if requested.id == "wallet.create_invoice_public":
+        return _public_invoice_grant_is_subset(requested.policies, granted.policies)
+    return False
+
+
+def _policy_list(policies: list[Any] | None) -> list[Any]:
+    return policies if isinstance(policies, list) else []
+
+
+def _http_request_grant_is_subset(
+    requested_policies: list[Any] | None,
+    granted_policies: list[Any] | None,
+) -> bool:
+    return _http_origins(granted_policies).issubset(_http_origins(requested_policies))
+
+
+def _http_origins(policies: list[Any] | None) -> set[str]:
+    origins: set[str] = set()
+    for policy in _policy_list(policies):
+        host = policy.get("host") if isinstance(policy, dict) else policy
+        if not isinstance(host, str) or not host:
+            continue
+        try:
+            origins.add(_request_origin(host))
+        except PermissionError:
+            continue
+    return origins
+
+
+def _extension_api_grant_is_subset(
+    requested_policies: list[Any] | None,
+    granted_policies: list[Any] | None,
+) -> bool:
+    requested_targets = _extension_api_targets(requested_policies)
+    granted_targets = _extension_api_targets(granted_policies)
+    for extension_id, granted_access in granted_targets.items():
+        requested_access = requested_targets.get(extension_id)
+        if requested_access is None or not granted_access.issubset(requested_access):
+            return False
+    return True
+
+
+def _extension_api_targets(policies: list[Any] | None) -> dict[str, set[str]]:
+    targets: dict[str, set[str]] = {}
+    for policy in _policy_list(policies):
+        extension_id: str | None = None
+        access: list[Any] = []
+        if isinstance(policy, str):
+            extension_id = policy
+            access = ["read"]
+        elif isinstance(policy, dict):
+            raw_extension_id = policy.get("id")
+            raw_access = policy.get("access")
+            if isinstance(raw_extension_id, str) and isinstance(raw_access, list):
+                extension_id = raw_extension_id
+                access = raw_access
+        if not extension_id or extension_id in targets:
+            continue
+        clean_access = {
+            item
+            for item in access
+            if isinstance(item, str) and item in {"read", "write"}
+        }
+        if clean_access:
+            targets[extension_id] = clean_access
+    return targets
+
+
+def _public_storage_grant_is_subset(
+    requested_policies: list[Any] | None,
+    granted_policies: list[Any] | None,
+) -> bool:
+    requested_tables = _public_storage_tables(requested_policies)
+    granted_tables = _public_storage_tables(granted_policies)
+    for table_name, granted_fields in granted_tables.items():
+        requested_fields = requested_tables.get(table_name)
+        if requested_fields is None or not granted_fields.issubset(requested_fields):
+            return False
+    return True
+
+
+def _public_storage_tables(policies: list[Any] | None) -> dict[str, set[str]]:
+    tables: dict[str, set[str]] = {}
+    for policy in _policy_list(policies):
+        if not isinstance(policy, dict):
+            continue
+        table_name = policy.get("table_name")
+        public_fields = policy.get("public_fields")
+        if (
+            not isinstance(table_name, str)
+            or table_name in tables
+            or not isinstance(public_fields, list)
+        ):
+            continue
+        fields = {field for field in public_fields if isinstance(field, str) and field}
+        if fields:
+            tables[table_name] = fields
+    return tables
+
+
+def _public_invoice_grant_is_subset(
+    requested_policies: list[Any] | None,
+    granted_policies: list[Any] | None,
+) -> bool:
+    return _public_invoice_sources(granted_policies).issubset(
+        _public_invoice_sources(requested_policies)
+    )
+
+
+def _public_invoice_sources(policies: list[Any] | None) -> set[tuple[str, str]]:
+    sources: set[tuple[str, str]] = set()
+    for policy in _policy_list(policies):
+        if not isinstance(policy, dict):
+            continue
+        table = policy.get("table")
+        wallet_field = policy.get("wallet_field")
+        if isinstance(table, str) and table and isinstance(wallet_field, str):
+            sources.add((table, wallet_field))
+    return sources
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import inspect
+from collections.abc import Awaitable, Callable
+from functools import wraps
+from typing import Any, TypeVar, cast, get_type_hints
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+from .models import ExtensionAPIMethod, ExtensionAPIMethodExport
+
+_EXTENSION_API_METHOD_ATTR = "__lnbits_extension_api_method__"
+_EXTENSION_RUNTIME_PERMISSION_IDS = {
+    "ui.camera.scan_qr",
+    "wallet.pay_invoice",
+    "wallet.pay_invoice_background",
+    "wallet.payments.watch",
+}
+_RequestModel = TypeVar("_RequestModel", bound=BaseModel)
+_ResponseModel = TypeVar("_ResponseModel", bound=BaseModel)
+
+
+def extension_api_method(
+    *,
+    method_id: str,
+    namespace: str,
+    name: str,
+    host_name: str,
+    sdk_name: str,
+    description: str,
+    host_interface: str = "host",
+    required_permission: str | None = None,
+    require_auth: bool = True,
+) -> Callable[
+    [Callable[[Any, _RequestModel], Awaitable[_ResponseModel]]],
+    Callable[[Any, _RequestModel], Awaitable[_ResponseModel]],
+]:
+    export = ExtensionAPIMethodExport(
+        method_id=method_id,
+        namespace=namespace,
+        name=name,
+        host_interface=host_interface,
+        host_name=host_name,
+        sdk_name=sdk_name,
+        description=description,
+        required_permission=required_permission,
+        require_auth=require_auth,
+    )
+
+    def decorator(
+        function: Callable[[Any, _RequestModel], Awaitable[_ResponseModel]],
+    ) -> Callable[[Any, _RequestModel], Awaitable[_ResponseModel]]:
+        @wraps(function)
+        async def wrapper(self: Any, request: _RequestModel) -> _ResponseModel:
+            api = getattr(self, "api", self)
+            if require_auth and not api.has_authenticated_context():
+                raise PermissionError(
+                    f"Extension API method '{method_id}' requires authentication."
+                )
+            api.require_permission(required_permission)
+            return await function(self, request)
+
+        setattr(wrapper, _EXTENSION_API_METHOD_ATTR, export)
+        return wrapper
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+def list_extension_api_methods(
+    api_cls: type[Any] | None = None,
+) -> list[ExtensionAPIMethod]:
+    api_cls = _default_api_cls(api_cls)
+    methods: list[ExtensionAPIMethod] = []
+
+    for prefix, method_cls in _extension_api_method_sources(api_cls):
+        for python_name, function in inspect.getmembers(method_cls, inspect.isfunction):
+            export = getattr(function, _EXTENSION_API_METHOD_ATTR, None)
+            if not export:
+                continue
+
+            request_model, response_model = _get_method_models(function)
+            methods.append(
+                ExtensionAPIMethod(
+                    method_id=export.method_id,
+                    namespace=export.namespace,
+                    name=export.name,
+                    python_name=f"{prefix}.{python_name}" if prefix else python_name,
+                    host_interface=export.host_interface,
+                    host_name=export.host_name,
+                    sdk_name=export.sdk_name,
+                    description=export.description,
+                    request_model=request_model,
+                    response_model=response_model,
+                    required_permission=export.required_permission,
+                    require_auth=export.require_auth,
+                )
+            )
+
+    return sorted(methods, key=lambda method: method.method_id)
+
+
+def extension_api_permission_ids(api_cls: type[Any] | None = None) -> set[str]:
+    permissions = {
+        method.required_permission
+        for method in list_extension_api_methods(api_cls)
+        if method.required_permission
+    }
+    permissions.update(_EXTENSION_RUNTIME_PERMISSION_IDS)
+    return permissions
+
+
+def get_extension_api_method(
+    method_id: str,
+    api_cls: type[Any] | None = None,
+) -> ExtensionAPIMethod:
+    for method in list_extension_api_methods(api_cls):
+        if method.method_id == method_id:
+            return method
+    raise KeyError(f"Unknown extension API method '{method_id}'.")
+
+
+def extension_api_contract(api_cls: type[Any] | None = None) -> dict[str, object]:
+    return {
+        "version": 1,
+        "methods": [
+            {
+                "id": method.method_id,
+                "namespace": method.namespace,
+                "name": method.name,
+                "python_name": method.python_name,
+                "host_interface": method.host_interface,
+                "host_name": method.host_name,
+                "sdk_name": method.sdk_name,
+                "sdk_qualified_name": method.sdk_qualified_name,
+                "description": method.description,
+                "required_permission": method.required_permission,
+                "require_auth": method.require_auth,
+                "request_schema": method.request_model.schema(
+                    ref_template="#/definitions/{model}"
+                ),
+                "response_schema": method.response_model.schema(
+                    ref_template="#/definitions/{model}"
+                ),
+            }
+            for method in list_extension_api_methods(api_cls)
+        ],
+    }
+
+
+def _default_api_cls(api_cls: type[Any] | None) -> type[Any]:
+    if api_cls is not None:
+        return api_cls
+
+    from .host import ExtensionHostAPI
+
+    return ExtensionHostAPI
+
+
+def _extension_api_method_sources(
+    api_cls: type[Any],
+) -> list[tuple[str, type[Any]]]:
+    sources: list[tuple[str, type[Any]]] = [("", api_cls)]
+
+    from .host import ExtensionHostAPI
+
+    if issubclass(api_cls, ExtensionHostAPI):
+        from .utils import extension_api_utils_method_classes
+
+        sources.extend(extension_api_utils_method_classes().items())
+    return sources
+
+
+def _get_method_models(
+    function: Callable[..., object],
+) -> tuple[type[BaseModel], type[BaseModel]]:
+    signature = inspect.signature(function)
+    request_parameters = [
+        parameter
+        for parameter in signature.parameters.values()
+        if parameter.name != "self"
+    ]
+    if len(request_parameters) != 1:
+        raise TypeError(
+            f"Extension API method '{function.__name__}' must accept one request model."
+        )
+
+    hints = get_type_hints(function)
+    request_model = hints.get(request_parameters[0].name)
+    response_model = hints.get("return")
+
+    if not _is_pydantic_model(request_model):
+        raise TypeError(
+            f"Extension API method '{function.__name__}' request must be a BaseModel."
+        )
+    if not _is_pydantic_model(response_model):
+        raise TypeError(
+            f"Extension API method '{function.__name__}' response must be a BaseModel."
+        )
+
+    return cast(type[BaseModel], request_model), cast(type[BaseModel], response_model)
+
+
+def _is_pydantic_model(value: object) -> bool:
+    return isinstance(value, type) and issubclass(value, BaseModel)
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import inspect
+import re
+from collections.abc import Awaitable, Callable, Mapping
+from typing import Any
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+from .host import ExtensionHostAPI
+from .models import ExtensionAPIMethod
+from .registry import list_extension_api_methods
+
+HostImport = Callable[..., Awaitable[dict[str, Any]]]
+
+
+class ExtensionAPIHost:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        api: ExtensionHostAPI,
+        *,
+        api_cls: type[ExtensionHostAPI] = ExtensionHostAPI,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.api = api
+        self.methods = list_extension_api_methods(api_cls)
+        self._methods_by_host_name = self._index_methods(self.methods)
+
+    async def invoke(
+        self,
+        host_name: str,
+        payload: Mapping[str, Any] | BaseModel | None = None,
+    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        method = self._require_method(host_name)
+        from lnbits.core.services.extensions import record_wasm_invocation_host_call
+
+        record_wasm_invocation_host_call(self.api.invocation_id, method.method_id)
+        request = self._request_model(method, payload)
+        handler = _resolve_attr_path(self.api, method.python_name)
+        response = handler(request)
+        if inspect.isawaitable(response):
+            response = await response
+        return self._response_payload(method, response)
+
+    def imports(self) -> dict[str, HostImport]:
+        return self.imports_for_interface("host")
+
+    def import_object(self) -> dict[str, dict[str, HostImport]]:
+        interfaces = sorted({method.host_interface for method in self.methods})
+        return {
+            f"lnbits:extension/{interface}": self.imports_for_interface(interface)
+            for interface in interfaces
+        }
+
+    def imports_for_interface(self, host_interface: str) -> dict[str, HostImport]:
+        return {
+            _snake_to_camel(method.host_name): self._make_import(method)
+            for method in self.methods
+            if method.host_interface == host_interface
+        }
+
+    def _make_import(self, method: ExtensionAPIMethod) -> HostImport:
+        async def host_import(
+            payload: Mapping[str, Any] | BaseModel | None = None,
+        ) -> dict[str, Any]:
+            return await self.invoke(method.method_id, payload)
+
+        return host_import
+
+    def _require_method(self, host_name: str) -> ExtensionAPIMethod:
+        method = self._methods_by_host_name.get(host_name)
+        if not method:
+            raise KeyError(f"Unknown extension host function '{host_name}'.")
+        return method
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _index_methods(
+        methods: list[ExtensionAPIMethod],
+    ) -> dict[str, ExtensionAPIMethod]:
+        index: dict[str, ExtensionAPIMethod] = {}
+        for method in methods:
+            for host_name in {
+                method.method_id,
+                f"{method.host_interface}:{method.host_name}",
+                method.host_name,
+                _snake_to_camel(method.host_name),
+                method.host_name.replace("_", "-"),
+            }:
+                index[host_name] = method
+        return index
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _request_model(
+        method: ExtensionAPIMethod,
+        payload: Mapping[str, Any] | BaseModel | None,
+    ) -> BaseModel:
+        if isinstance(payload, method.request_model):
+            return payload
+        if isinstance(payload, BaseModel):
+            payload = payload.dict()
+        if payload is None:
+            payload = {}
+        if not isinstance(payload, Mapping):
+            raise TypeError(
+                f"Host function '{method.host_name}' expects an object payload."
+            )
+        data = {_to_snake(key): value for key, value in payload.items()}
+        if isinstance(data.get("extra"), list):
+            data["extra"] = dict(data["extra"])
+        if isinstance(data.get("headers"), list):
+            data["headers"] = dict(data["headers"])
+        return method.request_model.parse_obj(data)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _response_payload(
+        method: ExtensionAPIMethod,
+        response: Any,
+    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        if not isinstance(response, method.response_model):
+            response = method.response_model.parse_obj(response)
+        payload = response.dict()
+        if method.method_id in {"http.request", "extension.api.request"} and isinstance(
+            payload.get("headers"), Mapping
+        ):
+            payload["headers"] = list(payload["headers"].items())
+        return {_snake_to_camel(key): value for key, value in payload.items()}
+
+
+def _snake_to_camel(value: str) -> str:
+    head, *tail = value.split("_")
+    return head + "".join(part.capitalize() for part in tail)
+
+
+def _to_snake(value: str) -> str:
+    value = value.replace("-", "_")
+    return re.sub(r"([a-z0-9])([A-Z])", r"\1_\2", value).lower()
+
+
+def _resolve_attr_path(value: Any, path: str) -> Any:
+    for part in path.split("."):
+        value = getattr(value, part)
+    return value
@@ -0,0 +1,475 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import time
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Any
+
+from lnurl import LnurlErrorResponse, LnurlPayResponse, LnurlResponseException
+from lnurl import handle as lnurl_handle
+
+from lnbits import bolt11
+from lnbits.settings import settings
+from lnbits.utils.crypto import random_secret_and_hash, verify_preimage
+from lnbits.utils.exchange_rates import (
+    allowed_currencies,
+    fiat_amount_as_satoshis,
+    get_fiat_rate_and_price_satoshis,
+    satoshis_amount_as_fiat,
+)
+
+from .lnurl import (
+    lnurl_pay_response_int,
+    lnurl_pay_response_metadata_json,
+    lnurl_pay_response_text,
+    normalize_lnurl,
+)
+from .models import (
+    Bolt11Request,
+    CurrencyConvertRequest,
+    CurrencyConvertResponse,
+    CurrencyListResponse,
+    CurrencyRateRequest,
+    CurrencyRateResponse,
+    DecodeInvoiceResponse,
+    EmptyRequest,
+    FiatToSatsRequest,
+    FiatToSatsResponse,
+    InvoiceAmountMsatResponse,
+    InvoiceExpiryResponse,
+    InvoiceMemoResponse,
+    InvoicePaymentHashResponse,
+    LnurlResolveRequest,
+    LnurlResolveResponse,
+    RandomSecretAndHashRequest,
+    RandomSecretAndHashResponse,
+    SatsToFiatRequest,
+    SatsToFiatResponse,
+    ServerHealthResponse,
+    ValidateInvoiceResponse,
+    VerifyPreimageRequest,
+    VerifyPreimageResponse,
+)
+from .registry import extension_api_method
+
+
+class ExtensionAPIUtils:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        extension_id: str,
+        permissions: Iterable[str],
+        *,
+        authenticated: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        permission_set = set(permissions)
+        self.currencies = ExtensionCurrencyUtils(
+            extension_id, permission_set, authenticated=authenticated
+        )
+        self.server = ExtensionServerUtils(
+            extension_id, permission_set, authenticated=authenticated
+        )
+        self.lightning = ExtensionLightningUtils(
+            extension_id, permission_set, authenticated=authenticated
+        )
+        self.lnurl = ExtensionLnurlUtils(
+            extension_id, permission_set, authenticated=authenticated
+        )
+
+
+class _ExtensionAPIUtilsGroup:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        extension_id: str,
+        permissions: Iterable[str],
+        *,
+        authenticated: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.extension_id = extension_id
+        self.permissions = set(permissions)
+        self.authenticated = authenticated
+
+    def require_permission(self, permission: str | None) -> None:
+        if permission and permission not in self.permissions:
+            raise PermissionError(
+                f"Extension '{self.extension_id}' is missing permission '{permission}'."
+            )
+
+    def has_authenticated_context(self) -> bool:
+        return self.authenticated
+
+
+class ExtensionCurrencyUtils(_ExtensionAPIUtilsGroup):
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="utils.currencies.list",
+        namespace="utils.currencies",
+        name="List currencies",
+        host_interface="utils-currencies",
+        host_name="list_currencies",
+        sdk_name="list",
+        description="List currencies supported by LNbits exchange-rate conversion.",
+        required_permission="utils.basic",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def list(self, request: EmptyRequest) -> CurrencyListResponse:
+
+        return CurrencyListResponse(currencies=allowed_currencies())
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="utils.currencies.rate",
+        namespace="utils.currencies",
+        name="Get currency rate",
+        host_interface="utils-currencies",
+        host_name="rate",
+        sdk_name="rate",
+        description="Get sats-per-fiat and BTC price for a currency.",
+        required_permission="utils.basic",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def rate(self, request: CurrencyRateRequest) -> CurrencyRateResponse:
+
+        rate, price = await get_fiat_rate_and_price_satoshis(request.currency)
+        return CurrencyRateResponse(rate=rate, price=price)
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="utils.currencies.convert",
+        namespace="utils.currencies",
+        name="Convert currency amount",
+        host_interface="utils-currencies",
+        host_name="convert",
+        sdk_name="convert",
+        description="Convert between sats, BTC, and supported fiat currencies.",
+        required_permission="utils.basic",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def convert(self, request: CurrencyConvertRequest) -> CurrencyConvertResponse:
+
+        from_currency = request.from_currency
+        if from_currency == "sats":
+            from_currency = "sat"
+
+        amounts: list[tuple[str, float]] = []
+        if from_currency == "sat":
+            sats = int(request.amount)
+            amounts.append(("BTC", sats / 100_000_000))
+            amounts.append(("sats", sats))
+            for currency in request.to.split(","):
+                currency = currency.strip()
+                if currency:
+                    amounts.append(
+                        (
+                            currency.upper(),
+                            await satoshis_amount_as_fiat(sats, currency),
+                        )
+                    )
+        else:
+            sats = await fiat_amount_as_satoshis(request.amount, from_currency)
+            amounts.append((from_currency.upper(), request.amount))
+            amounts.append(("sats", sats))
+            amounts.append(("BTC", sats / 100_000_000))
+        return CurrencyConvertResponse(amounts=amounts)
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="utils.currencies.fiat_to_sats",
+        namespace="utils.currencies",
+        name="Convert fiat to sats",
+        host_interface="utils-currencies",
+        host_name="fiat_to_sats",
+        sdk_name="fiatToSats",
+        description="Convert a fiat amount to sats.",
+        required_permission="utils.basic",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def fiat_to_sats(self, request: FiatToSatsRequest) -> FiatToSatsResponse:
+
+        return FiatToSatsResponse(
+            amount_sat=await fiat_amount_as_satoshis(
+                request.amount,
+                request.currency,
+            )
+        )
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="utils.currencies.sats_to_fiat",
+        namespace="utils.currencies",
+        name="Convert sats to fiat",
+        host_interface="utils-currencies",
+        host_name="sats_to_fiat",
+        sdk_name="satsToFiat",
+        description="Convert a sats amount to fiat.",
+        required_permission="utils.basic",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def sats_to_fiat(self, request: SatsToFiatRequest) -> SatsToFiatResponse:
+
+        return SatsToFiatResponse(
+            amount=await satoshis_amount_as_fiat(request.amount, request.currency)
+        )
+
+
+class ExtensionServerUtils(_ExtensionAPIUtilsGroup):
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="utils.server.health",
+        namespace="utils.server",
+        name="Server health",
+        host_interface="utils-server",
+        host_name="health",
+        sdk_name="health",
+        description="Return basic public LNbits server health data.",
+        required_permission="utils.basic",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def health(self, request: EmptyRequest) -> ServerHealthResponse:
+
+        return ServerHealthResponse(
+            server_time=int(time.time()),
+            up_time=settings.lnbits_server_up_time,
+        )
+
+
+class ExtensionLnurlUtils(_ExtensionAPIUtilsGroup):
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="utils.lnurl.resolve",
+        namespace="utils.lnurl",
+        name="Resolve LNURL-pay",
+        host_interface="utils-lnurl",
+        host_name="resolve",
+        sdk_name="resolve",
+        description="Resolve a Lightning Address or LNURL-pay request.",
+        required_permission="wallet.pay_invoice",
+        require_auth=True,
+    )
+    async def resolve(self, request: LnurlResolveRequest) -> LnurlResolveResponse:
+        normalized_lnurl = normalize_lnurl(request.lnurl)
+        response = await lnurl_handle(
+            normalized_lnurl,
+            user_agent=settings.user_agent,
+            timeout=5,
+        )
+        if isinstance(response, LnurlErrorResponse):
+            raise LnurlResponseException(response.reason)
+        if not isinstance(response, LnurlPayResponse):
+            raise LnurlResponseException(
+                "Invalid LNURL response. Expected LnurlPayResponse."
+            )
+
+        min_sendable_msat = lnurl_pay_response_int(
+            response, "min_sendable", "minSendable"
+        )
+        max_sendable_msat = lnurl_pay_response_int(
+            response, "max_sendable", "maxSendable"
+        )
+        image = getattr(response, "image", None)
+        return LnurlResolveResponse(
+            lnurl=normalized_lnurl,
+            domain=getattr(response, "domain", None),
+            description=lnurl_pay_response_text(response),
+            min_sendable_msat=min_sendable_msat,
+            max_sendable_msat=max_sendable_msat,
+            comment_allowed=lnurl_pay_response_int(
+                response, "comment_allowed", "commentAllowed"
+            ),
+            fixed=bool(
+                getattr(
+                    response,
+                    "fixed",
+                    min_sendable_msat == max_sendable_msat,
+                )
+            ),
+            image=str(image) if image is not None else None,
+            metadata_json=lnurl_pay_response_metadata_json(response),
+        )
+
+
+class ExtensionLightningUtils(_ExtensionAPIUtilsGroup):
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="utils.lightning.decode_invoice",
+        namespace="utils.lightning",
+        name="Decode Lightning invoice",
+        host_interface="utils-lightning",
+        host_name="decode_invoice",
+        sdk_name="decodeInvoice",
+        description="Decode a BOLT11 Lightning invoice.",
+        required_permission="utils.basic",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def decode_invoice(self, request: Bolt11Request) -> DecodeInvoiceResponse:
+        invoice = _decode_bolt11(request.bolt11)
+        return _decoded_invoice_response(invoice)
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="utils.lightning.validate_invoice",
+        namespace="utils.lightning",
+        name="Validate Lightning invoice",
+        host_interface="utils-lightning",
+        host_name="validate_invoice",
+        sdk_name="validateInvoice",
+        description="Validate whether a string is a BOLT11 Lightning invoice.",
+        required_permission="utils.basic",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def validate_invoice(self, request: Bolt11Request) -> ValidateInvoiceResponse:
+        try:
+            _decode_bolt11(request.bolt11)
+            return ValidateInvoiceResponse(valid=True)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            return ValidateInvoiceResponse(valid=False, error=str(exc))
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="utils.lightning.invoice_payment_hash",
+        namespace="utils.lightning",
+        name="Get Lightning invoice payment hash",
+        host_interface="utils-lightning",
+        host_name="invoice_payment_hash",
+        sdk_name="invoicePaymentHash",
+        description="Get the payment hash from a BOLT11 Lightning invoice.",
+        required_permission="utils.basic",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def invoice_payment_hash(
+        self, request: Bolt11Request
+    ) -> InvoicePaymentHashResponse:
+        return InvoicePaymentHashResponse(
+            payment_hash=str(_decode_bolt11(request.bolt11).payment_hash)
+        )
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="utils.lightning.invoice_amount_msat",
+        namespace="utils.lightning",
+        name="Get Lightning invoice amount",
+        host_interface="utils-lightning",
+        host_name="invoice_amount_msat",
+        sdk_name="invoiceAmountMsat",
+        description="Get the amount in msat from a BOLT11 Lightning invoice.",
+        required_permission="utils.basic",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def invoice_amount_msat(
+        self, request: Bolt11Request
+    ) -> InvoiceAmountMsatResponse:
+        return InvoiceAmountMsatResponse(
+            amount_msat=_invoice_amount_msat(_decode_bolt11(request.bolt11))
+        )
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="utils.lightning.invoice_expiry",
+        namespace="utils.lightning",
+        name="Get Lightning invoice expiry",
+        host_interface="utils-lightning",
+        host_name="invoice_expiry",
+        sdk_name="invoiceExpiry",
+        description="Get the expiry timestamp from a BOLT11 Lightning invoice.",
+        required_permission="utils.basic",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def invoice_expiry(self, request: Bolt11Request) -> InvoiceExpiryResponse:
+        return InvoiceExpiryResponse(
+            expires_at=_invoice_expires_at(_decode_bolt11(request.bolt11))
+        )
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="utils.lightning.invoice_memo",
+        namespace="utils.lightning",
+        name="Get Lightning invoice memo",
+        host_interface="utils-lightning",
+        host_name="invoice_memo",
+        sdk_name="invoiceMemo",
+        description="Get the memo from a BOLT11 Lightning invoice.",
+        required_permission="utils.basic",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def invoice_memo(self, request: Bolt11Request) -> InvoiceMemoResponse:
+        return InvoiceMemoResponse(memo=_invoice_memo(_decode_bolt11(request.bolt11)))
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="utils.lightning.verify_preimage",
+        namespace="utils.lightning",
+        name="Verify Lightning preimage",
+        host_interface="utils-lightning",
+        host_name="verify_preimage",
+        sdk_name="verifyPreimage",
+        description="Verify that a preimage matches a payment hash.",
+        required_permission="utils.basic",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def verify_preimage(
+        self, request: VerifyPreimageRequest
+    ) -> VerifyPreimageResponse:
+
+        return VerifyPreimageResponse(
+            valid=verify_preimage(request.preimage, request.payment_hash)
+        )
+
+    @extension_api_method(
+        method_id="utils.lightning.random_secret_and_hash",
+        namespace="utils.lightning",
+        name="Random Lightning secret and hash",
+        host_interface="utils-lightning",
+        host_name="random_secret_and_hash",
+        sdk_name="randomSecretAndHash",
+        description="Create a random secret and matching SHA256 hash.",
+        required_permission="utils.basic",
+        require_auth=False,
+    )
+    async def random_secret_and_hash(
+        self, request: RandomSecretAndHashRequest
+    ) -> RandomSecretAndHashResponse:
+
+        secret, payment_hash = random_secret_and_hash(request.length)
+        return RandomSecretAndHashResponse(secret=secret, hash=payment_hash)
+
+
+def extension_api_utils_method_classes() -> dict[str, type[_ExtensionAPIUtilsGroup]]:
+    return {
+        "utils.currencies": ExtensionCurrencyUtils,
+        "utils.server": ExtensionServerUtils,
+        "utils.lnurl": ExtensionLnurlUtils,
+        "utils.lightning": ExtensionLightningUtils,
+    }
+
+
+def _decode_bolt11(payment_request: str) -> Any:
+
+    return bolt11.decode(payment_request)
+
+
+def _decoded_invoice_response(invoice: Any) -> DecodeInvoiceResponse:
+    return DecodeInvoiceResponse(
+        payment_hash=str(getattr(invoice, "payment_hash", "")) or None,
+        amount_msat=_invoice_amount_msat(invoice),
+        expiry=_invoice_expiry(invoice),
+        expires_at=_invoice_expires_at(invoice),
+        memo=_invoice_memo(invoice),
+    )
+
+
+def _invoice_amount_msat(invoice: Any) -> int | None:
+    amount_msat = getattr(invoice, "amount_msat", None)
+    if amount_msat is None:
+        return None
+    return int(amount_msat)
+
+
+def _invoice_expiry(invoice: Any) -> int | None:
+    expiry = getattr(invoice, "expiry", None)
+    if expiry is None:
+        return None
+    return int(expiry)
+
+
+def _invoice_expires_at(invoice: Any) -> int | None:
+    expiry_date = getattr(invoice, "expiry_date", None)
+    if isinstance(expiry_date, datetime):
+        return int(expiry_date.timestamp())
+
+    date = getattr(invoice, "date", None)
+    expiry = getattr(invoice, "expiry", None)
+    if isinstance(date, datetime) and expiry is not None:
+        return int(date.timestamp() + int(expiry))
+    if isinstance(date, (int, float)) and expiry is not None:
+        return int(date + int(expiry))
+    return None
+
+
+def _invoice_memo(invoice: Any) -> str | None:
+    memo = getattr(invoice, "description", None)
+    return str(memo) if memo is not None else None
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+from .extensions import send_extension_api_request
+from .http import send_extension_http_request
+
+__all__ = ["send_extension_api_request", "send_extension_http_request"]
@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import posixpath
+import re
+from typing import Any
+from urllib.parse import unquote, urlsplit, urlunsplit
+
+import httpx
+
+from lnbits.core.crud.extensions import (
+    get_installed_extension,
+    get_user_active_extensions_ids,
+)
+from lnbits.settings import settings
+
+from ..api.models import ExtensionApiRequest, HttpResponse
+
+EXTENSION_API_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 10.0
+EXTENSION_API_MAX_RESPONSE_BYTES = 262_144
+
+_READ_METHODS = {"GET", "HEAD"}
+_WRITE_METHODS = {"DELETE", "PATCH", "POST", "PUT"}
+_EXTENSION_ID_RE = re.compile(r"^[A-Za-z0-9_-]+$")
+_FORBIDDEN_RESPONSE_HEADERS = {
+    "connection",
+    "content-length",
+    "set-cookie",
+    "transfer-encoding",
+}
+
+
+async def send_extension_api_request(
+    caller_extension_id: str,
+    policies: list[Any],
+    user_id: str | None,
+    access_token: str | None,
+    request: ExtensionApiRequest,
+    *,
+    timeout_ms: int | None = None,
+    max_response_bytes: int | None = None,
+) -> HttpResponse:
+    if not user_id:
+        raise PermissionError("Extension API requests require authentication.")
+    if not access_token:
+        raise PermissionError("Extension API requests require an account access token.")
+
+    target_extension_id = _target_extension_id(request.extension_id)
+    access = _target_extension_access(policies, target_extension_id)
+    _require_method_access(caller_extension_id, target_extension_id, access, request)
+    await _require_enabled_extension(target_extension_id, user_id)
+
+    path = _extension_api_path(request.path)
+    body = request.body.encode() if request.body is not None else b""
+    if len(body) > 65_536:
+        raise ValueError("Extension API request body is too large.")
+
+    url = f"http://{settings.host}:{settings.port}/{target_extension_id}{path}"
+    try:
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient(
+            follow_redirects=False,
+            timeout=_timeout_seconds(timeout_ms, EXTENSION_API_TIMEOUT_SECONDS),
+            trust_env=False,
+        ) as client:
+            async with client.stream(
+                request.method,
+                url,
+                headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {access_token}"},
+                content=body,
+            ) as response:
+                response_body = await _read_limited_response(
+                    response,
+                    max_response_bytes=max_response_bytes,
+                )
+                return HttpResponse(
+                    status_code=response.status_code,
+                    headers=_response_headers(dict(response.headers)),
+                    body=response_body.decode(response.encoding or "utf-8", "replace"),
+                )
+    except httpx.RequestError as exc:
+        raise ValueError("Extension API request failed.") from exc
+
+
+def _target_extension_id(extension_id: str) -> str:
+    target = extension_id.strip()
+    if not target or not _EXTENSION_ID_RE.match(target):
+        raise PermissionError("Extension API request has an invalid target extension.")
+    return target
+
+
+def _target_extension_access(policies: list[Any], target_extension_id: str) -> set[str]:
+    if not isinstance(policies, list) or not policies:
+        raise PermissionError(
+            "Extension API requests require a non-empty extensions policy."
+        )
+
+    for extension in policies:
+        if isinstance(extension, str):
+            extension_id = extension
+            access = ["read"]
+        elif isinstance(extension, dict):
+            raw_extension_id = extension.get("id")
+            raw_access = extension.get("access")
+            if not isinstance(raw_extension_id, str):
+                continue
+            if not isinstance(raw_access, list):
+                raise PermissionError(
+                    f"Extension API target '{target_extension_id}' "
+                    "has no access policy."
+                )
+            extension_id = raw_extension_id
+            access = raw_access
+        else:
+            continue
+
+        if extension_id != target_extension_id:
+            continue
+        clean_access = {
+            item
+            for item in access
+            if isinstance(item, str) and item in {"read", "write"}
+        }
+        if clean_access:
+            return clean_access
+        break
+
+    raise PermissionError(
+        f"Extension API target '{target_extension_id}' is not allowed."
+    )
+
+
+def _require_method_access(
+    caller_extension_id: str,
+    target_extension_id: str,
+    access: set[str],
+    request: ExtensionApiRequest,
+) -> None:
+    if request.method in _READ_METHODS:
+        required_access = "read"
+    elif request.method in _WRITE_METHODS:
+        required_access = "write"
+    else:
+        raise PermissionError("Extension API request method is not allowed.")
+
+    if required_access not in access:
+        raise PermissionError(
+            f"Extension '{caller_extension_id}' cannot {required_access} "
+            f"extension '{target_extension_id}'."
+        )
+
+
+async def _require_enabled_extension(target_extension_id: str, user_id: str) -> None:
+    extension = await get_installed_extension(target_extension_id)
+    if not extension or not extension.active:
+        raise PermissionError(
+            f"Target extension '{target_extension_id}' is not installed or enabled."
+        )
+
+    active_extensions = await get_user_active_extensions_ids(user_id)
+    if target_extension_id not in active_extensions:
+        raise PermissionError(
+            f"Target extension '{target_extension_id}' is not active for this user."
+        )
+
+
+def _extension_api_path(path: str) -> str:
+    parts = urlsplit(path)
+    if parts.scheme or parts.netloc:
+        raise PermissionError("Extension API request path must be relative.")
+    if parts.fragment:
+        raise PermissionError("Extension API request path cannot include a fragment.")
+    if not parts.path.startswith("/api/"):
+        raise PermissionError("Extension API request path must start with '/api/'.")
+
+    decoded_path = unquote(parts.path)
+    path_parts = decoded_path.split("/")
+    if any(part == ".." for part in path_parts):
+        raise PermissionError("Extension API request path cannot traverse directories.")
+
+    normalized = posixpath.normpath(decoded_path)
+    if normalized != decoded_path.rstrip("/") or not normalized.startswith("/api/"):
+        raise PermissionError("Extension API request path is invalid.")
+
+    return urlunsplit(("", "", parts.path, parts.query, ""))
+
+
+async def _read_limited_response(
+    response: httpx.Response,
+    *,
+    max_response_bytes: int | None = None,
+) -> bytes:
+    limit = (
+        EXTENSION_API_MAX_RESPONSE_BYTES
+        if max_response_bytes is None
+        else max_response_bytes
+    )
+    chunks: list[bytes] = []
+    size = 0
+    async for chunk in response.aiter_bytes():
+        size += len(chunk)
+        if limit > 0 and size > limit:
+            raise ValueError("Extension API response is too large.")
+        chunks.append(chunk)
+    return b"".join(chunks)
+
+
+def _timeout_seconds(timeout_ms: int | None, default: float) -> float | None:
+    if timeout_ms is None:
+        return default
+    if timeout_ms <= 0:
+        return None
+    return timeout_ms / 1000
+
+
+def _response_headers(headers: dict[str, str]) -> dict[str, str]:
+    return {
+        key: value
+        for key, value in headers.items()
+        if key.lower() not in _FORBIDDEN_RESPONSE_HEADERS
+    }
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import ipaddress
+import socket
+from typing import Any
+from urllib.parse import urlparse
+
+import httpx
+
+from ..api.models import HttpRequest, HttpResponse
+
+HTTP_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 10.0
+HTTP_MAX_RESPONSE_BYTES = 262_144
+
+_FORBIDDEN_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
+    "connection",
+    "content-length",
+    "cookie",
+    "host",
+    "proxy-authorization",
+    "transfer-encoding",
+}
+_FORBIDDEN_RESPONSE_HEADERS = {
+    "connection",
+    "content-length",
+    "set-cookie",
+    "transfer-encoding",
+}
+
+
+async def send_extension_http_request(
+    extension_id: str,
+    policies: list[Any],
+    request: HttpRequest,
+    *,
+    timeout_ms: int | None = None,
+    max_response_bytes: int | None = None,
+) -> HttpResponse:
+    allowed_origins = _allowed_origins(policies)
+    origin = _request_origin(request.url)
+    if origin not in allowed_origins:
+        raise PermissionError(
+            f"Extension '{extension_id}' is not allowed to request '{origin}'."
+        )
+
+    await _reject_internal_host(request.url)
+    headers = _request_headers(request.headers)
+    body = request.body.encode() if request.body is not None else b""
+    if len(body) > 65_536:
+        raise ValueError("HTTP request body is too large.")
+
+    try:
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient(
+            follow_redirects=False,
+            timeout=_timeout_seconds(timeout_ms, HTTP_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_SECONDS),
+            trust_env=False,
+        ) as client:
+            async with client.stream(
+                request.method,
+                request.url,
+                headers=headers,
+                content=body,
+            ) as response:
+                response_body = await _read_limited_response(
+                    response,
+                    max_response_bytes=max_response_bytes,
+                )
+                return HttpResponse(
+                    status_code=response.status_code,
+                    headers=_response_headers(dict(response.headers)),
+                    body=response_body.decode(response.encoding or "utf-8", "replace"),
+                )
+    except httpx.RequestError as exc:
+        raise ValueError("HTTP request failed.") from exc
+
+
+def _allowed_origins(policies: list[Any]) -> set[str]:
+    if not isinstance(policies, list) or not policies:
+        raise PermissionError("HTTP requests require a non-empty hosts policy.")
+
+    origins: set[str] = set()
+    for policy in policies:
+        host = policy.get("host") if isinstance(policy, dict) else policy
+        if not isinstance(host, str) or not host:
+            continue
+        origins.add(_request_origin(host))
+    if not origins:
+        raise PermissionError("HTTP requests require at least one valid host.")
+    return origins
+
+
+def _request_origin(url: str) -> str:
+    parsed = urlparse(url)
+    if parsed.scheme != "https":
+        raise PermissionError("HTTP requests require https URLs.")
+    if parsed.username or parsed.password:
+        raise PermissionError("HTTP requests cannot include credentials in URLs.")
+    if not parsed.hostname:
+        raise PermissionError("HTTP requests require a hostname.")
+
+    hostname = parsed.hostname.lower()
+    port = _url_port(parsed)
+    if port is None or port == 443:
+        return f"https://{hostname}"
+    return f"https://{hostname}:{port}"
+
+
+def _url_port(parsed: Any) -> int | None:
+    try:
+        return parsed.port
+    except ValueError as exc:
+        raise PermissionError("HTTP request URL has an invalid port.") from exc
+
+
+async def _reject_internal_host(url: str) -> None:
+    parsed = urlparse(url)
+    hostname = parsed.hostname
+    if not hostname:
+        raise PermissionError("HTTP requests require a hostname.")
+    if hostname == "localhost" or hostname.endswith(".localhost"):
+        raise PermissionError("HTTP requests cannot target localhost.")
+
+    try:
+        address = ipaddress.ip_address(hostname)
+        _reject_internal_address(address)
+        return
+    except ValueError:
+        pass
+
+    for address in await _resolve_host(hostname):
+        _reject_internal_address(address)
+
+
+async def _resolve_host(
+    hostname: str,
+) -> list[ipaddress.IPv4Address | ipaddress.IPv6Address]:
+    import asyncio
+
+    def resolve() -> list[ipaddress.IPv4Address | ipaddress.IPv6Address]:
+        try:
+            infos = socket.getaddrinfo(hostname, None, type=socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+        except socket.gaierror as exc:
+            raise PermissionError("HTTP request host could not be resolved.") from exc
+
+        addresses: list[ipaddress.IPv4Address | ipaddress.IPv6Address] = []
+        for info in infos:
+            sockaddr = info[4]
+            addresses.append(ipaddress.ip_address(sockaddr[0]))
+        return addresses
+
+    return await asyncio.to_thread(resolve)
+
+
+def _reject_internal_address(
+    address: ipaddress.IPv4Address | ipaddress.IPv6Address,
+) -> None:
+    if not address.is_global:
+        raise PermissionError("HTTP requests cannot target internal network addresses.")
+
+
+def _request_headers(headers: dict[str, str]) -> dict[str, str]:
+    clean: dict[str, str] = {}
+    for key, value in headers.items():
+        header = key.strip()
+        if not header:
+            continue
+        if header.lower() in _FORBIDDEN_REQUEST_HEADERS:
+            continue
+        clean[header] = value
+    return clean
+
+
+async def _read_limited_response(
+    response: httpx.Response,
+    *,
+    max_response_bytes: int | None = None,
+) -> bytes:
+    limit = (
+        HTTP_MAX_RESPONSE_BYTES if max_response_bytes is None else max_response_bytes
+    )
+    chunks: list[bytes] = []
+    size = 0
+    async for chunk in response.aiter_bytes():
+        size += len(chunk)
+        if limit > 0 and size > limit:
+            raise ValueError("HTTP response is too large.")
+        chunks.append(chunk)
+    return b"".join(chunks)
+
+
+def _timeout_seconds(timeout_ms: int | None, default: float) -> float | None:
+    if timeout_ms is None:
+        return default
+    if timeout_ms <= 0:
+        return None
+    return timeout_ms / 1000
+
+
+def _response_headers(headers: dict[str, str]) -> dict[str, str]:
+    return {
+        key: value
+        for key, value in headers.items()
+        if key.lower() not in _FORBIDDEN_RESPONSE_HEADERS
+    }
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+from .register import register_wasm_extension
+
+__all__ = ["register_wasm_extension"]
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
				`@@ -0,0 +1 @@`
				`"""SSO authentication providers for LNbits"""`